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Constraints to the implementation of effective environmental management in coastal areas of developing countries Anais da ABC (AABC)
Wagener,Angela de L.R..
This paper addresses the limitations the scarcity of reliable scientific information poses to the implementation of effective and sustainable coastal management programmes in developing countries. Alternatives to the current monitoring approaches are suggested as to improve information level on the state of the environment and to decrease data gap on past conditions. The paper aims at encouraging the redesign of monitoring practices in developing countries as to be ground on the best actual scientific knowledge.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Coastal management; Scientific information; Environmental indicators; Monitoring; Developing countries.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652005000400004
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Increasing the regional availability of the Standardized Precipitation Index: an operational approach Bragantia
Meschiatti,Monica Cristina; Blain,Gabriel Constantino.
ABSTRACT The need to use a length of rainfall records of at least 30 years to calculate the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) limits its application in several Drought Early Warning Systems of developing countries. Therefore, in order to increase the number of weather stations in which the SPI may be applied, this study quantified the difference among SPI values derived from calibration periods (CP) smaller than 30 years in respect to those computed from the 30-year period of 1985 – 2014 in the State of São Paulo, Brazil (time scales ranging from 1 to 12 months were considered). The correlation, agreement and consistency of SPI values derived from CP ranging from the last 30 to 21 years have been evaluated. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov/Lilliefors test...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Drought monitoring; Calibration periods; Developing countries.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052016000400507
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An outbreak of Candida spp. bloodstream infection in a tertiary care center in Bogotá, Colombia BJID
DiazGranados,Carlos A.; Martinez,Adriana; Deaza,Ceneth; Valderrama,Sandra.
Several cases of Candida bloodstream infections were documented from June to October 2004 at a tertiary care center in Bogotá, Colombia. Since no cases of candidemia had occurred during the preceding four months, an outbreak was declared. As a result, a microbiological study, a revision of infection control practices and a case-control study were performed. In all, 18 cases of candidemia were ascertained. Parenteral nutrition (p=0.04), presence of a central line (p=0.03), and severity of illness (p=0.03) were associated with candidemia in bivariate analysis. Diverse Candida species were observed. Candida parapsilosis contamination was found in plastic containers used for transient intravenous (IV) medication storage at the bedside, plastic bags reused for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Candida; Fungemia; Disease outbreaks; Developing countries; Colombia; Latin America.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000500009
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High rate of virologic suppression with darunavir/ritonavir plus optimized background therapy among highly antiretroviral-experienced HIV-infected patients: results of a prospective cohort study in São Paulo, Brazil BJID
Vidal,José Ernesto; Song,Alice Tung Wan; Matos,Maria Laura; Bartmann,Daniel; Anjos,Guilherme dos; Miranda,Érique José Peixoto de; Freitas,Ângela Carvalho; Dalben,Mirian de Freitas; Santana,Claudinei; Segurado,Aluísio Cotrim; Barreto,Cláudia Cortese; Hernández,Adrián Vladimir.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the virologic and immunological response of darunavir/ritonavir plus optimized background therapy in highly antiretroviral-experienced HIV-infected patients in Brazil. METHODS: Prospective cohort study carried out in a tertiary center in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Three-class antiretroviral-experienced patients with confirmed virologic failure began darunavir/ritonavir plus optimized background therapy (nucleoside/tide reverse transcriptase inhibitors ± raltegravir ± enfuvirtide ± maraviroc) after performing a genotypic resistance assay. Clinical evaluation and laboratory tests were collected at baseline and at weeks 12, 24, and 48. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify predictors of virologic response at 48 weeks. RESULTS:...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Highly active antiretroviral therapy; Darunavir; Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; Developing countries.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702013000100007
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Relative frequency, clinical, neuroimaging, and postsurgical features of pediatric temporal lobe epilepsy BJMBR
Sales,L.V.; Velasco,T.R.; Funayama,S.; Ribeiro,L.T.; Andrade-Valença,L.P.; Neder,L.; Fernandes,R.M.F.; Araujo Jr.,D.; Machado,H.R.; Santos,A.C.; Leite,J.P..
We describe the relative frequency, clinical features, neuroimaging and pathological results, and outcome after pharmacological or surgical intervention for a series of pediatric patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) from an epilepsy center in Brazil. The medical records of children younger than 12 years with features strongly suggestive of TLE were reviewed from January 1999 to June 1999. Selected children were evaluated regarding clinical, EEG, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigation and divided into three groups according to MRI: group 1 (G1, N = 9), patients with hippocampal atrophy; group 2 (G2, N = 10), patients with normal MRI, and group 3 (G3, N = 12), patients with other specific temporal lesions. A review of 1732 records of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Temporal lobe epilepsy; Children; Etiology; Prognosis; Developing countries.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006001000013
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Acceptance of a food of animal origin obtained through genetic modification and cloning in South America: a comparative study among university students and working adults Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.
SCHNETTLER,Berta; VELÁSQUEZ,Carlos; MIRANDA,Horacio; LOBOS,Germán; ORELLANA,Ligia; SEPÚLVEDA,José; MIRANDA,Edgardo; ADASME-BERRÍOS,Cristian; GRUNERT,Klaus.
AbstractWith the aim of comparing the acceptance of milk obtained from cloned, genetically modified (GM) and conventionally bred cows among working adults and university students, and identifying and characterizing typologies among both subsamples in terms of their preferences, a survey was applied to 400 people in southern Chile, distributed using a simple allocation among the subsamples. Using a conjoint analysis, it was found that consumers preferred milk from a conventional cow. Using a cluster analysis, in both subsamples two segments sensitive to production technology were identified. Rejection of cloning was greatest among university students, whereas a higher proportion of working adults rejected GM. The segments differed in terms of area of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Animal cloning; GM animals; Milk; Developing countries; Consumer acceptance.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612015000300570
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Recursos genéticos de los hongos del maguey (pleurotus sp.) de la región central de México: caracterización y selección de genotipos con potencial para la producción rural. Colegio de Postgraduados
Ramírez Carrasco, Angelina Patricia.
México cuenta con una gran diversidad biológica, sin embargo, poco se han aprovechado los recursos genéticos nativos para la producción comercial de hongos comestibles. En esta investigación se recolectaron y caracterizaron diversos genotipos de Pleurotus que crecían silvestres sobre plantas de Agave en el altiplano de la región central de México. Estos hongos comestibles son consumidos por las comunidades locales durante la época de lluvias, a los cuales denominan como “Hongos del Maguey”. Se aislaron 25 cepas de estos hongos que se caracterizaron macro y microscópicamente, y se evaluó su competitividad comercial. La más alta eficiencia biológica (EB) y tasa de producción (TP) se registraron en la cepa CP-460 (58.04% y 1.0748, respectivamente), las...
Palavras-chave: Pleurotus; Hongos de maguey; Trichoderma; Cultivo de hongos comestibles; Desarrollo Rural; Países en desarrollo; Maguey Mushrooms; Edible mushroom cultivation; Rural development; Developing countries; Doctorado; EDAR; Estrategias para el Desarrollo Agrícola Regional.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/371
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Social Learning through Participatory Integrated Catchment Risk Assessment in the Solomon Islands Ecology and Society
Hoverman, Suzanne; University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland; suzannehoverman@optusnet.com.au; Ross, Helen; University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland; Helen.Ross@uq.edu.au; Chan, Terence; Water Studies Centre, Monash University, Victoria; terence.chan@sci.monash.edu.au; Powell, Bronwyn; International WaterCentre Brisbane, Queensland; b.powell@watercentre.org.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Catchment risk assessment; Collective social action; Deliberative democratic theory; Developing countries; Integrated Water Resources Management IWRM; Knowledge systems; Social learning; Solomon Islands; Pacific Islands.
Ano: 2011
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A Typology of Benefit Sharing Arrangements for the Governance of Social-Ecological Systems in Developing Countries Ecology and Society
Nkhata, Bimo Abraham; Water Research Node, Monash South Africa; bimo.nkhata@monash.edu; Mosimane, Alfons; Centre for Environment, Agriculture and Development, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; alfons.mosimane@gmail.com; Downsborough, Linda; Water Research Node, Monash South Africa; Linda.Downsborough@monash.edu; Breen, Charles; Centre for Environment, Agriculture and Development, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa; breenc@telkomsa.net; Roux, Dirk J; Water Research Node, Monash South Africa; dirk.roux@monash.edu.
This study explores and interprets relevant literature to construct a typology of benefit sharing arrangements for the governance of social-ecological systems in developing countries. The typology comprises three generic categories of benefit sharing arrangements: collaborative, market-oriented, and egalitarian. We contend that the three categories provide a useful basis for exploring and classifying the different societal arrangements required for governance of social-ecological systems. The typology we present is founded on a related set of explicit assumptions that can be used to explore and better understand the linkages among ecosystem services, benefit sharing, and governance. Issues that are strongly related to sustainability in developing countries...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis Palavras-chave: Benefit sharing; Developing countries; Ecosystem services; Governance; Social-ecological systems; Typology.
Ano: 2012
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Local Social and Environmental Impacts of Biofuels: Global Comparative Assessment and Implications for Governance Ecology and Society
German, Laura; Center for International Forestry Research; University of Georgia; L.GERMAN@cgiar.org; Schoneveld , George C.; Center for International Forestry Research; G.Schoneveld@cgiar.org; Pacheco, Pablo; Center for International Forestry Research; p.pacheco@cgiar.org.
The 2000s witnessed the rapid expansion of biofuel plantations in the global South in the context of a growing trend of crop plantation expansion. This trend has been spurred by policies in the European Union, United States, Brazil, and other countries favoring the use of biofuels in the transport sector to enhance energy security and reduce carbon emissions, as well as by the desire of governments in developing countries to harness the stimulus that new commercial investments provide to the agricultural sector and to national economies. Despite these potential benefits, a number of concerns have been raised about the local social and environmental impacts of biofuel feedstock expansion. We shed light on this debate through a synthesis of findings from...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Developing countries; Environmental impacts; Global South; Social impacts.
Ano: 2011
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Characterization and comparability of biosimilars: A filgrastim case of study and regulatory perspectives for Latin America Electron. J. Biotechnol.
Mendoza-Macedo,Karina; Romero-Díaz,Alexis J; Miranda-Hernández,Mariana P; Campos-García,Víctor R; Ramírez-Ibañez,Nancy D; Juárez-Bayardo,L. Carmina; Moreno-Duran,Karen; Cedillo-Robles,Miriam S; Pérez,Nestor O; Jung-Cook,Helgi; Flores-Ortiz,Luis F; Medina-Rivero,Emilio.
Background: Developing countries have an estimate of ten times more approved biosimilars than developed countries. This disparity demands the need of an objective regulation that incorporates health policies according to the technological and economical capabilities of each country. One of the challenges lies on the establishment of comparability principles based on a physicochemical and biological characterization that should determine the extent of additional non-clinical and clinical studies. This is particularly relevant for licensed biosimilars in developing countries, which have an extensive clinical experience since their approval as generics' in some cases more than a decade. To exemplify the current status of biosimilars in Mexico' a...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Bio therapeutic; Comparability; Critical quality attributes; Developing countries; Generics; Health policies; High quality biosimilars; Regulation.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582016000600010
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Technical and economic feasibility of gradual concentric chambers reactor for sewage treatment in developing countries Electron. J. Biotechnol.
Mendoza,Lourdes; Carballa,Marta; Sitorus,Berlian; Pieters,Jan; Verstraete,Willy.
A major challenge in developing countries concerning domestic wastewaters is to decrease their treatment costs. In the present study, a new cost-effective reactor called gradual concentric chambers (GCC) was designed and evaluated at lab-scale. The effluent quality of the GCC reactor was compared with that of an upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor. Both reactors showed organic matter removal efficiencies of 90%; however, the elimination of nitrogen was higher in the GCC reactor. The amount of biogas recovered in the GCC and the UASB systems was 50% and 75% of the theoretical amount expected, respectively, and both reactors showed a slightly higher methane production when the feed was supplemented with an additive based on vitamins and minerals....
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Developing countries; Mesophilic; Nutrients removal; Reactor design; Sewage.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582009000200007
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"EDUCATING THE NEXT GENERATION OF OCEANOGRAPHERS" IN REGIONAL SCHOOLS ON THE CULTURE AND INTERNATIONAL LANGUAGE OF SCIENCE Gayana
Young,Helen; Stuardo,José R.; Jones,Ian S.F..
This paper addresses the question of why the intellectual leadership of Oceanography is currently vested in developed countries while it is argued that developing countries have greater needs for the outcomes of Oceanography. The norms of the research science culture are discussed. These norms are not embedded in the culture of some developing regions but are central to western industrial societies. English language, as a carrier of the culture of science, is identified as a key element in enabling graduates to be leaders in their region and players on the international stage. The prospect of regional schools of excellence to educate indigenous graduates in Oceanography is explored as a way of empowering developing country professionals and of halting the...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Oceanography; Graduate education; English as second language; Scientific culture; Leadership; Developing countries.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-65382002000200008
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Lakes water quality monitoring and management programme in developing countries OceanDocs
Mutia, Silas M.
Developing Countries face an array of traditional and modern lakes water quality problems ranging from faecal contamination to toxic chemicals. Moreover, they do so in an economic environment that is severely restricted, an institutional environment which is often poorly structured, and for which the modern scientific knowledge base is frequently poorly understood and applied. Agencies in many developing countries recognize this as major impediment to sustainable development, especially as water quality has become one of the leading economic issues for the purposes of development and investment. Generally water quality programmes tend to suffer from traditional approaches, both of methodology and legal/administrative. The Consequence is that many...
Tipo: Proceedings Paper Palavras-chave: Water quality; Water resources; Water management; Resource development; Water pollution; Environmental monitoring; Inland waters; Water reservoirs; Freshwater lakes; Developing countries; Water quality; Water resources; Resource development; Environmental monitoring; Water management; Water pollution; Inland waters; Water reservoirs; Developing countries; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16061; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8325; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_28018; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37876; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8320; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8321; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3876; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8324; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2222.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1474
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Financing EU Distant Water Fishing in Developing countries OceanDocs
Gorez, B..
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Distant water fisheries; Developing countries.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/874
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Reaching IODE's Target Audience: Implementation Action of new Technologies and Developing Countries or how to Involve them in Cyberspace OceanDocs
The last 10 years have witnessed a revolution in the handling of both data and information through the widespread availability of personal computers. Increasingly, data and information about data collections are being produced in electronic form. The latest advances are in the realm of data and information delivery. Here, the proliferation in the use of CD ROMs is giving everyone who has a modest computer and CD ROM reader the ability to access large archives of both data and information, instantly. There is also, of course, the rapid advances in electronic networks and their linking via the Internet as a conduit between global data and information providers and users. All of this technology does not automatically make for an improved global data and...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Oceanographic data; Developing countries.
Ano: 1995 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1608
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The knowledge base for fisheries management in developing countries - alternative approaches and methods OceanDocs
Degnbol, P..
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Fisheries management; Developing countries.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/802
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Adaptation to Climate Change in the Developing World OceanDocs
Huq, S.; Adger, W.N.; Brown, K.; Hulme, M..
The world’s climate is changing and will continue to change into the coming century at rates projected to be unprecedented in recent human history. The risks associated with these changes are real but highly uncertain. Societal vulnerability to the risks associated with climate change may exacerbate ongoing social and economic challenges, particularly for those parts of societies dependent on resources that are sensitive to changes in climate. Risks are apparent in agriculture, fisheries and many other components that constitute the livelihood of rural populations in developing countries. In this paper we explore the nature of risk and vulnerability in the context of climate change and review the evidence on present-day adaptation in developing countries...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Vulnerability; Climate change; Environmental policy; Developing countries; Climate change; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35367.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/833
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HOW AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AFFECTS URBAN POVERTY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE CASE OF CHINA AgEcon
Fan, Shenggen; Fang, Cheng; Zhang, Xiaobo.
This paper develops a framework to measure the impact of agricultural research on urban poverty. Increased investments in agricultural R&D can lower food prices by increasing food production, and lower food prices benefit the urban poor because they often spend more than 60% of their income on food. Application of the framework to China shows that these food price effects are large and that the benefits for the urban poor have been about as large as the benefits for the rural poor.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Developing countries; China; Agricultural research; Urban; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16123
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The Health Impacts of Exposure to Indoor Air Pollution from Solid Fuels in Developing Countries: Knowledge, Gaps, and Data Needs AgEcon
Ezzati, Majid; Kammen, Daniel M..
Globally, almost three billion people rely on biomass (wood, charcoal, crop residues, and dung) and coal as their primary source of domestic energy. Exposure to indoor air pollution from the combustion of solid fuels has been implicated, with varying degrees of evidence, as a causal agent of disease and mortality in developing countries. We review the current knowledge on the relationship between indoor air pollution and disease, and on the assessment of interventions for reducing exposure and disease. Our review takes an environmental health perspective and considers the details of both exposure and health effects that are needed for successful intervention strategies. We also identify knowledge gaps and detailed research questions that are essential for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Household energy; Developing countries; Exposure assessment; Exposure-response relationship; Indoor air pollution; Intervention; Public health; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10864
Registros recuperados: 123
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