|
|
|
| Registros recuperados: 20 | |
|
| |
|
|
| Govindaraj, G.; Mishra, A.P.. |
| Groundnut is a labour-intensive crop, especially for operations like sowing, weeding, harvesting, and drying. But, of-late, due to timely unavailability of labour, many farmers are not able to exercise timely operations resulting in low yield realization. The present study conducted in two major groundnut-growing states, viz. Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh, has revealed that farmers employ more human labour in weeding and harvesting operations in groundnut than in other operations. The practise of manual decortication and stripping is followed by a larger number of farmers in Andhra Pradesh than in Gujarat, indicating less mechanization in the former. For weeding, though, the human labour-use in weedicide + bullock intercultivation + hand weeding technique is... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Labour demand; Groundnut cultivation; Labour-saving techniques; Agricultural and Food Policy; J23; J21. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119394 |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Sharma, Ashwani K.; Prakash, Brahm. |
| The paper has estimated the demand for human labour use in sugarcane and other competing crops and changes over time in its use in major cane-growing states. It has also examined the supply-demand gap in human labour for sugarcane and has provided some coping strategies. The study, based on the primary as well as secondary data on the use of human labour for sugarcane for the past 30 years (1980 to 2010), has found that sugarcane cultivation is least mechanized and most labour-intensive in almost all major canegrowing states of India. The labour-use per hectare has increased in all the cane-growing states, except Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra. Study has revealed that the proportion of casual labour has increased over the years in sub-tropical states because... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Labour supply; Supply-demand gap; Labour demand; Sugarcane; Agricultural and Food Policy; J22; J23. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119389 |
| |
|
|
| van den Berg, Marrit; Kumbi, Girma Earo. |
| The rural non-farm sector has gained increasing importance over the past decades. In much of Africa, this has had limited effect on the poor, who face entry barriers to non-farm activities. As a result, the nonfarm economy does not reduce poverty but increases inequality instead. Some, but not all, evidence for Ethiopia, however, contradicts this general pattern: the poor do participate in the nonfarm economy, but apparently this does not lift them out of poverty. The present paper analyses the relation between non-farm income and inequality in Oromia, the largest state of Ethiopia, where most households rely on rainfed agriculture for their livelihood. The traditional development approach of providing technology and infrastructure to increase agricultural... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; J23; J32; O15; Q12. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25689 |
| |
|
|
| Guariglia, Alessandra. |
| The objective of this paper is to quantify the net effect that the massive opening of edge or out-of-town superstores, which took place in Great Britain in the mid-eighties and early nineties, had on local employment. Our data set consists of the location and the opening dates of Tesco and Sainsbury’s stores, in combination with Census of Employment data from 1984 to 1991. Using both a fixed-effects specification and a system-GMM specification which allows to control for endogeneity, we find that in spite of the adverse effects they had on competing smaller stores, superstores had an overall positive net effect on employment. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Superstores; Labor demand; Labor and Human Capital; J23; R23. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44291 |
| |
|
|
| Braconier, Henrik; Ekholm, Karolina. |
| This paper uses a dataset on the foreign activities by Swedish manufacturing firms to examine the performance of German affiliates compared with affiliates in other locations. It is found that German affiliates, on average, have higher labour productivity, R&D expenditure per employee and skill-intensity. There is also evidence suggesting that German affiliates are more oriented towards selling in the local market than affiliates in other European countries. We also analyse the effect of labour costs in the Swedish multinational enterprises' (MNEs') decision to locate in Germany. We find that the location decision is sensitive to the level of wage costs in Germany and in other potential locations in high-income Europe, but not to the level of wage... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor demand; Multinational firms; Foreign affiliates; Germany; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; F23; J23. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26200 |
| |
|
|
| Devadason, Evelyn. |
| This study examines the differential impact of major bilateral trade flows on labour market inequality for the period 1983 to 2000. The focus is on the key trading partners of Malaysia, which are the Association of the Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the United States of America and Japan. The paper finds that the direction of trade or rather the “whom” aspects of trade matter for inequality trends. There are striking differences on the labour market when export destinations are considered relative to import sources. The results suggest that an expansion in exports to countries that are relatively skilled labour abundant causes greater product market competition, thereby increasing the demand for skilled labour vis-a-vis unskilled labour in the domestic... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Bilateral trade flows; Skill inequality; Wage inequality; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; J23; F16. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50161 |
| |
|
|
| Monte, Paulo Aguiar do; Penido, Mariangela Rangel Jacques. |
| This study seeks to examine the determinants of the duration in employment in all Northeastern states of Brazil for the years 1993 and 2003. In order to do so, we used the data from the National Survey per Residence Samples (PNAD) which is done by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), every year. Results obtained by the parametric model showed that the duration of the relationship of employment is higher for men and older workers. With regard to the regional aspect, it was found that residents in the states of Pernambuco and Bahia - precisely those with the highest unemployment rates - have higher turnover when compared to other northeastern states. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Duration; Urban employment; Rural employment.; Agribusiness; J23; J64.. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61194 |
| |
|
|
| Kumar, Anjani; Kumar, Sant; Singh, Dhiraj Kumar; Shivjee. |
| This paper has studied rural employment diversification in India and across major states using NSSO data at household level for the period 1983 and 2009-10. Factors affecting rural employment diversification towards non-farm sector have also been studied. Analysis has shown that the non-farm sector has consistently grown over time and employed nearly one-third of the rural workforce in 2009-10, as compared to merely one-fifth in 1983 at all-India level. The similar trend is seen across major states as well, though the pace and pattern varied widely. In providing employment to rural workforce, increasing dominance of crop production, followed by animal husbandry was observed across major states during 2009-10. The share of fishery and forestry was... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Rural employment; Employment diversification; Crop sector; Agricultural and Food Policy; J21; J23; O15; O18. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119386 |
| |
|
|
| Maheshwari, M. Selva; Gangwar, L.S.. |
| This study conducted in the Thanjavur district of Tamil Nadu, has indentified the problems being faced by dairy farmers due to scarcity of farm labour for agricultural and livestock production. The study is based on the data collected from 40 selected respondents involved in crop production and dairying in the study area during the year 2008-09 through primary survey. The study has revealed that the implementation of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) has provided employment opportunities to rural workers and has checked the migration of farm labour from villages to cities and nearby industrial townships. All the eligible family member of landless dairy farmers had the job cards, but medium and large dairy farmers... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: MGNREGS; Agricultural labour; Labour demand; Labour wage rates; Rural – urban migration; Agricultural and Food Policy; J22; J23; J38; J39. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119390 |
| |
|
|
| Caballero, Ricardo J.; Cowan, Devin N.; Engel, Eduardo M.R.A.; Micco, Alejandro. |
| Microeconomic flexibility, by facilitating the process of creative-destruction, is at the core of economic growth in modern market economies. The main reason for why this process is not infinitely fast is the presence of adjustment costs, some of them technological, others institutional. Chief among the latter is labor market regulation. While few economists would object to such a view, its empirical support is rather weak. In this paper we revisit this hypothesis and find strong evidence for it. We use a new sectoral panel for 60 countries and a methodology suitable for such a panel. We find that job security regulation clearly hampers the creative-destruction process, especially in countries where regulations are likely to be enforced. Moving from the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Microeconomic rigidities; Creative-destruction; Job security regulation; Adjustment costs; Rule of law; Productivity growth; Labor and Human Capital; E24; J23; J63; J64; K00. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28486 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Baba, S.H.; Wani, M.H.; Shaheen, F.A.; Zargar, Bilal A.; Kubrevi, S.S.. |
| This paper has investigated the extent of agricultural labour shortage, its implications and combating strategies in a cold-arid eco-region of Ladakh in Jammu & Kashmir. The study has observed that the intensity of male agricultural labour has decreased and of female labour has increased in the cold-arid region of Ladakh, thereby, suggesting imparting of professionalism through extension trainings and other capacity building programmes among female labourers. Regression analysis has revealed that the extent of mechanization, literacy and income of non-agricultural workers are significant and negative determinants of labour availability, while improvement in landholding size and land productivity would significantly improve their supply to the farming... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Labour scarcity; Implications of labour scarcity; Coping strategies for labour scarcity; Agricultural and Food Policy; J21; J23. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119391 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Ahuja, Usha Rani; Tyagi, Dushayant; Chauhan, Sonia; Chaudhary, Khyali Ram. |
| The study conducted in the state of Haryana has investigated the impact of implementation of MGNREGA in two districts — one agriculturally-advanced (Karnal) and the other agriculturally-backward (Mewat). Besides demographic characteristics, the paper has investigated the difference in the employment status, income, landholding size, herd size and other assets of the sample farm households in these two districts by taking 120 farm families, 60 from each district. The impact of MGNREGA within a district has also been studied in terms of income and employment security, migration, debt repayment, extent of participation in MGNREGA works, socio-economic status, etc. by seeking information from 30 participating and 30 nonparticipating households in MGNREGA works... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: MGNREGA; Rural employment; Rural-urban migration; Haryana; Agricultural and Food Policy; J23; J61. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119403 |
| |
|
|
| Alha, Akhil; Yonzon, Bijoyata. |
| The agricultural sector is India has been characterized with high supply of labour than demand, low wages, skewed distribution of land, and limited options of earning livelihood. This sector has undergone a vast change in recent past, mainly due to the increased rural-to-urban migration and partly due to the inception of MGNREGS and other public works. The structural changes in Indian economy in recent past have made male-migration a lucrative phenomenon while schemes like MGNREGS are found to be attractive for females in rural locations due to various reasons discussed in the paper. This has caused a shortage of farm labour and consequently, an upward push in agricultural wages. The study has suggested that there is a need to implement MGNREGA and other... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: MGNREGS; Farm labour; Rural employment; Labour availability; Agricultural and Food Policy; J22; J61; J23; H23. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119388 |
| |
| Registros recuperados: 20 | |
|
|
|
