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	Provedor de dados AgEcon (27) Infoteca-e (1) Colegio de Postgraduados (1) Ecology and Society (1) Autor Moschini, GianCarlo (5) Eaton, Derek J.F. (2) King, John L. (2) Koo, Bonwoo (2) Leger, Andreanne (2) Naghavi, Alireza (2) Pardey, Philip G. (2) Qian, Keming (2) Zhang, Yi (2) Alimov, Avaz (1) Alston, Julian M. (1) Awokuse, Titus O. (1) BAMBINI, M. D. (1) BARBEDO, J. G. A. (1) Bulut, Harun (1) Bárcenas Argüello, Rosa Josefina (1) Comune, Maria (1) Conway, Gordon; The Rockefeller Foundation; president@rockfound.org (1) Day-Rubenstein, Kelly A. (1) Evenson, Robert E. (1) Mais... Palavra-chave Intellectual property rights (30) Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies (17) O34 (10) International Relations/Trade (6) Biotechnology (5) Crop Production/Industries (5) Q16 (5) F13 (4) F14 (3) Genetically modified organisms (3) Identity preservation (3) Q17 (3) R&D (3) Technology transfer (3) Agribusiness (2) Agricultural and Food Policy (2) Agricultural research and development (2) Crop improvement (2) Developing countries (2) Environmental Economics and Policy (2) Mais... Tipo do documento Working or Discussion Paper (14) Conference Paper or Presentation (7) Journal Article (3) Report (2) Documentos (INFOTECA-E) (1) Peer-Reviewed Reports (1) Tesis (1) Working Paper (1) Mais... Ano 2015 (1) 2011 (3) 2009 (4) 2008 (2) 2007 (1) 2006 (2) 2005 (3) 2004 (1) 2003 (2) 2002 (1) 2001 (6) 2000 (2) 1999 (1) 1998 (1) Mais... País United States (27) Brazil (1) Canada (1) Mexico (1) Idioma Inglês (27) Espanhol (1) Português (1) Russo (1)		Ordenar por:  Relevância Autor Título Ano Registros recuperados: 30 Primeira ... 1 2 ... Última Los derechos de propiedad intelectual y el maíz criollo mexicano: el caso de la gestión del conocimiento en la comunidad de Yaxcabá, Yucatán, México Colegio de Postgraduados Bárcenas Argüello, Rosa Josefina. La situación de los Derechos de Propiedad Intelectual y su relación con el Conocimiento Tradicional en México es un tema complicado, ya que el consenso generalizado es que el conocimiento tradicional no posee las características del conocimiento formal tales como la sistematización, experimentación, comprobación y registro escrito. En este documento, con un estudio de caso, se muestra que el Conocimiento Tradicional se integra por procesos que generan productos, productos diferenciados, y subproductos. El sujeto de estudio es el maíz criollo cultivado bajo el sistema de milpa roza-tumba- quema en Yaxcabá, Yucatán, México. Con recorridos de campo, entrevistas con guía semiestructurada, y observación participante, se identificó que en la... Tipo: Tesis Palavras-chave: Conocimientos tradicionales; Derechos de Propiedad Intelectual; Maíz criollo; Milpa en roza-tumba-quema; Productos diferenciados; Maestría; Desarrollo Rural; Traditional knowledges; Intellectual property rights; Mative corn; Milpa in roza- knock down- burn; Distinction products. Ano: 2008 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1299 Genetically Modified Crops: Risks and Promise Ecology and Society Conway, Gordon; The Rockefeller Foundation; president@rockfound.org. GM foods have the potential to provide significant benefits for developing countries. Over 800 million people are chronically undernourished, and 180 million children are severely underweight for their age. By 2020, there will be an extra two billion mouths to feed. Ecological approaches that underpin sustainable agriculture (e.g., integrated pest management) and participatory approaches that strengthen farmers' own experimentation and decision making are key. Biotechnology will be an essential partner, if yield ceilings are to be raised, if crops are to be grown without excessive reliance on pesticides, and if farmers on less favored lands are to be provided with crops that are resistant to drought and salinity, and that can use nitrogen and other... Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.); Food security; Genetically modified rice; GM foods; Intellectual property rights; Marker-aided selection; Monsanto; Participatory approaches; Plant biotechnology; Plant variety protection; Terminator technology; Vitamin A deficiency. Ano: 2000 Procedimentos para proteção da propriedade intelectual de programas de computador: práticas da Embrapa Informática Agropecuária. Infoteca-e BAMBINI, M. D.; VAZ, G. J.; BARBEDO, J. G. A.. Este documento tem por objetivo discutir os aspectos conceituais relacionados à proteção da propriedade intelectual envolvendo produtos de software e descrever as práticas da Embrapa Informática Agropecuária neste campo. Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E) Palavras-chave: Propriedade intelectual; Programa de computador; Computer software; Intellectual property rights. Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1037314 Parallel Research, Multiple Intellectual Property Right Protection Instruments, and the Correlation among R&D Projects AgEcon Bulut, Harun; Moschini, GianCarlo. The choice of a research path in attacking scientific and technological problems is a significant component of firms' R&D strategy. One of the findings of the patent races literature is that, in a competitive market setting, firms' noncooperative choices of research projects display an excessive degree of correlation, as compared to the socially optimal level. The paper revisits this question in a context in which firms have access to trade secrets, in addition to patents, to assert intellectual property rights (IPR) over their discoveries. We find that the availability of multiple IPR protection instruments can move the paths chosen by firms engaged in an R&D race toward the social optimum. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Intellectual property rights; Parallel R&D; Patent races; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18379 Intellectual Property Rights and South-North Formation of Global Innovation Networks AgEcon Comune, Maria; Naghavi, Alireza; Prarolo, Giovanni. Current version uploaded April 2013. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Intellectual property rights; Information Communication Technology (ICT); Innovation; Foreign patenting; R&D linkages; Southern innovation; International Relations/Trade; F2; O1; O3. Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115816 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND TRADE: ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS, MEDICINALS AND BOTANICALS, AND PHARMACEUTICALS AgEcon Smith, Pamela J.. We examine the impact of intellectual property rights (IPRs) on US exports of biological, medicinal, botanical, and pharmaceutical products. We find that: (1) strong IPRs enhance monopoly power of US exports in countries with weak imitative abilities; and (2) strong IPRs expand markets for US exports in countries with strong imitative abilities. Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Intellectual property rights; Exports; Biotechnologies; Medicinals; Botanicals; Pharmaceuticals; International Relations/Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; F10; F13; Q16; Q17; K55; O34. Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21525 India's Reform of External Sector Policies and Future Multilateral Trade Negotiations AgEcon Srinivasan, T.N.. I evaluate India's transition from an inward-oriented development strategy to greater participation in the world economy. While tariff rates have decreased significantly over the past decade, India is still one of the more autarkic countries. Despite improvement over the past in export performance, India continues to lag behind its South- and East Asian neighbors. Second, official debt flows have been largely replaced by foreign direct investment (FDI) and portfolio investment in the 1990s. India's ability to attract FDI would be greatly enhanced by further reforms. I argue that India's participation in a future round of multilateral trade negotiations would benefit India. I outline the further reforms most needed: reform of labour and bankruptcy laws,... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: India; Antidumping; Developing countries; Economic reform; Export performance; Foreign direct investment; Intellectual property rights; Multilateral trade negotiations; Quantitative restrictions; Real exchange rate; Tariff and non-tariff barriers; World Trade Organization; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; F15; F21; F35; H54; K31; O34; O38; O53; P11. Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28428 Intellectual Property Rights and Their Impacts in Developing Countries: An Empirical Analysis of Maize Breeding in Mexico AgEcon Leger, Andreanne. There is little empirical evidence concerning the effects of intellectual property rights (IPR) on a technologically advanced developing country. Complete enumeration of the Mexican maize breeding industry showed that, contrary to the hypothesis that IPR would provide, in a technologically advanced developing country, incentives for R&D and innovation, IPR play no role for the industry in general, but that they are important for certain breeders' categories. The paper presents the theory on IPR and a short background on the Mexican maize breeding industry. The analysis of the interviews with maize breeders leads to the conclusion that the theory on IPR should be revised and take into account the characteristics of developing countries critical for the... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Intellectual property rights; Developing Country; Empirical Evidence; Transaction costs; Mexico; Maize; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O34; Q16; O31; Q17. Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18835 GOVERNMENT PATENTING AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AgEcon Heisey, Paul W.; Day-Rubenstein, Kelly A.; King, John L.. Intellectual property rights such as patents protect new inventions from imitation and competition. Patents' major objective is to provide incentives for invention, sacrificing short-term market efficiency for long-term economic gains. Although patents are primarily granted to private firms, policy changes over the last 25 years have resulted in greater use of patenting by the public sector. This study examines government patenting behavior by analyzing case studies of patenting and licensing by the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. ARS uses patenting and licensing as a means of technology transfer in cases in which a technology requires additional development by a private sector partner to yield a marketable... Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Patents; Licenses; Intellectual property rights; Technology transfer; Agricultural Research Service; Agricultural research and development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33597 AN OPTION PERSPECTIVE ON GENERATING AND MAINTAINING PLANT VARIETY RIGHTS IN CHINA AgEcon Koo, Bonwoo; Pardey, Philip G.; Qian, Keming; Zhang, Yi. Notwithstanding the ambiguous research and productivity promoting effects of plant variety protections (PVPs), even in developed countries, many developing countries have adopted PVPs in the past few years, in part to comply with their Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) obligations. Seeking and maintaining PVPs reserves options to an expected revenue stream from the future sale of protected varieties, the value of which varies for a host of reasons. In this paper we empirically examine the pattern of plant variety protection applications in China since its PVP laws were first introduced in 1997. We place those PVP rights in the context of China's present and likely future seed markets to identify the economic incentives and... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Intellectual property rights; Crop improvement; Option value; Seed markets; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13779 Biotech--Who Wins? Economic Benefits and Costs of Biotechnology Innovations in Agriculture AgEcon Moschini, GianCarlo. The conceptual model necessary for an assessment of biotechnology's economic benefits and costs is outlined, emphasizing the need to account for the proprietary nature of biotechnology innovations. The model is illustrated with an application to Roundup Ready soybeans. The estimated value of this innovation is sizeable, with consumers and innovators claiming the largest shares of net benefits. Also, disparities in intellectual property rights protection across countries affect the distribution of benefits. Consumer resistance toward GMOs and the issue of labelling and market segregation complicate the economic evaluation of biotechnology innovations; a number of related regulation and public policy issues are discussed. Emerging output-trait GMOs are... Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetically modified organisms; Identity preservation; Intellectual property rights; R&D; Transgenic crops; Welfare evaluation; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23862 Should Europe Further Strengthen Intellectual Property for Plant Breeders? An Analysis of Seed Industry Proposals AgEcon Eaton, Derek J.F.; van Tongeren, Frank W.. This paper illustrates the potential negative effects of increasing the scope of plant breeders' rights (PBR) protection, as has been proposed for Europe by leading plant breeding firms. Such a policy could increase the costs for varietal development for breeding companies, particularly if their access to varieties of the market leader is constrained. This is represented as an asymmetrical increase in breeders' cost functions in a simple model of endogenous quality choice under price competition. Increased scope of IPR protection leads to increased profits for the leading breeding company but decreases in varietal quality and both farm and overall profits. Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Intellectual property rights; Product differentiation; Plant breeding; Genetic diversity; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; L13; O34; Q16. Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24725 CONCENTRATION AND TECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURAL INPUT INDUSTRIES AgEcon King, John L.. Consolidation in the agricultural biotechnology industry can both enhance and dampen market competition. This report examines the causes and consequences of industry consolidation and its effect on market efficiency. In some cases, concentration realizes economies of scale, which can improve market efficiency by driving down production costs. The protection of intellectual property rights is integral to the agricultural biotechnology marketplace, stimulating research and development, investment, and the development of substitute markets. However, excessively broad intellectual property rights can hinder the market for innovation. Recent data on mergers, acquisitions, and strategic collaborations in the agricultural biotechnology industry, as well as the... Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Industry concentration; Consolidation; Biotechnology; Market efficiency; Market power; Intellectual property rights; Agricultural input industries; Mergers; Acquisitions; Agribusiness; Industrial Organization. Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33631 Economics, Ecology and GMOs: Sustainability, Precaution and Related Issues AgEcon Tisdell, Clement A.. Ecological, evolutionary and economic issues involved in introducing genetically modified organisms (GMOs), mainly in agriculture, are discussed. The ecological and evolutionary impacts identified hamper (economic) valuation of GMOs and their biosafety regulation and creates difficulties for planning for sustainable development. Assessment of the desirability of releasing GMOs is difficult because of lack of communal agreement about the risks involved, about how much precaution should be exercised given collective risks, and disagreement on the appropriate social criterion to apply. Changes in legal liability are not always economic and cannot eliminate the social conflict generated by GMOs. The economics of developing and marketing GMOs is explored,... Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Biosafety; Genetically modified organisms; GMOs; Intellectual property rights; Market structure; Sustainable development; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122726 Economic Benefits and Costs of Biotechnology Innovations in Agriculture AgEcon Moschini, GianCarlo. The conceptual model necessary for an assessment of biotechnology's economic benefits and costs is outlined, emphasizing the need to account for the proprietary nature of biotechnology innovations. The model is illustrated with an application to Roundup Ready soybeans. The estimated value of this innovation is sizeable, with consumers and innovators claiming the larger share of net benefits. Also, disparities in intellectual property rights protection across countries affect the distribution of benefits. Consumer resistance toward genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and the issues of labeling and market segregation complicate the economic evaluation of biotechnology innovations, and a number of related regulation and public policy issues are discussed.... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetically modified organisms; Identity preservation; Intellectual property rights; R&D; Transgenic crops; Welfare evaluation; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18413 The Economics of Generating and Maintaining Plant Variety Rights in China AgEcon Koo, Bonwoo; Pardey, Philip G.; Qian, Keming; Zhang, Yi. Notwithstanding the ambiguous research and productivity promoting effects of plant variety protections (PVPs), even in developed countries, many developing countries have adopted PVPs in the past few years to comply with their Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) obligations. Seeking and maintaining PVPs reserves options to an expected revenue stream from the future sale of protected varieties, the value of which varies for a host of reasons. In this paper we empirically examine the pattern of plant variety protection applications in China since its PVP laws were first introduced in 1997. We place those PVP rights in the context of China’s present and likely future seed markets to identify the economic incentives and institutional... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Intellectual property rights; Crop improvement; Option value; Seed markets; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q16; Q18; O32; O34. Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57908 THE ECONOMICS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS UNDER IMPERFECT ENFORCEMENT: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, BIOTECHNOLOGY AND THE TRIPS AGREEMENT AgEcon Giannakas, Konstantinos. This paper develops a model of heterogeneous producers to examine the economic causes of IPR infringement and its consequences for the welfare of the interest groups and the pricing and adoption of a new technology (i.e., a genetically modified seed) in the context of a small open developing economy. Enforcement of IPRs, and pricing and adoption of the new technology are modeled as a sequential game between the government that enforces the IPRs, a foreign innovating firm that prices the new technology, and the developing country’s producers who make the production and cheating decisions. Analytical results show that complete deterrence of IPR infringement is not always economically optimal. IPR infringement affects the welfare of the interest groups and... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Enforcement; Infringement; Intellectual property rights; TRIPs agreement; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16063 Intellectual Property Rights, Migration, and Diaspora AgEcon Naghavi, Alireza; Strozzi, Chiara. In this paper we study theoretically and empirically the role of the interaction between skilled migration and intellectual property rights (IPRs) protection in determining innovation in developing countries (South). We show that although emigration from the South may directly result in the well-known concept of brain drain, it also causes a brain gain effect, the extent of which depends on the level of IPRs protection in the sending country. We argue this to come from a diaspora channel through which the knowledge acquired by emigrants abroad can flow back to the South and enhance the skills of the remaining workers there. By increasing the size of the innovation sector and the skill-intensity of emigration, IPRs protection makes it more likely for... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Intellectual property rights; Migration; Technology transfer; Brain gain; Diaspora; Labor and Human Capital; O34; F22; O33; J24; J61. Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115817 Organizational-legal aspects of scientific-technical and innovative development of Uzbekistan in globalization era AgEcon Alimov, Avaz; Vapaeva, Guzal. Efficient protection of intellectual property provides not only commercialization of objects, but also activization of innovative activity as a whole, stimulation of national and international investments into economy. The paper describes features of legal protection institutions in Uzbekistan. Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Intellectual property rights; Science and innovative activity; Legal issues; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O34. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94531 Trade and Intellectual Property Rights in the Agricultural Seed Sector AgEcon Eaton, Derek J.F.. The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) has continued to be fiercely debated between North and South, particularly with respect to its provisions for the agricultural sector. Article 27.3(b) of the TRIPS Agreement requires WTO member countries to offer some form of intellectual property protection for new plant varieties, either in the form of patents (common in the U.S.) or plant breeder’s rights (PBR). This paper analyses the effects of the introduction of PBRs in almost 70 importing countries on the value of exports of agricultural seeds and planting material from 10 exporting EU countries, including all principal traditional exporters of seeds, as well as the US. A fixed effects quantile regression model, based on... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Intellectual property rights; Trade; Agriculture; Plant breeding; Quantile regression; Agricultural and Food Policy; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade; Q16; Q17; F13; F14. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51782 Registros recuperados: 30 Primeira ... 1 2 ... Última

Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa Todos os direitos reservados, conforme Lei n° 9.610 Política de Privacidade Área restrita		Embrapa Parque Estação Biológica - PqEB s/n° Brasília, DF - Brasil - CEP 70770-901 Fone: (61) 3448-4433 - Fax: (61) 3448-4890 / 3448-4891 SAC: https://www.embrapa.br/fale-conosco