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| Morgenstern, Richard D.. |
| Both theory and recent trends suggest some optimism for the future of environment-related taxes. While new research emphasizes the potentially significant distortions created by environmental taxes and appears to undermine the so-called "double dividend" theory, it also suggests that virtually any environmental policy, including regulations, taxes, and tradable permits, can compound existing distortions in the tax system. Currently, direct environmental taxes, such as per-unit charges on emissions, are only in limited use; however, indirect environmental levies, including taxes on fuels, vehicles, beverage containers, and fertilizers, are growing in importance across the OECD nations. Over the period 1990-1993, environmental taxes as a share of total... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental taxes; Double dividend; Distortions; Tax shifts; Environmental Economics and Policy; D62; H21; H23. |
| Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10595 |
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| McCalla, Alex F.. |
| The World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Agriculture was signed in June 1994. It accomplished two things: it brought agricultural trade under the rules of WTO, and it set schedules for reducing barriers to trade under the three pillars of liberalization--market access, export assistance, and domestic support. Nine years later there has been precious little liberalization. The new Doha Round has ambitious objectives for agricultural trade liberalization. However, given recent behavior by rich developed countries, it seems unlikely that developing countries will get increased access to Northern markets or reduced competition from subsidized exports, despite their now representing a majority of WTO members. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Barriers; Distortions; Improved access; Liberalization; Policy; Protection; WTO; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31067 |
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