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| Registros recuperados: 33 | |
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| Geha,Makram J.; Keown,Jeffrey F.; Van Vleck,L. Dale. |
| Milk yield records (305d, 2X, actual milk yield) of 123,639 registered first lactation Holstein cows were used to compare linear regression (y = β0 + β1X + e) ,quadratic regression, (y = β0 + β1X + β2X2 + e) cubic regression (y = β0 + β1X + β2X2 + β3X3 + e) and fixed factor models, with cubic-spline interpolation models, for estimating the effects of inbreeding on milk yield. Ten animal models, all with herd-year-season of calving as fixed effect, were compared using the Akaike corrected-Information Criterion (AICc). The cubic-spline interpolation model with seven knots had the lowest AICc, whereas for all those labeled as "traditional", AICc was higher than the best model. Results from fitting inbreeding using a cubic-spline with seven knots were compared... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Akaike's information criterion; Cubic-spline interpolation; Inbreeding; Milk yield. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572011000300013 |
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| Hillen, J. E. J.; Coscia, I.; Vandeputte, Marc; Herten, K.; Hellemans, B.; Maroso, F.; Vergnet, Alain; Allal, Francois; Maes, G. E.; Volckaert, F. A. M.. |
| The aquaculture industry has increasingly aimed at improving economically important traits like growth, feed efficiency and resistance to infections. Artificial selection represents an important window of opportunity to significantly improve production. However, the pitfall is that selection will reduce genetic diversity and increase inbreeding in the farmed stocks. Genetic tools are very useful in this context as they provide accurate measures of genetic diversity together with many additional insights in the stock status and the selection process. In this study we assessed the level of genetic variability and relatedness over several generations of two lines of experimentally selected European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). The first line was... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Artificial selection; DdRAD; Fish; Genetic diversity; Genomics; Inbreeding. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00392/50314/50993.pdf |
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| Becheler, Ronan; Masson, Jean-pierre; Arnaud-haond, Sophie; Halkett, Fabien; Mariette, Stephanie; Guillemin, Marie-laure; Valero, Myriam; Destombe, Christophe; Stoeckel, Solenn. |
| Partial clonality is commonly used in Eukaryotes and has large consequences for their evolution and ecology. Assessing accurately the relative importance of clonal versus sexual reproduction matters for studying and managing such species. Here, we proposed a Bayesian approach, ClonEstiMate, to infer rates of clonality c from populations sampled twice over a short time interval, ideally one generation time. The method relies on the likelihood of the transitions between genotype frequencies of ancestral and descendent populations, using an extended Wright-Fisher model explicitly integrating reproductive modes. Our model provides posterior probability distribution of inferred c, given the assumed rates of mutation, as well as inbreeding and selfing when... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Inbreeding; Instantaneous inference; Population genetics model; Rate of asexuality; Selfing. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00390/50187/50810.pdf |
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| Launey, Sophie; Barre, Marc; Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama. |
| Genetic variability at five microsatellite loci was analysed in three hatchery-propagated populations of the flat oyster, Ostrea edulis. These populations were part of a selection programme for resistance to the protozoan parasite Bonamia ostreae and were produced by mass spawns, without control of the genealogy. Evidence for population bottlenecks and inbreeding was sought. A reduction in the number of alleles, mainly due to the loss of rare alleles, was observed in all selected populations, relative to the natural population from which they were derived. Heterozygote excesses were observed in two populations, and were attributed to substructuring of the population into a small number of families. Pedigree reconstruction showed that these two populations... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Inbreeding; Effective population size; Bonamia ostreae; Ostrea edulis; European flat oyster. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/publication-2703.pdf |
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| Dupont-nivet, Mathilde; Vandeputte, Marc. |
| Stochastic simulations were used to compare genetic progress and inbreeding depending on whether full sib matings were allowed or not when applying individual selection. Fifteen selection cycles were considered, using a single pair mating design. Two levels of heritability (h(2)) were studied (0.1; 0.5) as well as four different proportions of selected animals (2, 5, 10 and 20%), four population sizes (1000, 2,000, 4,000 and 10,000 candidates) and two levels of inbreeding depression (0 and 5% decrease of phenotype for 10% increase in inbreeding). Fifty replicates were generated for each set of parameters. The simulations revealed that avoiding full sib matings became less and less relevant as population size and proportion of selected animals increased and... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Selection; Sib mating; Inbreeding; Genetic variability; Stochastic simulations; Fish. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00035/14587/11952.pdf |
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| Soulsbury, Carl D.; Lebigre, Christophe. |
| There is widespread interest in the relationship between individual genetic diversity and fitness-related traits (heterozygosity-fitness correlations; HFCs). Most studies have found weak continuous increases of fitness with increasing heterozygosity, while negative HFCs have rarely been reported. Negative HFCs are expected in cases of outbreeding depression, but outbreeding is rare in natural populations. Negative HFCs may also arise through viability selection acting on low heterozygosity individuals at an early stage producing a skew in the heterozygosity distribution. We tested this idea using survival and clutch parameters (egg mass, egg volume, chick mass, clutch size) in female Black Grouse Lyrurus tetrix and carried out simulations to determine how... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Inbreeding; Outbreeding; Neutral loci; Selective mortality; Genetic diversity. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00423/53448/54340.pdf |
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| Vendrami, David L. J.; Houston, Ross D.; Gharbi, Karim; Telesca, Luca; Gutierrez, Alejandro P.; Gurney-smith, Helen; Hasegawa, Natsuki; Boudry, Pierre; Hoffman, Joseph I.. |
| Cultivated bivalves are important not only because of their economic value, but also due to their impacts on natural ecosystems. The Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) is the world's most heavily cultivated shellfish species and has been introduced to all continents except Antarctica for aquaculture. We therefore used a medium-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array to investigate the genetic structure of this species in Europe, where it was introduced during the 1960s and has since become a prolific invader of coastal ecosystems across the continent. We analyzed 21,499 polymorphic SNPs in 232 individuals from 23 localities spanning a latitudinal cline from Portugal to Norway and including the source populations of Japan and Canada. We confirmed... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Crassostrea gigas; Genetic structure; High-density genotyping array; Inbreeding; Pacific oyster; Restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing; Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00484/59561/62557.pdf |
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| Martinez,Pablo A; Zurano,Juan P; Molina,Wagner F; Bidau,Claudio J. |
| Phylogeographic studies are currently used to infer historical demographic processes such as gene fow, determination of effective population sizes, colonisation dynamics, and population botlenecks, as well as for the determination of species boundaries and the identification of possible conservation units. We present a review of the main contributions of this approach, and its applications and implications for canid conservation. Studies performed in canids have shown that the number of named subspecies is often larger than that of phylogeographic units. In recent times, the fragmentation of habitats has increased and one of the major concerns of conservation biologists is the occurrence of inbreeding. Large-sized canids have demonstrated to have enough... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Canidae; Conservation units; Genetics; Hybridisation; Inbreeding. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0327-93832013000100005 |
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| Malhado,Carlos Henrique Mendes; Carneiro,Paulo Luiz Souza; Malhado,Ana Claudia Mendes; Martins Filho,Raimundo; Bozzi,Riccardo; Ladle,Richard James. |
| The objective of this work was to evaluate the population structure and the genetic and phenotypic progress of Nelore cattle in Northern Brazil. Pedigree information concerning animals born between 1942 and 2006 were analyzed. Population structure was performed using the Endog program. Out of the 140,628 animals studied, 67.7, 14.52 and 3.18% had complete pedigree record of the first, second and third parental generation, respectively. Inbreeding and average relatedness coefficients were low: 0.2 and 0.13%, respectively. However, these parameters may have been underestimated, since information on pedigree was incomplete. The effective number of founders was 370 and the genetic contribution of 10, 50 and 448 most influent ancestors explained 13.2, 28 and... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Bos taurus indicus; Effective population size; Genetic parameters; Genetic trends; Inbreeding; Pedigree analysis. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2010001000009 |
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| Cavani,Ligia; Silva,Rafael Medeiros de Oliveira; Carreño,Luis Orlando Duitama; Ono,Rafael Keith; Bertipaglia,Tássia Souza; Farah,Michel Marques; Millen,Danilo Domingues; Fonseca,Ricardo da. |
| Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic diversity of Brahman cattle in Brazil with pedigree analysis. Genealogical records of a subpopulation were used considering all pedigree information (Pt) and the pedigree information divided into two periods (P1, from 1994 to 2004; and P2, from 2005 to 2012) or according to the raising system (Ppt, animals on pasture; or Pst, on stable). Estimates were obtained for average inbreeding coefficients, generation intervals (GI), number of equivalent known generation (CGE), number of founders (Nf), effective number of founders (fe), effective number of ancestors (fa), and founder genome equivalents (fg). The average inbreeding coefficients were 11.97, 7.79, 11.95, 11.74, and 11.31% for Pt, P1, P2,... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Beef cattle; Founders; Genetic bottleneck; Inbreeding. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2018000100074 |
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| Schmidt,GS; Figueiredo,EAP. |
| The objective of this study was to report the response to selection for fertility and hatchability in white egg layers strains, based on sire and dam performance, and the effects of inbreeding on these traits. Two selected white egg strains (CC and DD) from Embrapa´s poultry program under multiple trait selection were compared to a control strain (CCc). The control strain was established by randomly mating one male from each sire family to a non-related female from each dam family and was used to monitor genetic change in the selected lines. CC and DD were selected using family and individual information on hen-day egg production up to 40 weeks of age, egg weight, sexual maturity and 16-week-old body weight over five generations. Independent culling levels... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Egg production; Inbreeding; Reproductive traits; Selection culling levels. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2005000400006 |
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| Registros recuperados: 33 | |
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