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| Registros recuperados: 23 | |
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| Sharma, Gaurav; Joseph, Joby; Tharian, George K.; Dey, S.K.. |
| Among the various promotional schemes targeted for the promotion of rubber in Tripura, Block Plantation Scheme (BPS) has been introduced exclusively for the rehabilitation of scheduled tribes and scheduled castes. BPS is a comprehensive scheme with the characteristic features of group/community approach in all spheres of operations up to primary processing and marketing and family labour participation as wage labour during the immature phase of the plantations spanning six years. However, there has been a distortion in the uninterrupted supply of family labour to the scheme in the recent past due to growing popularity of employment opportunities under the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 (MGNREGA) programme, which may eventually... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Natural rubber; Block Plantation Scheme; Tripura; Rehabilitation; Labour; MGNREGA; Agricultural and Food Policy; J15; J21; J43; J31. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119406 |
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| Duraisamy, P.. |
| There is hardly any estimate of the returns to schooling in India based on a national level representative data for the recent period. This paper provides estimates of the returns to education in India by gender, age cohort and location (by rural-urban) for the most recent period 1993/4, and also evaluates the changes in returns over a period of time from 1983-94 using a large national level household survey data. The data show that the returns to education increases up to the secondary level and declines thereafter. There is evidence of substantial gender and rural-urban differences in the returns to schooling. The returns to women's education for the primary and middle levels have declined while those for secondary and college levels have increased... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Rate of return; Human capital; India; Labor and Human Capital; J31; I21. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28505 |
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| Elsner, Benjamin. |
| This paper studies the impact of a large emigration wave on real wages in the source country. Following EU enlargement in 2004, a large share of the workforce of the Central and Eastern Europe emigrated to Western Europe. Using data from Lithuania for the calibration of a factor demand model I show that emigration had a significant short-run impact on real wages in the source country. In particular, emigration led to a change in the wage distribution between young and old workers. The wages of young workers increased by 6%, whereas the wages of old workers decreased by around 1%. On the contrary, I find no effect on the wage distribution between workers of different education levels. |
| Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: Emigration; EU Enlargement; European Integration; Wage Distribution; Labor and Human Capital; F22; J31; O15; R23. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119098 |
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| Schultz, T. Paul. |
| Wage-differentials by education of men and women are examined from African household surveys to suggest private wage returns to schooling. It is commonly asserted that returns are highest at primary school levels and decrease at secondary and postsecondary levels, whereas private returns in six African countries are today highest at the secondary and post secondary levels, and rates are similar for women as for men. The large public subsidies for postsecondary education in Africa, therefore, are not needed to motivate students to enroll, and those who have in the past enrolled in these levels of education are disproportionately from the better-educated families. Higher education in Africa could be more efficient and more equitably distributed if the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Africa; Wage returns to schooling; Inequality; HIV; AIDS; Labor and Human Capital; 015; 055; J31; J24. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28481 |
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| Schultz, T. Paul. |
| Education, child nutrition, adult health/nutrition, and labor mobility are critical factors in achieving recent sustained growth in factor productivity. To compare the contribution of these four human capital inputs, as expanded specification of the wage function is estimated from household (LSMS) surveys of The Ivory Coast and Ghana. Specification tests assess whether the human capital inputs are exogenous, and instrumental variable techniques are used to estimate the wage function. Smaller panels from the Ivory Coast imply the magnitude of measurement error in the human capital inputs and provide more efficient instruments to estimate the wage equation. The conclusion emerges that weight-for-height and height are endogenous, particularly prone to... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Endogenous human capital returns; Health; Migration; Schooling; Africa; Physical stature; Labor and Human Capital; J24; I12; O15; J31. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28533 |
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| Cunha, Marina Silva da. |
| This work studies the wage differentials and determinants of the employees in Brazilian agriculture, in period 1981-2005, on the basis of the information of the National Research for Sample of Domiciles of the IBGE. The methodology of Heckman is used to correct bias of selection, common in wage equations gotten by Least Ordinary Square, besides the decomposition of Oaxaca-Blinder, to analyze the wage differentials between 1981 and 2005. Between wage determinants, had been analyzed: education, experience, region, weekly working time and formal work, besides some macroeconomic determinants. The results of the work suggest a reduction of the wage differentials, mainly in the end of the studied period, and that the variable education, age and formal work had... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Wages; Heckman; Decomposition of Oaxaca.; Agribusiness; J31; J43. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61227 |
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| Wolthoff, Ronald P.. |
| Much of the job search literature assumes bilateral meetings between workers and firms. This ignores the frictions that arise when meetings are actually multilateral. I analyze the magnitude of these frictions by presenting an equilibrium job search model with an endogenous number of contacts. Workers contact firms by applying to vacancies, whereas firms contact applicants by interviewing them. Sending applications and interviewing applicants are costly activities but increase the probability to match. In equilibrium, contract dispersion arises and workers spread their applications over the different contract types. Estimation of the model on the Employment Opportunities Pilot Projects data set provides values for the cost of an application, the cost of an... |
| Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: Directed Search; Recruitment; Stable Matching; Labor Market Frictions; Structural Estimation; Efficiency; Policy Analysis; Labor and Human Capital; J64; J31; D83. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119114 |
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| Phan, Diep; Coxhead, Ian A.. |
| “Shock therapy” transitions in Eastern Europe facilitated movement of skilled workers into privatized industries offering high wage premia relative to state industries. Other transitional economies (notably China and Vietnam) have been slower to relinquish control over key industries and factor markets. Some costs of this piecemeal approach are now becoming apparent. We examine the spillover of continuing capital market distortions into the market for a complementary factor, skilled labor. Using Vietnamese data we find that capital market segmentation creates a two-track market for skills, in which state sector workers earn high salaries while non-state workers face lower demand and lower compensation. Growth is reduced directly by diminished allocative... |
| Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor; Skills; State-owned; Inequality; Wages; Vietnam; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; J31; P23; F16. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124207 |
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| D’Amuri, Francesco; Ottaviano, Gianmarco I.P.; Peri, Giovanni. |
| We adopt a general equilibrium approach in order to measure the effects of recent immigration on the Western German labor market, looking at both wage and employment effects. Using the Regional File of the IAB Employment Subsample for the period 1987-2001, we find that the substantial immigration of the 1990’s had no adverse effects on native wages and employment levels. It had instead adverse employment and wage effects on previous waves of immigrants. This stems from the fact that, after controlling for education and experience levels, native and migrant workers appear to be imperfect substitutes whereas new and old immigrants exhibit perfect substitutability. Our analysis suggests that if the German labor market were as ‘flexible’ as the UK labor... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Immigration; Skill Complementarities; Employment; Wages; Labor and Human Capital; E24; F22; J61; J31. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6384 |
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| Tansel, Aysit. |
| There is no evidence on the extent of public versus private wage differentials in Turkey. The main objective of this paper is to examine the factors which explain the employment choice and the wage differentials in the public administration, state owned enterprises and the formal private wage sector in Turkey. Selectivity corrected wage equations are estimated for each sector for men and women separately. Oaxaca decomposition of the wage differentials between sectors for men and women are carried out. For this purpose, results of the 1994 Household Expenditure Survey Conducted by the State Institute of Statistics are used. The results indicate that when controlled for observed characteristics and sample selection, for men, public administration wages are... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Public-private wages; Gender; Turkey; Labor and Human Capital; J31; J45; J16. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28377 |
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| Croci Angelini, Elisabetta; Sorana, Silvia. |
| The aim of the paper is to investigate how agricultural relative incomes have changed in recent years, since the CAP has switched its emphasis from price support to rural development. The distributional implications of agricultural and rural policies are indirectly evaluated looking at the dynamics of earnings and wages in agriculture, as well as at the rural household incomes described through monetary and non monetary variables, so to proxy their living standards. Our concern is not particularly on the agricultural policy tools, as much as on the evaluation of their end results. A comparison spanning through time and across countries is performed on the basis of the information provided by the ECHP and EU-SILC surveys. The paper seeks to unravel the... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Income distribution; Standard of living Earnings in agriculture.; Agricultural and Food Policy; D31; E24; J31; N50. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99587 |
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| Kazianga, Harounan. |
| This paper uses national survey data to estimate up-to-date private rates of return to education in Burkina Faso. Mincer earning regressions are fitted to wage data for women and men, and for public and private sector workers. The main results indicate that rates of return rise by level of education, and the public sector does not compensate female primary education. The findings suggest that current education polices which focus on increasing primary schooling supply be complemented with support for children, especially girls from resource constrained households to reach the secondary and tertiary levels. The estimated returns to education are strongly influenced by sample selection. For both men and women, failing to control for both selection in the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Burkina Faso; Education; Labor; Labor and Human Capital; I21; J31. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28388 |
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| Rosenzweig, Mark R.. |
| A framework for understanding the determinants in the variation in the pricing of skills across countries and the model underlying the Mincer specification of wages that is used widely to estimate the relationship between schooling and wages are described. A method for identifying skill prices and for testing the Mincer model, using wages and the human capital attributes of workers located around the world, is discussed. A global wage equation that nests the Mincer specification is estimated that provides skill price estimates for 140 countries. The estimates reject the Mincer model. The skill price estimates indicate that variation in skill prices dominates the cross-country variation in schooling levels or rates of return to schooling in accounting for... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Wage; Skill price; International migration; Inequality; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; J31; J61. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56757 |
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| Sharif, Najma R.; Dar, Atul A.. |
| Most studies of wage differentials explain such differentials in terms of factors like gender, race, and human capital. But systematic gaps in earnings can arise even among homogenous individuals as a result of asymmetric employer and worker information gaps, thereby reflecting labour market inefficiency. This paper estimates these gaps in terms of wage differentials across various population groups in Canada. We examine 21 populations groups, which include a number of immigrant groups as well. Information gaps are likely to be important in the context of immigrants, especially those new to Canadian labour markets. Our special interest is not only to compare information gaps of immigrant and other population groups, but also to assess whether (and how)... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Labour markets; Information gaps; Wages; Labor and Human Capital; J31; J61; J64. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50162 |
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| Huang, Fung-Mey. |
| In this study, we examine the association of urban-to-rural migration with the deterioration of labor market in urban sector due to the globalization of markets and production. Two measures of the relative impacts of globalization on urban and rural labor markets: changes in rural-urban real earning differential and changes in the rural-urban probabilities of being employed. We, thus, address the following questions. What would be the changes in both rural-urban real earning differential and the rural-urban differential in the probabilities of being employed over the last decade? Can real earning differentials or employment differentials, or both significantly influence the urban-to-rural migration decisions? Which one plays a pivotal role in the analysis?... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Globalization; Labor migration; Agricultural sector; Community/Rural/Urban Development; J31; I20. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9953 |
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| Harish, B.G.; Napraj, N.; Chendrakant, M.G.; Murthy, P.S. Srikantha; Chengappa, P.G.; Basavaraj, G.. |
| This study has evaluated the impact of MGNREGA on income generation and labour supply in agriculture in one of the districts in central dry zone of Karnataka. Results have shown that the number of days worked in a year with the implementation of MGNREGA programme has significantly increased to 201 days, reflecting 16 per cent increase. Regression analysis has revealed that gender, education and family size of the workers are the significant factors influencing the worker’s employment under the Program. The increase in income is to the tune of 9.04 per cent due to additional employment generated from MGNERGA. In the total income, the contribution of agriculture is the highest (63%), followed by non-agricultural income (29%) and MGNREGA income (8%).... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: MGNREGA; Labour supply; Labour scarcity; Income generation; Employment; Agricultural and Food Policy; J21; J22; J31. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119402 |
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| Registros recuperados: 23 | |
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