|
|
|
| Registros recuperados: 55 | |
|
|
| Campos,Jorge; Foster,William. |
| During the past thirty years the Chilean economy generally and agriculture specifically have grown considerably, raising both per capita GDP and observed real wages of salaried workers. There has been, however, a concern about the country's persistent unequal distribution of income. Among the possible factors associated with income inequality is the relatively infrequent use of contracts in seasonal and occasional work, both strongly present in agriculture. Based on Chilean household surveys (CASEN) for 1996 and 2006, impacts of contracts and work relationships (permanent, seasonal, etc.) on salaries, and their possible contributions to inequality, were measured, accounting for schooling, ethnicity, work experience, geographic zones, and other variables... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Labor; Gender; Income distribution; Inequality; Work contract; Work relationship. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202012000100001 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Wynberg, Rachel; Environmental Evaluation Unit, Department of Environmental and Geographical Science, University of Cape Town; rachel.wynberg@uct.ac.za; Hauck, Maria; Environmental Evaluation Unit, Department of Environmental and Geographical Science, University of Cape Town; MHauck4@gmail.com. |
| The concept of benefit sharing has seen growing adoption in recent years by a variety of sectors. However, its conceptual underpinnings, definitions, and framework remain poorly articulated and developed. We aim to help address this gap by presenting a new conceptual approach for enhancing understanding about benefit sharing and its implementation. We use the coast as a lens through which the analysis is framed because of the intricate governance challenges which coastal social–ecological systems present, the increasing development and exploitation pressures on these systems, and the growing need to improve understanding about the way in which greater equity and reduced inequalities could reduce conflicts, protect coastal ecosystems, and ensure... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Coastal communities; Governance; Inequality; Power. |
| Ano: 2014 |
|
| |
|
|
| Bellanger, Manuel; Macher, Claire; Guyader, Olivier. |
| Quota allocation mechanisms have distributional effects that are highly relevant to the economic organization of fisheries. In France, where fishing allocations are non-transferable, quotas are shared among Producer Organizations (POs) based on the historical landings of their members. Each PO is then responsible for implementing their own internal rules that provide individual or collective allocations to their members. This study investigates the distributional effects of the various quota management systems adopted by POs on quotas and production for the Bay of Biscay sole fishery. A comparison between initial allocations by vessel based on historical landings and actual observed landings is presented. Inequality metrics are used to quantify... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Distribution; Inequality; Producer organizations; Catch shares; Common-pool resources; Fishery management. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00332/44359/43999.pdf |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
| James, Robert C.; Arndt, Channing; Simler, Kenneth R.. |
| Using 1996–97 and 2002–03 nationally representative household surveys, we examine the extent to which growth in Mozambique has been pro-poor. While all sections of society enjoyed a rapid annual increase in consumption between the sample periods, the rate of growth in consumption was slightly higher for richer households. This has led to a moderate increase in inequality at the national level, as demonstrated by the rise in the Gini coefficient from 0.40 to 0.42. However, this slight increase in inequality is not statistically significant, and its impact on poverty reduction efforts is small: the poverty headcount would have been 53.0 percent in 2002–03 if all sections of society had enjoyed the mean growth rate in consumption, compared with the 54.1... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Inequality; Poverty; Growth; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; International Development. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59288 |
| |
|
|
| Weatherspoon, Dave D.; Seale, James L., Jr.; Moss, Charles B.. |
| Theil’s inequality index is used to measure convergence in 14 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries in terms of per capita income, per capita government and investment expenditures, and industrial employment. Results indicate that all four variables have converged over the sample period, 1950-1988. Next, the indices of the four variables are made dynamic by using pairwise cointegration and Johansen’s I(2) multi-cointegration tests. These tests indicate that the four inequalities are cointegrated; that is, there exists a long-run equilibrium between the four inequalities of the 14 OECD countries. However, the inequality in per capita government expenditure has no effect on the G-7 equilibrium when analyzed without the... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Cointegration; Convergence; G-7; Inequality; OECD. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43300 |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Sousa, Alexandre Gervasio; Araujo, Aracy Alves; Santos, Ricardo Bruno Nascimento dos; Santos, Francivane Teles Pampolha Dos; Diniz, Marvelo Bentes. |
| O presente trabalho investigou a validade hipótese da Curva de Kuznets – CK, sobre variáveis que se apresentam como Proxy ambiental, e que indicam a sustentabilidade, para os municípios brasileiros para os anos de 1991 e 2000. As variáveis Proxy do meio ambiente foram representadas pelo déficit em água potável, déficit em saneamento básico e déficit na coleta de lixo, outras variáveis, que representam o desenvolvimento sustentável foram taxa de mortalidade infantil, déficit na alfabetização de adultos e expectativa de vida e renda per capita. Todos os resultados indicam que a hipótese de Kuznets não é válida, indicando que essa hipótese é limitada para explicar a questão ambiental e a sustentabilidade nos municípios brasileiros. This paper investigated the... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Desigualdade; Desenvolvimento econômico; Hipótese de Kuznets; Inequality; Economic development; Kuznets hypothesis; Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103103 |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Pereira, Benedito Dias; Faria, Alexandre Magno; Silva, Gerson Rodrigues; Zavala, Arturo Zavala; Freitas, Aprigio Guilherme. |
| O presente trabalho estuda a desigualdade da distribuição de renda, assim como a pobreza das famílias residentes nas áreas rurais de Mato Grosso, em 2004 e 2006, com base nos microdados da PNAD do IBGE. Desempenhando importante função na análise, decompõe-se aditivamente o coeficiente de Gini por fontes de rendimento, para se identificar a contribuição relativa de uma determinada fonte de renda na desigualdade de renda total. Dentre os principais resultados encontrados, verifica-se que há elevada desigualdade na distribuição de renda entre as famílias rurais mato-grossenses. Destaca-se, ademais, que renda advinda das atividades agrícolas contribui para aumentar essa desigualdade. Por sua vez, os indicadores de pobreza, entre 2004 e 2006, sugerem incremento... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Desigualdade; Distribuição; Pobreza; Inequality; Distribution; Poverty; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113982 |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| Registros recuperados: 55 | |
|
|
|
