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Beyond Copenhagen: A Realistic Climate Policy in a Fragmented World 31
Carraro, Carlo; Massetti, Emanuele.
We propose a realistic approach to climate policy based on the Copenhagen Agreement to reduce Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) emissions. We assess by how much the non-binding, although official, commitments to reduce emissions made in Copenhagen will affect the level of world GHGs emissions in 2020. Our estimates are based on official communications to the UNFCCC, on historic data and on the Business-as-Usual scenario of the WITCH model. We are not interested in estimating the gap between the expected level of emissions and what would be needed to achieve the 2°C target. Nor do we attempt to calculate the 2100 temperature level implied by the Copenhagen pledges. We believe these two exercises are subject to high uncertainty and would not improve the current state...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Kyoto Protocol; International Climate Agreements; Climate Policy; Clean Development Mechanism; Environmental Economics and Policy; F5; Q01; Q54; Q58.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98094
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The CAP and the EU budget: Do the ex-ante data tell the true? 31
Sotte, Franco.
The aim of this paper is to suggest the adoption of an "evidence based" approach in the analysis of CAP expenditure. The debate on CAP expenditure is generally based on ex-ante images of the budget as presented in the Multiannual Financial Framework and, before each financial year, on the budget appropriations for commitments. But this differs significantly from the actual payments as recorded ex-post in the Financial Reports. These differences are mainly concentrated on structural policies (such as regional and rural development policy), while they do not exist, or are minimal, in the mere transfer policies (such as in Pillar 1 of the CAP). Based as it is on a partial and distorted image of the expenditure, the analysis and discussion on the CAP reform is...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: CAP expenditure; Financial reports; Evidence based approach; CAP reform; Agricultural and Food Policy; H5; F5.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99835
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