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Camplesi Jr,M.; Bortoli,V.C.de; Soares,V. de Paula; Nogueira,R.L.; Zangrossi Jr.,H.. |
The escape response to electrical or chemical stimulation of the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter (DPAG) has been associated with panic attacks. In order to explore the validity of the DPAG stimulation model for the study of panic disorder, we determined if the aversive consequences of the electrical or chemical stimulation of this midbrain area can be detected subsequently in the elevated T-maze. This animal model, derived from the elevated plus-maze, permits the measurement in the same rat of a generalized anxiety- and a panic-related defensive response, i.e., inhibitory avoidance and escape, respectively. Facilitation of inhibitory avoidance, suggesting an anxiogenic effect, was detected in male Wistar rats (200-220 g) tested in the elevated T-maze 30... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Panic disorder; Anxiety; Elevated T-maze; Dorsal periaqueductal gray stimulation. |
Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012001100005 |
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Nascimento,J.O.G.; Zangrossi Jr.,H.; Viana,M.B.. |
The medial hypothalamus is part of a neurobiological substrate controlling defensive behavior. It has been shown that a hypothalamic nucleus, the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH), is involved in the regulation of escape, a defensive behavior related to panic attacks. The role played by the DMH in the organization of conditioned fear responses, however, is less clear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of reversible inactivation of the DMH with the GABA A agonist muscimol on inhibitory avoidance acquisition and escape expression by male Wistar rats (approximately 280 g in weight) tested in the elevated T-maze (ETM). In the ETM, inhibitory avoidance, a conditioned defensive response, has been associated with generalized anxiety disorder. Results... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other |
Palavras-chave: Muscimol; Generalized anxiety disorder; Panic disorder; Dorsomedial hypothalamus; Elevated T-maze. |
Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2010000900009 |
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Conde,C.; Costa,V.; Tomaz,C.. |
The possibility of the presence of inter-individual emotional differences and the memory performance of rats was examined in the elevated T-maze. Two kinds of aversively motivated behaviors, inhibitory avoidance and escape learning, were measured. Based on the number of trials to achieve a learning criterion, rats were divided into two subgroups with either low or high avoidance reactivity (LAR or HAR, respectively). Retention test avoidance latencies showed that HAR animals had better avoidance memory (Mann-Whitney rank sum test, P = 0.0035). No such differences were found for the escape component of this test. These data suggest that individual emotional differences affect inhibitory avoidance performance, which may help to explain the dispersion of the... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other |
Palavras-chave: Elevated T-maze; High and low avoidance rats; Anxiety; Emotional reactivity. |
Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000000200012 |
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Hatano,V.Y.; Torricelli,A.S.; Giassi,A.C.C.; Coslope,L.A.; Viana,M.B.. |
Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown (Verbenaceae) is widely used in different regions of Central and South America as a tranquilizer. The plant’s anxiolytic properties, however, merit investigation. The present study evaluated the effects of repeated daily (14 days) intraperitoneal (ip) treatment with an essential oil (EO) from a chemotype of L. alba (LA, chemotype II, 12.5 and 25 mg/kg; N = 6-8) and (R)-(-)-carvone (25 mg/kg; N = 8-12), the main constituent of this chemotype, on male Wistar rats (weighing 250 g at the beginning of the experiments) submitted to the elevated T-maze (ETM). The ETM allows the measurement of two defensive responses: inhibitory avoidance and one-way escape. In terms of psychopathology, these responses have been related to... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other |
Palavras-chave: Lippia alba; Essential oil; Carvone; Anxiety; Elevated T-maze. |
Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012000300009 |
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