| Gymnodinium breve toxins were exposed to ozone treatment in both extracted form and in intact whole cells. Samples displayed a three log reduction in the total amount for toxin (PbTx-1, -2, -3, -5, -7 and -9) recovered after ten minutes as determined by HPLC analysis. Ozone effectively killed the red tide dinoflagellates when directly contacted ozone and when exposed in a pre-ozonated ASW environment. Both samples, when examined by light microscopy, displayed little difference between the direct and indirect ozone treatments. Reduction in toxin levels directly correlated with reduction of toxicity as observed using by a fish (prinodon variegatus) bioassay. |
