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| Twyman, Chasca; Department of Geography, University of Sheffield; Sheffield Centre for International Drylands Research; C.Twyman@shef.ac.uk; Fraser, Evan D. G.; Department of Geography, University of Guelph; University of Leeds; frasere@uoguelph.ca; Stringer, Lindsay C.; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; l.stringer@leeds.ac.uk; Quinn, C.; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; C.H.Quinn@leeds.ac.uk; Dougill, Andrew J.; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; a.j.dougill@leeds.ac.uk; Crane, Todd A.; Technology and Agrarian Development, Wageningen University ; todd.crane@wur.nl; Sallu, Susannah M.; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; s.sallu@leeds.ac.uk. |
| The literature on drought, livelihoods, and poverty suggests that dryland residents are especially vulnerable to climate change. However, assessing this vulnerability and sharing lessons between dryland communities on how to reduce vulnerability has proven difficult because of multiple definitions of vulnerability, complexities in quantification, and the temporal and spatial variability inherent in dryland agroecological systems. In this closing editorial, we review how we have addressed these challenges through a series of structured, multiscale, and interdisciplinary vulnerability assessment case studies from drylands in West Africa, southern Africa, Mediterranean Europe, Asia, and Latin America. These case studies adopt a common vulnerability framework... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Drylands; Scenarios; Narratives; Development; Livelihoods; Poverty; Policy. |
| Ano: 2011 |
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| de Vente, Joris; Spanish National Research Council (CEBAS-CSIC); joris@cebas.csic.es; Reed, Mark S.; Institute for Agri-Food Research and Innovation and Centre for Rural Economy, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University; mark.reed@newcastle.ac.uk; Stringer, Lindsay C.; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; l.stringer@leeds.ac.uk; Valente, Sandra; Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro; sandra.valente@ua.pt. |
| Although the design of participatory processes to manage social-ecological systems needs to be adapted to local contexts, it is unclear which elements of process design might be universal. We use empirical evidence to analyze the extent to which context and process design can enable or impede stakeholder participation and facilitate beneficial environmental and social outcomes. To explore the role of design and minor variations in local context on the outcomes of participatory processes, we interviewed participants and facilitators from 11 case studies in which different process designs were used to select sustainable land management options in Spain and Portugal. We analyzed interview data using quantitative and qualitative approaches. Results showed that... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Drylands; Environmental management; Land degradation; Social learning; Stakeholder engagement; Sustainable land management. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Puy, Arnald; Institute of Geography, University of Cologne; Maritime Civilizations Department, Recanati Institute for Maritime Studies, University of Haifa; arnald.puy@gmail.com; Biagetti, Stefano; Complexity and Socio-Ecological dynamics (CaSEs), Spain; Departament d'Humanitats, Universitat Pompeu Fabra; School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies (GAES), University of the Witwatersrand; stefano.biagetti@upf.edu. |
| To gain insights on long-term social-ecological resilience, we examined adaptive responses of small-scale societies to dryland-related hazards in different regions and chronological periods, spanning from the mid-Holocene to the present. Based on evidence from Africa (Sahara and Sahel), Asia (south margin of the Thar desert), and Europe (South Spain), we discuss key traits and coping practices of small-scale societies that are potentially relevant for building resilience. The selected case studies illustrate four main coping mechanisms: mobility and migration, storage, commoning, and collective action driven by religious beliefs. Ultimately, the study of resilience in the context of drylands emphasizes the importance of adaptive traits and practices that... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Coping mechanisms; Drylands; Resilience; Social-ecological systems; Sustainability; Traditional ecological knowledge. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Mora,Freddy; Perret,Sandra; Scapim,Carlos Alberto; Arnhold,Emmanuel. |
| Acacia species have valuable agronomic characteristics, such as the tolerance to unfavorable environmental conditions. In this study, genetic parameters and selection response in Acacia saligna shrubs were investigated in two arid environments of northern Chile: Cuz-Cuz and El Tangue. The quantitative traits were assessed in 5 year-old shrubs. A Bayesian approach, implemented using Gibbs sampling algorithm, was used in the data analysis. The tree survival was 87.3% and 81.8% in Cuz-Cuz and El Tangue, respectively, confirming the potential of A. saligna in northern Chile. The estimates of posterior mode of the heritability ranged from h2=0.13 (survival) to h2=0.25 (shrub crown diameter). Estimated genetic gain (individual tree selection) ranged from 6 to... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Drylands; Fodder production; Acacia saligna; Multipurpose trees; Bayesian analysis. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000200001 |
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