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	Provedor de dados AgEcon (17) Autor Michaelowa, Katharina (3) Hefeker, Carsten (2) Abdulai, Awudu (1) Anwar, Mumtaz (1) Barrett, Christopher B. (1) Bazilian, Morgan (1) Borrmann, Axel (1) Carvalho, Maria da Graça (1) Deuss, Annelies (1) Gounder, Rukmani (1) Gualberti, Giorgio (1) Haites, Erik (1) Hallegatte, Stephane (1) Harms, Philipp (1) Jayne, Thomas S. (1) Kuhlgatz, Christian (1) Lloyd, Tim A. (1) Lutz, Matthias (1) Macias, Jose Brambila (1) Massa, Isabella (1) Mais... Palavra-chave F35 (17) Food Security and Poverty (5) International Relations/Trade (5) International Development (4) O19 (4) D73 (3) Foreign Aid (3) Political Economy (3) Agricultural and Food Policy (2) Aid (2) D72 (2) Environmental Economics and Policy (2) F21 (2) F34 (2) Financial Economics (2) Food security (2) Foreign aid (2) H54 (2) International Trade (2) O23 (2) Mais... Tipo do documento Working or Discussion Paper (11) Conference Paper or Presentation (2) Journal Article (2) Report (1) Working Paper (1) Ano 2012 (1) 2010 (2) 2009 (1) 2008 (1) 2007 (1) 2006 (1) 2005 (3) 2004 (2) 2003 (2) 2002 (1) 2001 (1) 1995 (1) Mais... País United States (17) Idioma Inglês (17)		Ordenar por:  Relevância Autor Título Ano Registros recuperados: 17 Primeira ... 1 ... Última Modelling the Fiscal Effects of Aid: An Impulse Response Approach for Ghana AgEcon Morrissey, Oliver; Osei, Robert; Lloyd, Tim A.. An important feature of aid to developing countries is that it is given to the government. As a result aid has the potential to affect budgetary behaviour. Although the (albeit limited) aid-growth literature has addressed the effect of aid on policy, it has tended to neglect the effect of aid on the fiscal behaviour of governments. While fiscal response models have been developed to examine the effects of aid on fiscal aggregates - taxation, expenditure and borrowing - the underlying theory is ad hoc and empirical methods used are subject to severe limitations. This paper applies techniques developed in the "macroeconometrics" literature to estimate the dynamic structural relationship between aid and fiscal aggregates. Using vector autoregressive methods,... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Aid; Fiscal Response; Ghana; International Development; International Relations/Trade; F35; O23; O11; O55. Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26226 Investing in Agriculture for Growth and Food Security in the ACP Countries AgEcon Skoet, Jakob; Stamoulis, Kostas G.; Deuss, Annelies. Countries in the ACP region will face significant challenges in the years to come as they try to step up economic growth, deal with increasingly integrated world markets and meet the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), especially those focused on hunger and poverty. These efforts will take place in the face of declining external assistance and many competing demands on resources. The analysis in the paper shows that agriculture and rural economic activities are essential for growth, poverty reduction and food security especially for the poorer countries in the region. However trends in public resource mobilisation for agriculture and rural development (in terms of both domestic spending and Official Development Assistance) do not reflect that important... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: ACP countries; Hunger; Agriculture; Rural development; Food security; Resource mobilisation.; Food Security and Poverty; F35; H54; H55; Q18; R11; O12. Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23802 India's Reform of External Sector Policies and Future Multilateral Trade Negotiations AgEcon Srinivasan, T.N.. I evaluate India's transition from an inward-oriented development strategy to greater participation in the world economy. While tariff rates have decreased significantly over the past decade, India is still one of the more autarkic countries. Despite improvement over the past in export performance, India continues to lag behind its South- and East Asian neighbors. Second, official debt flows have been largely replaced by foreign direct investment (FDI) and portfolio investment in the 1990s. India's ability to attract FDI would be greatly enhanced by further reforms. I argue that India's participation in a future round of multilateral trade negotiations would benefit India. I outline the further reforms most needed: reform of labour and bankruptcy laws,... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: India; Antidumping; Developing countries; Economic reform; Export performance; Foreign direct investment; Intellectual property rights; Multilateral trade negotiations; Quantitative restrictions; Real exchange rate; Tariff and non-tariff barriers; World Trade Organization; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; F15; F21; F35; H54; K31; O34; O38; O53; P11. Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28428 Development Finance for Universal Energy Access AgEcon Gualberti, Giorgio; Bazilian, Morgan; Haites, Erik; Carvalho, Maria da Graça. The United Nations General Assembly declared 2012 the “International Year of Sustainable Energy for All”, officially recognising the urgent need to put energy at the centre of the global development agenda. In parallel, a strong international policy effort is being made to achieve the goal of universal energy access to modern energy services by 2030. To support these efforts, a dramatic scaling-up of financing to the energy sector will be required through official development aid, other official flows, climate financing and various private flows. In this paper we analyse the recent evolution of development policies and finance for the energy sector using both descriptive and analytical tools. We find that, although development finance for the energy sector... Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Development Finance; Energy Policy; Energy Access; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F35; Q40; O20. Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122009 Aid, Governance, and Private Foreign Investment: Some Puzzling Findings and a Possible Explanation AgEcon Harms, Philipp; Lutz, Matthias. Does official aid pave the road for private foreign investment or does it suffocate private initiative by diverting resources towards unproductive activities? In this paper we explore this question using data for a large number of developing and emerging economies. Controlling for countries' institutional environment, we find that, evaluated at the mean, the marginal effect of aid on private foreign investment is close to zero. Surprisingly, however, the effect is strictly positive for countries in which private agents face a substantial regulatory burden. After testing the robustness of this result, we offer a theoretical model that is able to rationalize our puzzling observation. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Aid; Foreign Direct Investment; Institutions; International Relations/Trade; F35; F21; O16; O19. Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26128 Growth, Income Inequality and Aid Giving: Looking for an Aid-Kuznets Curve AgEcon Sobhee, Sanjeev K.; Nath, Shyam. This paper contributes to the literature on foreign aid by exclusively explaining a donor’s motivation for foreign external assistance. The underlying framework focuses on recipients’ needs for foreign aid to address income inequality as and when growth occurs. A tax-subsidy policy is hypothesised in the manner advocated by optimal tax theory to effectively deal with inequity by minimizing the distortionary effects of income taxes. This framework is ultimately endogeneized in the recipient’s budget constraint, from which the donor derives the demand for foreign assistance. The outcome supports an inverted-U relationship between foreign aid and per capita income in the way postulated by the conventional Kuznets curve. Our postulate is empirically tested... Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Foreign aid; Optimal taxation; Fiscal policy; International Relations/Trade; F35; H21; E62. Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50163 Debt and Aid, War and Peace: Policy Tradeoffs in Conflict-affected Countries AgEcon Menzies, Gordon Douglas. A creditor can balance debt recovery and humanitarian goals within an optimal contract framework. The approach ties together two strands of literature that assume either creditor self-interest (Krugman 1988) or benevolence (Addison and Murshed 2003). A reservation utility for the debtor serves as a metric for creditor benevolence. The optimal hyper-incentive contract recognizes that the attainment of health, education, peace and the appeasement of foreign creditors may be conflicting goals. Forgiving debt to motivate paying creditors may therefore have the unintended effect of reducing effort devoted to winning a civil war. For a given reservation utility for the debtor, aid directly targeted towards ending a civil war is a substitute for debt forgiveness. Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Debt overhang; Debt forgiveness; Optimal contracts; Civil war; Exports; Financial Economics; F34; F35. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50148 THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN AID, POLICIES AND STATE INSTITUTIONS AgEcon Xayavong, Vilaphonh; Gounder, Rukmani; Obben, James. This paper re-examines the theoretical aid-growth nexus by expounding on the issues relating to policies designed for aid delivery and the lack of aid recipient's state institutional capability to enforce policy conditionality. Two propositions have been demonstrated to explain why policy conditionality attached to aid might not always promote sustainable economic growth in Least Developed Countries. First, the model has simulated that a stable aid flow contributes to economic growth even when aid is fungible. Second, the model has also simulated that unstable aid inflow impairs the favourable effect of stable aid inflow. It is suggested that the contribution of aid to economic growth depends not only on the ability of aid to increase investment in the... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Foreign Aid; Economic Growth; Policies; State Institutions; Food Security and Poverty; D72; D9; F35; H30. Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23704 The Impact of Financial Crises on Trade Flows: A Developing Country Perspective AgEcon Macias, Jose Brambila; Massa, Isabella; Salois, Matthew J.. The global financial crisis has hit hard international trade that dropped below levels not seen since the Great Depression with disastrous consequences for the developing world. This paper estimates an extended gravity model of trade on a sample of 83 developing countries over the period 1990-2007 to shed light on how banking crises and global economic downturns affect bilateral exports flows from developing countries. In addition to traditional variables, we include a trade finance variable and foreign aid among the regressors. Differences between developing regions are taken into account. Our results show that (i) trade finance has a positive and significant impact on bilateral export flows in all developing regions except Latin America; (ii) foreign aid... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Banking Crises; Developing Countries; Foreign Aid; Global Downturn; International Trade; Trade Finance; Mixed Effects Panel Data; Random Coefficients.; Agricultural and Food Policy; C23; F11; F12; F34; F35; G01.. Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91831 Climate Change Adaptation, Development, and International Financial Support: Lessons from EU Pre-Accession and Solidarity Funds AgEcon Przyluski, Valentin; Hallegatte, Stephane. Funding adaptation requires adequate governance and there are different ways to organise and channel the funds to where it is most efficient and most necessary. This paper investigates this issue and studies the practical implementation of a development under conditionality, namely adaptation-development, and its requirement in terms of financing architecture. To contribute to this research, it looks at similar problems that have been met in the past, namely the European funding programs for Eastern Europe countries that were candidates to adhesion, and European internal structural and cohesion funds. These funding examples provide a pertinent analogy for the adaptation problem, and most issues in adaptation finance have also been met in these funds... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Economic Development; Climate Change Adaptation; Foreign Aid; European Union; Pre-acccession and Solidarity Funds; Environmental Economics and Policy; E61; F35; O19; O2; Q54; Q56. Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98095 Confronting the Silent Challenge of Hunger: A Conference Synthesis AgEcon Jayne, Thomas S.; Tschirley, David L.; Rubey, Lawrence; Reardon, Thomas; Staatz, John M.; Weber, Michael T.. This report is a synthesis of views presented at the Confronting the Silent Challenge of Hunger USAID Conference, June 28-29, 1994. The purposes of the conference were to provide information to assist AID in defining and articulating its development strategy related to agriculture and food security, to identify issues of consensus for incorporation into future AID strategy, and to identify critical issues of ongoing debate which need to be resolved. Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads July 2008 - June 2009: 8; F35. Ano: 1995 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54699 Project Aid or Budget Aid? The Interests of Governments and Financial Institutions AgEcon Hefeker, Carsten. The paper compares different aid policy instruments and their effect on the target group. Starting from a situation where interest groups compete for the resources of the government, international financial institutions aim to change the policy outcome. They can either directly support one group or condition their financial help to the government on its policy. Apart from a normative analysis which policy is more adequate to help one group, the paper also asks what happens if the IFI is driven by bureaucratic selfinterest, and whether this distort policies. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Aid policy; Conditionality; International financial institution; Interest groups; D73; F35; O23; Financial Economics; Political Economy. Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26381 Can Process Conditionality Enhance Aid Effectiveness? The Role of Bureaucratic Interest and Public Pressure AgEcon Hefeker, Carsten; Michaelowa, Katharina. Can process conditionality really enhance poverty reduction in developing countries? This question is addressed in the framework of a politico-economic model considering political distortions both on the recipient and on the donor side. It turns out that process conditionality is a very useful tool to raise the welfare of the poor as long as the international aid organizations hold all necessary information to assess the political situation in recipient countries and to select the true representatives of the poor into a participatory process. If they do not hold this information or if other bureaucratic interests reduce their incentive to acquire this information, process conditionality loses its effectiveness in achieving the desired objective. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Poverty reduction; Process conditionality; Political economy of international organizations.; Food Security and Poverty; Political Economy; D72; D73; F35; O19. Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26389 Technology Transfer in the Non-traded Sector as a Means to Combat Global Warming AgEcon Rubbelke, Dirk T.G.; Mukherjee, Vivekananda; Sanyal, Tilak. The paper considers a situation where two countries – the North and the South – use a non-traded polluting input to produce the goods for final consumption. The North is more efficient in both, production and abatement processes. The study compares the effects of the transfer of abatement technology by the North to the South under autarky with the free trade situation, assuming that the North pre-commits to an international protocol to keep the global pollution under a fixed level. The conditions under which either full or partial technology is transferred in autarky are determined. It is shown that under free trade no such transfer is possible. With trade even though the North wants a complete transfer of technology, the South refuses it. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: GHG Emissions; Mitigation; Technology Transfer; International Trade; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; F18; F35; Q54; Q56. Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44228 What Determines Evaluation Outcomes? - Evidence from Bi- and Multilateral Development Cooperation - AgEcon Michaelowa, Katharina; Borrmann, Axel. Donor agencies invest considerable financial and human resources to evaluate the outcome of their development activities. To derive institutional conditions conducive to an efficient use of these resources, we develop a multi-level principal-agent model focusing on the various interests of the different actors involved in the evaluation process. The model highlights two central problems: (i) the aid agencies' conflicting objectives of transparency and self-legitimization, and (ii) the potential collusion between the evaluator and the project manager. Empirical evidence for the World Bank and different German donor agencies reveals concrete institutional requirements for a reduced evaluation bias and increased transparency. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Development cooperation; Evaluation; Political economy; International Development; F35; H43; D73. Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26176 Food Aid Allocation Policies: Donor Coordination and Responsiveness to the Needs of Recipient Countries AgEcon Kuhlgatz, Christian; Abdulai, Awudu; Barrett, Christopher B.. This study employs a multivariate Tobit model to investigate whether food aid flows of the main donor countries – USA, EU (Community Aid and Member States), Canada, Japan and Australia – respond to recipient countries’ needs and the extent to which the donors interact in their food aid allocation. The response of global food aid is also analyzed with a censored least absolute deviation (CLAD) model to highlight the overall performance of aggregate food aid. The empirical results generally indicate that both global and bilateral food aid are effective instruments in improving food security at the national level in recipient countries. In particular, global food aid is found to be significantly targeted to poorer countries, as well as countries facing... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food aid; Need-orientation; Donor coordination; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; F35; I38; O19; Q18. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51686 The Political Economy of US Aid to Pakistan AgEcon Anwar, Mumtaz; Michaelowa, Katharina. Variations of bilateral aid flows are difficult to explain on the basis of official development objectives or recipient need. At the example of US aid to Pakistan, this paper suggests alternative political economic explanations, notably the relevance of ethnic lobbying and the relevance of US business interests. Time series regressions for the period from 1980 to 2002 and logistic regressions based on votes for the Pressler and the Brown Amendment confirm the significance of these political economic determinants. While in case of the Pressler Amendment, the direct influence of population groups of Indian and Pakistani origins seems to have played a predominant role, the role of ethnic business lobbies appears to have dominated in the context of the Brown... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Public Choice; Ethnic lobbying; Foreign aid; International Development; Political Economy; D70; F35. Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26202 Registros recuperados: 17 Primeira ... 1 ... Última

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