SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Stallmann, Judith I.; Johnson, Thomas G.; Mwachofi, Ari; Flora, Jan L..

Human capital theory suggests that job opportunities will create incentives for human capital investment. If job information does not flow freely, or if they prefer not to move, students will make investment decisions based upon local job markets. Communities with a high percentage of low-skill jobs which do not reward high school and higher education do not create incentives for students to finish high school or continue beyond high school. Data from Virginia support this hypothesis. Targeted job creation, and improved labor market information may create incentives for increased human capital investment in many rural communities.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Dropouts; Education; Human capital; Job markets; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 1993

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15034

A decomposition of China's productivity through calibration of an endogenous growth model

Luckstead, Jeff; Choi, Seung Mo; Devadoss, Stephen; Mittelhammer, Ronald C..

Race, Equity, and Public Schools in Post-Apartheid South Africa: Is Opportunity Equal for All Kids?

Palavras-chave: China; IST; Human capital; International Development; O30.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103072

Yamauchi, Futoshi.

This paper examines dynamic changes in educational quality and equity differences in the public school system between Black and other racial groups in post-apartheid South Africa, using the ratio of learners to educators in each school, available from the School Register of Needs, 1996 and 2000. The analysis incorporates school-and community-level unobservables and the endogenous movement of learners. This paper shows that (1) the learner-educator ratios significantly differ between formerly Black and White primary and secondary schools in 1996 and 2000, and (2) in the adjustment of educators in response to changes in the number of learners in this period, there are significant differences between formerly Black and non-Black (White, Coloured, and Indian)...

L’IMPACT DU CAPITAL HUMAIN SUR LA PRODUCTIVITE AGRICOLE AU BURKINA FASO

Palavras-chave: Quality of education; Race; Apartheid; Education; Human capital; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60309

Theophile, Kabore.

Contributed Paper presented at the International Conference on Agriculture Of Ouagadougou (BURKINA FASO), December 4-6, 2010.

Natural Disasters in a Two-Sector Model of Endogenous Growth

Palavras-chave: Capital humain; Rendements; Productivité; Parcelle; Matching; Human capital; Productivity; Farm; Matching; Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis; E24; N54; Q12.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102275

Horii, Ryo; Ikefuji, Masako.

This paper studies sustainability of economic growth considering the risk of natural disasters caused by pollution in an endogenous growth model with physical and human capital accumulation. It is shown that economic growth is sustainable only if the tax rate on the polluting input is increased over time and that the long-term rate of economic growth follows an inverted V-shaped curve relative to the growth rate of the environmental tax. The social welfare is maximized under a positive steady-state growth in which faster accumulation of human capital compensates the productivity loss due to declining use of the polluting input.

DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL AS A TOOL FOR IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR – CASE OF SERBIA

Palavras-chave: Natural disasters; Human capital; Endogenous depreciation; Economic growth; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O41; O13; E22.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97337

Zubovic, Jovan; Domazet, Ivana; Stosic, Ivan.

New trends in global economy require greater capacity of the agricultural workforce. In order improve agricultural productivity it is needed to increase the level of human capital of the agrarian population. Human capital is accumulated knowledge, created in the long term process of human resources development, which begins in early stages and last all through the life, which is especially true for agricultural business. During transition Serbian economy went through major changes, with agriculture trailing to other sectors of the economy. Each farmer is producing only around 3,000 € gross added value per year, which is substantially lower than in other sectors. This paper will analyze what innovative activities are used worldwide in agriculture and give...

Main problems of agriculture and rural areas in Poland in the period of transformation and integration with European Union

Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Productivity; Human capital; Education; Reform; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57491

Zegar, Jozef St.; Florianczyk, Zbigniew.

Problems currently observed in Polish agriculture have different origins. Some of them have an historical background, while others are related to systemic transformation and forthcoming accession to the European Union. Most of the problems are common for all the candidate countries and most of them are also observed in the developed economies. Identification of these problems is the main purpose of this article. Special attention is paid to natural, human and capital resources available in rural areas. Possible development paths are pointed out. The article also covers most of the opportunities that may help overcome rural development problems in Poland in the wake of forthcoming accession, and their limitations.

Tipo: Article

Palavras-chave: Rural development; Agricultural incomes; Human capital; Sustainable development; EU enlargement; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; 01; Q01; Q18.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122354

Life Satisfaction Over Time Among Rural Low-income Mothers

Mammen, Sheila; Bauer, Jean W.; Lass, Daniel A..

Replaced with revised version of paper 11/05/09. Former title: Life Satisfaction among Rural Low-income Mothers: The Influence of Health, Human, Personal, and Social Capital

Prejudice against Female Children: Economics and Cultural Explanations, and Indian Evidence

Palavras-chave: Satisfaction with life; Rural low-income mothers; Health capital; Human capital; Personal capital; Social capital; Homeostatis; Labor and Human Capital; I30; I31; I32; I39.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47511

Tisdell, Clement A.; Regmi, Gopal.

Shows how economic theories based on parental self-interest may explain parental discrimination against daughters relative to sons. However, such theories often need to be adjusted (or even discarded) to allow for altruism of parents towards their children, and to take account of cultural influences on parental desires to have children of particular gender, and care equally for their children of different gender. The latter point is illustrated by a study of two different communities. In one situated in the Santal tribal belt I West Bengal, discrimination against daughters is found to be marked and accords (given the structure of society) with predictions of economic theories based on the pursuit of parental self-interest. By contrast, it is found that...

KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVER, LEARNING INCENTIVES AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

Palavras-chave: Child welfare; Economics of the family; Gender discrimination; Human capital; India; Kondhs; Santals; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/105581

Tsur, Yacov; Zemel, Amos.

Knowledge spillover implies that the social value of knowledge is higher than its private value and leads to insufficient private investment in human capital. This paper examines implications for economic growth and offers a remedy. An incentive mechanism that implements the socially optimal outcome is offered based on learning subsidy and flat income or consumption taxes (each levied at a different phase of the growth process). The scheme is self-financed in that the tax proceeds cover exactly the subsidy payments at each point of time.

HUMAN CAPITAL AND FARM HOUSEHOLDS: A MAP OF MANAGEMENT MODELS IN ITALY

Palavras-chave: Endogenous growth; Human capital; Knowledge spillover; Learning incentives; Linear taxes; International Development; C61; H21; O33; O38; O41.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14991

Idda, Lorenzo; Furesi, Roberto; Pulina, Pietro.

This paper is designed to verify empirically the choices that Italian farm households make when investing in human capital. Census data from the National Institute of Statistics (Istat) were used to describe the main structural and organisational characteristics of the farms. Multivariate statistical tools were used to process the information in the database, so that the different types of Italian farm households could be defined and geographically located. The results allowed us to analyse the competence endowment inside the family farm by determining the existence, the types and the strength of the relationships between the characteristics of family farms and certain variables which described the specific local environment and the human capital available...

Low Skill Employment and the Changing Economy of Rural America

Palavras-chave: Human capital; Household farms; Agricultural labour; Spatial analysis; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57415

Gibbs, Robert; Kusmin, Lorin D..

This study reports trends in rural low-skill employment in the 1990s and their impact on the rural workforce. The share of rural jobs classified as low-skill fell by 2.2 percentage points between 1990 and 2000, twice the decline of the urban low-skill employment share, but much less than the decline of the 1980s. Employment shifts from low-skill to skilled occupations within industries, rather than changes in industry mix, explain virtually all of the decline in the rural low-skill employment share. The share decline was particularly large for rural Black women, many of whom moved out of low-skill blue-collar work into service occupations, while the share of rural Hispanics who held low-skill jobs increased.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Rural labor markets; Low-skill employment; Job skills; Human capital; Industry; Occupation; Economic development; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33595

HUMAN CAPITAL AND FAMILY FARM IN THE OLIVE GROWING SYSTEM OF THE CALABRIA REGION

Nicolosi, Agata; Cambareri, Domenico; Strazzulla, Marco.

This research aims at pointing out those constrains and incentives conditioning family farm choices about investments, technical and managerial knowledge and expertness. The planned target has to be achieved through the attainment of three stages. Family farm involves a lot of people by different kind of employee relations, based mostly on a temporary work, that are often within the limits of the work rules. The organization solutions adopted by family farm produce several effects: among which investments and human capital allotment stand out. This research analyses family farm characteristics in a local rural system of the Calabria Region, as the result of the various European Community and domestic interventions and the specific physical, social and...