SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Wiezel,Gisele A; Bordon,Karla CF; Silva,Ronivaldo R; Gomes,Mário SR; Cabral,Hamilton; Rodrigues,Veridiana M; Ueberheide,Beatrix; Arantes,Eliane C.

Abstract Background: Lachesis muta rhombeata is one of the venomous snakes of medical importance in Brazil whose envenoming is characterized by local and systemic effects which may produce even shock and death. Its venom is mainly comprised of serine and metalloproteinases, phospholipases A2 and bradykinin-potentiating peptides. Based on a previously reported fractionation of L. m. rhombeata venom (LmrV), we decided to perform a subproteome analysis of its major fraction and investigated a novel component present in this venom. Methods: LmrV was fractionated through molecular exclusion chromatography and the main fraction (S5) was submitted to fibrinogenolytic activity assay and fractionated by reversed-phase chromatography. The N-terminal sequences of...

Delayed double reading of whole blood clotting test (WBCT) results at 20 and 30 minutes enhances diagnosis and treatment of viper evenomation

Palavras-chave: Bushmaster; Snake venom; SVSP; Kallikrein-like; Plasminogen activator; Kininogenase; Lectin; Protease; Envenomation.

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992019000100307

Benjamin,Jordan Max; Chippaux,Jean-Philippe; Sambo,Bio Tamou; Massougbodji,Achille.

Abstract Background The whole blood clotting test (WBCT) is a simple test of coagulation that is often used in the assessment, diagnosis, and therapeutic monitoring of snakebite patients in sub-Saharan Africa. WBCT requires only a clean glass tube and several milliliters of venous blood and is ideal for use in poorly equipped health centers throughout the rural areas where 95% of snakebites occur. However, questions surrounding the accuracy and reliability of the test remain unanswered due to variations in testing conditions and a lack of comparative research with which to validate them. This is the first study to evaluate WBCT results at both 20-min (WBCT20) and 30-min (WBCT30) reading times in the same group of snakebite patients. Methods In order to...

Ethnomedicinal plants used for snakebite treatments in Ethiopia: a comprehensive overview

Palavras-chave: Africa; Snakebite; Echis; Envenomation; Whole blood clotting test; WBCT; Venom-induced consumption coagulopathy; Carpet viper; Saw-scaled viper.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992018000100308

Yirgu,Abraham; Chippaux,Jean-Philippe.

Abstract Traditional medicine plays an important role in the daily lives of people living in rural parts of Ethiopia. Despite the fact that Ethiopia has a long history of using traditional medicinal plants as an alternative medicine source, there is no checklist compiling these plants used for snakebite treatment. This review collected and compiled available knowledge on and practical usage of such plants in the country. A literature review on medicinal plants used to treat snakebites was conducted from 67 journal articles, PhD dissertation and MSc theses available online. Data that summarize scientific and folk names, administration methods, plant portion used for treatment and method of preparation of recipes were organized and analyzed based on citation...

Epidemiological profile of snakebites in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2001-2006

Palavras-chave: Ethnobotany; Medicinal plant; Traditional treatment; Snakebite; Envenomation; Sub-Saharan Africa; Ethiopia.

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992019000100205

Machado,C; Bochner,R; Fiszon,JT.

All snakebites registered in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, between 2001 and 2006 were analyzed. Of these, the snake species involved was identified in 2,431 cases, most of which were caused by Bothrops (2,347). Most victims were male (78.4%) and the age group most frequently attacked was between 20 and 39 years (38.4%). As for severity, 1,118 (45.9%) were classified as minor, 748 (30.7%) as moderate, and 209 (8.6%) as severe. Progression towards complete cure occurred in 1,567 patients; 39 had sequelae; three died; and clinical outcomes were not monitored in 822 cases. The time between bite and first medical attention was less than three hours in 74.6% of cases. Most occurred in municipalities with vast areas of preserved Atlantic Forest: Angra dos Reis...

Immediate radical fang mark ablation may allow treatment of japanese viper bite without antivenom

Palavras-chave: Snakebites; Envenomation; Snake bite epidemiology; Information systems.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992012000200012

Fujioka,M; Oka,K; Kitamura,R; Yakabe,A; Ito,M.

Administration of antivenom is currently the standard treatment for snake envenomation. However, it can sometimes cause anaphylactic reactions including urticaria, bronchospasm and hypotension. Furthermore, it may also provoke life-threatening complications, even though the mortality rate is less than 1%. In this study, we present a new treatment - immediate radical fang mark ablation - that was successfully performed on five victims of Japanese viper bites without antivenom use. In these five victims of venomous snakebites, surgical debridement was immediately performed. Two patients received a free-skin graft to resurface their wounds while three of them healed conservatively (i.e. by ointment treatment without surgery). After treatment, all patients...

Antivenom reversal of biochemical alterations induced by black scorpion Heterometrus fastigiousus Couzijn venom in mice

Palavras-chave: Ablation; Viper bite; Antivenom; Fang mark; Envenomation.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992009000100016

Chaubey,MK.

In the present study, Heterometrus fastigiousus venom (HFV) was employed as antigen to produce species-specific scorpion antivenom (SAV) in albino mice (NIH) strain. To determine SAV efficacy, it was pre-incubated with 10 LD50 of HFV and then injected subcutaneously into mice. Subsequently, mortality was observed after 24 hours. Minimum effective dose (MED) was 12.5 LD50 of HFV/mL of SAV. SAV effectiveness to reverse HFV-induced biochemical alterations in mice was analyzed by challenge method. Simultaneously, mice received subcutaneously 40% of 24-hour-LD50 of HFV and intravenously SAV. After four hours, changes in serum glucose, free amino acids, uric acids, pyruvic acid, cholesterol, total protein, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, lactic...

Envenomation by the Malagasy colubrid snake Langaha madagascariensis

Palavras-chave: Venom; Antivenom; Envenomation; Heterometrus fastigiousus; Serotherapy.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992009000200006

D'Cruze,NC.

This report documents a case of envenomation by a Malagasy opisthoglyphous snake, Langaha madagascariensis. The snake bit the finger of a healthy adult man who was attempting to record its morphological measurements as part of a biodiversity survey which was being conducted in the extreme north of Madagascar. Symptoms of this case included severe local pain accompanied by observable swelling which lasted for several days. The present observations indicate that bite by L. madagascariensis potentially causes notable physiological effects in humans although the snake is generally calm and reluctant to bite unless provoked.

Epidemiology of snakebites in Kédougou region (eastern Senegal): comparison of various methods for assessment of incidence and mortality

Palavras-chave: Madagascar; Colubrid; Langaha madagascariensis; Envenomation; Opisthoglyph; Duvernoy's glands.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992008000300014

Lam,Absa; Camara,Bouna; Kane,Oumar; Diouf,Amadou; Chippaux,Jean-Philippe.

Abstract Background Although considered a public health issue in Senegal, the actual incidence and mortality from snakebite are not known. In the present study, an epidemiological survey was carried out in Kédougou region, southeastern Senegal, where envenomations, particularly by Echisocellatus, are frequent and severe. Methods Three sources of data were used: records from health centers and reports by health professionals; traditional healers; and household surveys. Results The annual incidence and mortality provided by health centers were 24.4 envenomations and 0.24 deaths per 100,000 population, respectively. The annual incidence recorded by traditional healers was 250 bites per 100,000 inhabitants, but the number of deaths was unknown. Finally,...

Snakebites in Turkey: epidemiological and clinical aspects between the years 1995 and 2004

Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Snakebite; Envenomation; Senegal; Incidence.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100307

Cesaretli,Y; Ozkan,O.

The venom of poisonous snakes comprises a complex mixture of several proteins with other less significant constituents, resulting in principles capable of changing viable tissues. The hemotoxic factor is the main responsible for necrosis and tissue sloughing. Envenomations are common in rural areas of Turkey caused by snake species that present hepatotoxic venom, which causes local swelling, ecchymosis and alterations in blood profile. The epidemiological and clinical findings of snake envenomations in Turkey were evaluated based on data recorded by the National Poison Information Center (NPIC) between 1995 and 2004, in a total of 550 snakebite cases. The month of peak incidence was June (24.3%) while most incidents occurred in Marmara, Central Anatolia...

Envenomation caused by Rhopalurus amazonicus Lourenço, 1986 (Scorpiones, Buthidae) in Pará State, Brazil

Palavras-chave: Snakebite; Envenomation; Clinical features; Epidemiology; Turkey.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992010000400007

Fuentes-Silva,Deyanira; Santos Jr,Alfredo P; Oliveira,Joacir Stolarz.

Scorpions, mainly those belonging to the genus Tityus cause many deaths and injuries in Brazil, with tens of thousands of envenomations notified every year. However, injuries involving other scorpion species are scarcely registered. Among the sixteen species of the genus Rhopalurus, Thorell, 1876, described up to date, nine are found in this country, with only a confirmed case of human envenomation provoked by R. agamemnonKoch, 1839. The present case reports, for the first time, a case of scorpion sting in a human victim involving Rhopalurus amazonicus, endemic species of the west region of the Pará state, Amazon, Brazil. The symptoms of envenomation were local pain and paresthesia. This study contributes to develop the knowledge on venomous scorpions,...

Scorpionism by Tityus silvestris in eastern Brazilian Amazon

Palavras-chave: Scorpion sting; Rhopalurus amazonicus; Venomous animals; Envenomation; Brazilian Amazon; Pará.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992014000200509

Coelho,Johne Souza; Ishikawa,Edna Aoba Yassui; Santos,Paulo Roberto Silva Garcez dos; Pardal,Pedro Pereira de Oliveira.

Abstract Background Scorpionism is a serious public health problem in Brazil. Although cases of envenomation by scorpions are frequent in Brazil, Tityus silvestris – found throughout the Amazon region – is considered of minor medical significance and with only a few descriptions in the literature. This article aims to describe for the first time the epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations of scorpion stings by T. silvestris that occurred in eastern Brazilian Amazon. Methods A prospective and observational study was carried out on 13 confirmed cases of T. silvestris envenomation registered from 2007 to 2011 in the cities of Belém and Ananindeua, Pará state, Brazil. Results The stings occurred mainly during daytime, at domiciliary...

Snakebite in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso: illustration of realities and challenges for care based on a clinical case

Palavras-chave: Scorpion sting; Scorpionism; Tityus silvestris; Envenomation; Eastern Brazilian Amazon.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100317

Kyelem,CG; Yaméogo,TM; Ouédraogo,SM; Zoungrana,J; Poda,GEA; Rouamba,MM; Ouangré,A; Kissou,SA; Rouamba,A.

We report herein the case of 19-year-old female farmer who suffered a double snakebite on the right foot. After an unsuccessful traditional treatment, she consulted a health center, 48 hours after the bite. Upon arrival at the hospital, she showed signs of severe damage, including hemorrhagic syndrome, extensive gangrene of the bitten limb and severe acute renal failure. Due to financial constraints, neither antivenom nor the scheduled amputation was performed. After 35 days of hospitalization, she returned home, against the advice of medical personnel. Our case summarizes the daily challenges of patients and practitioners that suffer snakebite envenomation in Bobo-Dioulasso, western Burkina Faso.

Reversible atrial fibrillation following Crotalinae envenomation

Palavras-chave: Envenomation; Snakebite; Management; Burkina Faso; Sub-Saharan Africa.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992012000400021

Quan,Dan; Zurcher,Kenneth.

Abstract Background Cardiotoxicity is a documented complication of Crotalinae envenomation. Reported cardiac complications following snake envenomation have included acute myocardial infarction, electrocardiogram abnormalities and arrhythmias. Few reports exist describing arrhythmia induced by viper envenomation and to our knowledge none describe arrhythmia induced by Crotalinae envenomation. This report concerns the first known case of atrial fibrillation precipitated by rattlesnake bite. Case presentation A 73-year-old Caucasian man with a past medical history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and a baseline first-degree atrioventricular block presented to the emergency department following a rattlesnake bite to his left lower...

Envenomation by the madagascan colubrid snake, Ithycyphus miniatus

Palavras-chave: Crotalidae; Rattlesnake; Bite; Envenomation; Snakebite; Atrial fibrillation.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992017000100503

Mori,A.; Mizuta,T..

We report two cases of envenomation by a Madagascan opisthoglyphous snake, Ithycyphus miniatus. In both cases, the snake bit the finger of a human who was preparing an experiment by tying a string around the snake body. Symptoms of the first case included temporal severe local pain and extensive bleeding. In the second case, severe pain accompanying obvious local swelling was caused and lasted for several hours. The present observations indicate that bite by I. miniatus potentially causes serious physiological effects in humans although the snake is basically calm and reluctant to bite.

Envenomation caused by Latrodectus geometricus in São Paulo state, Brazil: a case report

Palavras-chave: Madagascar; Colubrid; Ithycyphus miniatus; Envenomation; Opisthoglyph; Duvernoy's glands.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992006000300013

Almeida,Ramb; Ferreira Junior,RS; Chaves,CR; Barraviera,B.

Widow spiders (Latrodectus spp.), also known as "black widows", have a worldwide distribution and can cause latrodectism. To the best of our knowledge, in Brazil, only one case of Latrodectus geometricus (Koch, 1841) envenomation in a human has been reported. The aim of the present report is to describe a spider bite caused by Latrodectus geometricus in a patient who lives in Paranapanema, São Paulo state, Brazil.

The 6th international conference on envenomation by Snakebites and Scorpion Stings in Africa: a crucial step for the management of envenomation

Palavras-chave: Latrodectus geometricus; Envenomation; Latrodectism; Brown widow.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992009000300016

Chippaux,Jean-Philippe; Akaffou,Marc Hermann; Allali,Bernard Kouadio; Dosso,Mireille; Massougbodji,Achille; Barraviera,Benedito.

Abstract During the 6th International Conference on Envenomation by Snakebites and Scorpion Stings in Africa held in Abidjan, from 1 to 5 June 2015, the measures for the management of envenomation were discussed and new recommendations were adopted by the participants. The high incidence and severity of this affliction were confirmed by several studies conducted in African countries. The poor availability of antivenom, particularly because of the cost, was also highlighted. Some experiences have been reported, mainly those regarding the financial support of antivenom in Burkina Faso (more than 90 %) and Togo (up to 60 %) or the mandatory reporting of cases in Cameroon. Key recommendations concerned: improvement of epidemiological information based on case...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other

Palavras-chave: Envenomation; Antivenom; Epidemiology; Drug policy; Africa.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100101

Snakebites notified to the poison control center of Morocco between 2009 and 2013

Chafiq,Fouad; Hattimy,Faiçal El; Rhalem,Naima; Chippaux,Jean-Philippe; Soulaymani,Abdelmajid; Mokhtari,Abdelrhani; Soulaymani-Bencheikh,Rachida.

Abstract Background Snakebites cause considerable death and injury throughout the globe, particularly in tropical regions, and pose an important yet neglected threat to public health. In 2008, the Centre Anti Poison et de Parmacovigilance du Maroc (CAPM) started to set up a specific strategy for the control of snakebites that was formalized in 2012. The aim of the present study is to describe and update the epidemiological characteristics of snakebites notified to CAPM between 2009 and 2013. Methods This retrospective five-year study included all cases of snakebites notified to CAPM by mail or phone. Results During the study period, 873 snakebite cases were reported to CAPM, an average incidence of 2.65 cases per 100,000 inhabitants with 218 cases...

Epidemiology of envenomations by terrestrial venomous animals in Brazil based on case reporting: from obvious facts to contingencies

Palavras-chave: Snakebite; Envenomation; Viper; Morocco; Epidemiology.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100308

Chippaux,Jean-Philippe.

A clinical trial protocol to treat massive Africanized honeybee (Apis mellifera) attack with a new apilic antivenom

Palavras-chave: Envenomation; Snakes; Scorpions; Spiders; Caterpillars; Africanized bees; Brazil; Epidemiology.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992015000100319

Barbosa,Alexandre Naime; Boyer,Leslie; Chippaux,Jean-Philippe; Medolago,Natalia Bronzatto; Caramori,Carlos Antonio; Paixão,Ariane Gomes; Poli,João Paulo Vasconcelos; Mendes,Mônica Bannwart; Santos,Lucilene Delazari dos; Ferreira Jr,Rui Seabra; Barraviera,Benedito.

Abstract Background Envenomation caused by multiple stings from Africanized honeybees Apis mellifera constitutes a public health problem in the Americas. In 2015, the Brazilian Ministry of Health reported 13,597 accidents (incidence of seven cases per 100,000 inhabitants) with 39 deaths (lethality of 0.25%). The toxins present in the venom, which include melittin and phospholipase A2, cause lesions in diverse organs and systems that may be fatal. As there has been no specific treatment to date, management has been symptomatic and supportive only. Methods In order to evaluate the safety and neutralizing capacity of a new apilic antivenom, as well as to confirm its lowest effective dose, a clinical protocol was developed to be applied in a multicenter,...

Potential envenomation by the aglyphous pseudoxyrhophiine snake Leioheterodon madagascariensis and description of its dentition

Palavras-chave: Apis mellifera; Bee venom; Toxins; Envenomation; Heterologous serum; Apilic antivenom; Bee antivenom.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992017000100309

Razafimahatratra,Bertrand; Wang,Cynthia; Mori,Akira; Glaw,Frank.

Abstract We report on a case of potential envenomation caused by multiple bites by the aglyphous opisthodont snake Leioheterodon madagascariensis in the left thumb of a healthy adult man, which is among the most serious snakebites hitherto reported from Madagascar. The adult snake (total length > 1 meter) was unusually aggressive before and during capture. The symptoms included extensive bleeding, severe local pain, and substantial swelling of the hand and the distal part of the lower arm. The swelling disappeared entirely after five days, but pain in the thumb (when moved) was recognizable even longer. Although L. madagascariensis is widespread and common in anthropogenic habitats in eastern and western Madagascar, this case report seems to be the...