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Registros recuperados: 8
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Retail and Wholesale Market Power in Organic Foods AgEcon
Richards, Timothy J.; Acharya, Ram N.; Molina, Ignacio.
The demand for organic fresh fruits and vegetable continues to grow at a rate far higher than the rest of the produce industry. The cost of meeting organic certification standards, however, has meant that supply has been slow to adjust. With limited supply, we hypothesize that organic suppliers enjoy more market power in bargaining over their share of the retail-production cost margin for fresh apples. We test this hypothesis using a random parameters, generalized extreme value demand model (mixed logit) combined with a structural model of retail and wholesale pricing that allows conduct to vary by product attributes (organic or non-organic) and time. We find that organic growers do indeed earn a larger share of the total margin than non-organic...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Organics; Market power; Mixed logit; Game theory; Non-linear pricing.; Industrial Organization; C35; D12; D43; L13; L41; Q13..
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49329
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Foreclosing Competition through Access Charges and Price Discrimination AgEcon
Lopez, Angel L.; Rey, Patrick.
This article analyzes competition between two asymmetric networks, an incumbent and a new entrant. Networks compete in non-linear tariffs and may charge different prices for on-net and off-net calls. Departing from cost-based access pricing allows the incumbent to foreclose the market in a profitable way. If the incumbent benefits from customer inertia, then it has an incentive to insist in the highest possible access markup even if access charges are reciprocal and even in the absence of actual switching costs. If instead the entrant benefits from customer activism, then foreclosure is profitable only when switching costs are large enough.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Access Pricing; Entry Deterrence; Interconnection; Network Competition; Two-way Access; Financial Economics; L41; L51; L96.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55326
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Empirical evidence on the role of non linear wholesale pricing and vertical restraints on cost pass-through AgEcon
Bonnet, Céline; Dubois, Pierre; Villas-Boas, Sofia Berto.
How a cost shock is passed through into final consumer prices may relate to nominal price stickiness and rigidities, the existence of non adjustable cost components, strategic mark-up adjustments, or other contract terms along the supply distribution chain. This paper presents a simple framework to assess the potential role of non linear pricing contracts and vertical restraints such as resale price maintenance or wholesale price discrimination in the supply chain in explaining the degree of pass-through from upstream cost shocks in the ground coffee category to downstream retail prices. We do so in the German coffee market where both upstream and downstream firms make pricing decisions allowing for non linear pricing and vertical restraints. Using...
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Non Linear Pricing; Multiple Manufacturers and Retailers; Ground Coffee; Pass-Through; Resale Price Maintenance; Wholesale Price Discrimination; Consumer/Household Economics; C13; L13; L41.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120534
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Commodity Price Pass-Through in Differentiated Retail Food Markets AgEcon
Richards, Timothy J.; Allender, William J.; Pofahl, Geoffrey M..
Prices for nearly all basic commodity rose at unprecedented rates throughout early 2008, only to fall nearly as fast as financial markets and global economies began to collapse. Rising food prices in 2008 led to concerns that commodity price spikes would lead to more general food inflation, but by early 2009 interest focused more on the seeming inability of food prices to fall back down with commodity prices. This study provides an empirical investigation into the pass-through of commodity prices to retail prices for two different types of food products: potatoes and fluid milk. The results show that pass-through depends on the nature of the food in question, but is generally consistent with theoretical models of pricing by sellers of multiple,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Commodity prices; Conduct; Industrial organization; Inflation; Market power; Nested logit; Pass-through; Random parameters model; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Industrial Organization; C35; D12; D43; L13; L41; Q13.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61187
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The Deep-Pocket Effect of Internal Capital Markets AgEcon
Boutin, Xavier; Cestone, Giacinta; Fumagalli, Chiara; Pica, Giovanni; Serrano-Velarde, Nicolas.
This paper provides evidence that incumbents' access to group deep pockets has a negative impact on entry in product markets. Relying on a unique French data set on business groups, the paper presents three major findings. First, consistent with theoretical predictions, the amount of financial resources owned by incumbent-affiliated groups has a negative impact on entry in a market. This suggests that internal capital markets operate within corporate groups and that they have a potential anti-competitive effect. Second, the impact on entry of group financial strength is more important in markets where access to external funding is likely to be more difficult. Third, the more active are internal capital markets, the more pronounced the effect on entry of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Business Groups; Cash Holdings; Internal Capital Markets; Deep-Pockets; Market Entry; Financial Economics; G32; G38; L41.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55829
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Collusion and seasonality of market price - A case of fixed market shares AgEcon
Bejger, Sylwester.
The paper develops a simple supergame model of collusion that focuses on the role of fixed (exogenous to game played) system of quantity market shares. Conclusions implied by the model could be used to motivate data - saving markers of collusion based on market price behavior. Following conclusions of the theoretical model we propose marker of collusion based on detecting changes in seasonal parameters of prices in periods of possible collusion. An empirical application of method has been done on well known data of Lysine cartel case.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Collusion; Repeated games; Fixed market shares; Seasonality of market price; Financial Economics; L11; L13; L41.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95962
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Acquisitions and Integration in the Beef Industry AgEcon
Anderson, John D.; Hudson, Darren.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries; L11; L41; L42; Q13.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93678
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Using Retail Scanner Data for Upstream Merger Analysis: Counterfactual Experiments in the Retail Coffee Market AgEcon
Villas-Boas, Sofia Berto.
The typical situation faced by antitrust authorities is to analyze and rule on a proposed merger by two or more manufacturers using scanner data at retail-level in a particular industry. This paper presents a simple framework to assess merger welfare effects in markets where both upstream and downstream firms make pricing decisions. I start with a benchmark model of manufacturers’ and retailers’ sequential pricing behavior. Then using counterfactual experiments, I explore the relationship between downstream retailer pricing models and the resulting estimates of upstream mergers. This exercise is done in the absence of wholesale prices looking at scanner data for the ground coffee category sold at several retail chains in Germany. I find that not...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Merger Analysis; Vertical relationships; Multiple manufacturers and retailers; Demand and Price Analysis; C13; L13; L41.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7163
Registros recuperados: 8
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