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Registros recuperados: 8
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Sustainability or Colonialism? Legislative obstacles to research and development of natural products and patents on traditional knowledge in Brazil Acta Botanica
Pedrollo,Camilo Tomazini; Kinupp,Valdely Ferreira.
ABSTRACTHistorically, developed countries have benefited from the biodiversity and traditional knowledge of developing countries. Since the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) was approved, the world-view regarding access to biological resources has changed. This change marked the introduction of legal agreements regarding access to genetic resources, traditional knowledge and benefit sharing, seeking a fair return for owners and local communities. Unfortunately, as with most national laws, these legal devices complicated collection programs and research initiatives, and diminished the emphasis on the discovery of natural products. There remains a lack of discussion on the establishment of a fair international market value for the access to genetic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Community-based conservation; Ecosystem management; Ethics; Human rights; Politics and policy.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062015000300452
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Infancia migrante transfronteriza, trabajo infantil y derechos humanos : zona cafetalera, Soconusco, Chiapas. Colegio de Postgraduados
Ramírez Ramos, Laura Itzel.
El sistema capitalista ha generado dinámicas de desprotección humana que obligan a grandes conglomerados de personas a buscar estrategias que les aseguren mínimos de subsistencia. Este es el caso de las y los jornaleros migrantes guatemaltecos en la frontera sur de México, para quienes la migración y el trabajo infantil, su estrategia, los expone a contextos de alta vulnerabilidad en donde la violación de sus derechos humanos es recurrente. En este marco contextual el objetivo de la presente investigación es aportar datos cuantitativos y cualitativos que describan las características del trabajo infantil, el derecho a la salud y educación de niños y niñas migrantes guatemaltecos en tres fincas cafetaleras en la zona del Soconusco, Chiapas, espacio...
Palavras-chave: Migración laboral; Trabajo infantil; Género; Derechos humanos; Chiapas; Guatemala; Labor migration; Child labor; Gender; Human rights; Desarrollo Rural; Maestría.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1878
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REDD+ and Human Rights: Addressing Synergies between International Regimes Ecology and Society
Savaresi, Annalisa; School of Law, University of Edinburgh; annalisa.savaresi@ed.ac.uk.
The making of the REDD+ mechanism in the framework of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has raised specific concerns on how to reconcile incentives for forest carbon sequestration with the protection of the rights of the numerous communities that rely upon forests for their livelihood, shelter, and survival. Although the nascent REDD+ mechanism provides an opportunity to provide multiple benefits, the design of a framework to secure such benefits and avoid perverse outcomes has proven complex. I provide an overview of progress toward the establishment of such framework, arguing that concerns over the social impact of REDD+ activities may be addressed by resorting to clearer and stronger links with human rights instruments.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article Palavras-chave: Climate change; FLEGT; Forests; Human rights; Nagoya Protocol; REDD+.
Ano: 2013
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Rights for resilience: food sovereignty, power, and resilience in development practice Ecology and Society
Walsh-Dilley, Marygold; Honors College, University of New Mexico; marygoldwd@unm.edu; Wolford, Wendy; Department of Development Sociology, Cornell University; www43@cornell.edu; McCarthy, James; Graduate School of Geography, Clark University; jamccarthy@clarku.edu.
Even as resilience thinking becomes evermore popular as part of strategic programming among development and humanitarian organizations, uncertainty about how to define, operationalize, measure, and evaluate resilience for development goals prevails. As a result, many organizations and institutions have undertaken individual, collective, and simultaneous efforts toward clarification and definition. This has opened up a unique opportunity for a rethinking of development practices. The emergent consensus about what resilience means within development practice will have important consequences both for development practitioners and the communities in which they work. Incorporating resilience thinking into development practice has the potential to radically...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis Palavras-chave: Development; Food sovereignty; Human rights; Resilience; Social justice.
Ano: 2016
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O contexto da paz, justiça e instituições eficazes. Infoteca-e
STUCHI, J. F.; JESUS, I. R. D. de; DINIZ, F. H..
Em 1948 a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos foi proclamada pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) visando estabelecer um padrão comum de justiça, considerando os direitos individuais e coletivos, para todas as pessoas de todas as nações. Assim, sendo o documento mais traduzido no mundo, constitui a base de sociedades pacíficas e do desenvolvimento sustentável duradouro; também estabelece a igualdade e reconhece a dignidade de toda humanidade, tornando os governos responsáveis por garantir que as pessoas possam desfrutar seus direitos e liberdades inalienáveis. A ONU, em sinergia com esses direitos fundamentais, acrescenta que a paz e o acesso à justiça não são apenas aspirações humanas fundamentais, mas pedras angulares do desenvolvimento...
Tipo: Parte de livro Palavras-chave: Direitos humanos; Justiça social; Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Cooperação Internacional; Sustainable development; International cooperation; Human rights; Social justice.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1101029
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The Human Right to Food as a U.S. Nutrition Concern, 1976-2006 AgEcon
Messer, Ellen; Cohen, Marc J..
For 30 years, U.S. food and nutrition scientists and policymakers concerned with food and nutrition have explored the possibility of making the human right to food (HRF) the moral and legal cornerstone of U.S. domestic and international initiatives in this area. The U.S. government has consistently opposed formal right-to-food legislation, labeling it as overly burdensome and inconsistent with constitutional law. In contrast, anti-hunger advocates have favored a rights-based framework as a way to hold government accountable for improving the nutritional situation of its poorest citizens and for saving lives and preventing malnutrition in developing countries. The U.S. government has continually expanded food and nutrition assistance at home and abroad, but...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Food policy; Human rights; Right to food; Malnutrition; Social welfare; United States; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42368
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THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF THE HUMAN RIGHT TO WATER AgEcon
Branco, Manuel Couret; Henriques, Pedro Damiao de Sousa.
A água é essencial à sobrevivência humana. Uma economia política humanizada, isto é dirigida para a satisfação das necessidades básicas, deve preocupar-se com a questão da disponibilidade e distribuição de água. No que diz respeito à satisfação das necessidades básicas, podemos afirmar que é relativamente fácil e barato fornecer água para todos. Porque razão, então existe uma desigualdade na distribuição? Esta desigualdade representa uma violação séria de um direito humano, como será desenvolvido à frente, e não deverá ser tolerada. Este artigo trata do papel que a economia desempenha no desigual exercício do direito humano de acesso à água potável. Este artigo examina como o discurso da economia dominante pode entrar em conflito com os direitos humanos...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Human rights; Water; Market; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108631
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Renegotiating the Food Aid Convention: Background, Context, and Issues AgEcon
Hoddinott, John; Cohen, Marc J..
The current global agreement governing food aid—the Food Aid Convention (FAC)—will expire in 2007. It has come under heavy criticism as has the diffuse set of broader food aid governance institutions that has emerged in the last 50 years. These institutions are characterized by overlapping mandates, differing degrees of authority and legitimacy, varied levels of transparency in decision-making, and problematic representation of the major stakeholders. A number of issues are likely to arise during the course of negotiations over a new FAC. These include its objectives; the nature of commitments— whether to express them in tonnage, value, or nutritional terms; the level of commitments and their distribution among donor countries; monitoring and enforcement...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Food aid; International agreements; International organizations; Humanitarian assistance; Human rights; Local purchase; Triangular transaction; Development assistance; Trade agreements; Grain trade; Code of conduct; Needs assessment; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42424
Registros recuperados: 8
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