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| Registros recuperados: 16 | |
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| Keng, Shao-Hsun; Huffman, Wallace E.. |
| Health, like schooling, is a form of human capital and can be expected to be positively related to labor productivity and labor supply. The production of good health and labor productivity, however, sometimes competes with an individual's lifestyle, e.g., binge drinking. In this study, an individual's health has three dimensions: current health status, binge drinking which is an unhealthy lifestyle, and stature or mature height which is a young adult's health endowment. This study presents and fits a dynamic model of an individual's demand for health, demand for binge drinking, labor supply, and wage or demand for labor equations to NLSY 1979 cohort panel data of young people. We find that binge drinking has a negative but insignificant effect on the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Health; Labor productivity; Labor supply; Binge drinking; Youth; Panel data; Rational addiction; Human capital; Health Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18252 |
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| Adhvaryu, Achyuta; Nyshadham, Anant. |
| We estimate the effects of higher quality healthcare usage on health, labor supply and schooling outcomes for sick individuals in Tanzania. Using exogenous variation in the cost of formal sector healthcare to predict treatment choice, we show that using better quality care improves health outcomes and changes the allocation of time amongst productive activities. In particular, sick adults who receive better quality care reallocate time from non-farm to farm labor, leaving total labor hours unchanged. Among sick children, school attendance significantly increases as a result of receiving higher quality healthcare, but labor allocations are unaffected. We interpret these results as evidence that healthcare has heterogeneous effects on marginal productivity... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor supply; Health shocks; Schooling; Tanzania; Health Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital; I10; J22; J43; O12. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107260 |
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| Kamau, Mercy W.; Burger, Kees; Giller, Ken E.; Kuyvenhoven, Arie. |
| This paper evaluates how efficiently farm households allocate labor between farm and off-farm activities. It estimates farm and off-farm labor supply functions to determine the factors that influence labor allocation. Both the shadow wage and the off-farm wage rate are included as regressors in the supply functions. The study reveals that, on average, farm households are inefficient, but when linked to labor markets their productivity and internal efficiency increase. The decision to sell labor is influenced by location, and off-farm employment is difficult to find, particularly for the better educated. Interventions should aim to increase opportunities for off-farm employment for persons with skills or with higher than the basic level of education, and to... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Labor market; Allocative efficiency; Labor supply; Kenya; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56926 |
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| Jia, Lili; Petrick, Martin. |
| Research on agricultural development in China has increasingly paid attention to the potentially negative effects of highly fragmented farm structures. This study provides a deeper theoretical understanding of the linkages between land fragmentation and off-farm labor supply and investigates this relationship empirically in a more direct and robust way than in the existing literature. Drawing upon a rural household panel dataset collected in Zhejiang, Hubei and Yunnan provinces from 1995-2002, we estimate the effects in two steps. First, we estimate the effect of land fragmentation on labor productivity using a time-demeaned translog production function. Second, we estimate the effect of land fragmentation on off-farm labor supply using Wooldridge’s (1995)... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Land fragmentation; Off-farm; Labor supply; China; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114522 |
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| Brown, Jason P.. |
| Most U.S. farm households have either the operator or spouse working off-farm for wages and salaries or proprietorships. Additionally, off-farm income continues to grow as a share of total household income. Little is known about how changes in local industrial composition impact off-farm labor decisions. Using a household utility maximization framework, this analysis employs a two-stage process to 1) predict joint off-farm labor participation of operators and spouses, and 2) measure the impact of farm and household characteristics, and changes in county-level industry on levels of off-farm labor supply. Results show that labor participation decisions are jointly determined. Human capital is among the most significant individual characteristics impacting... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Farm household; Labor supply; Bivariate logit; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; Q12; J22; R23. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103555 |
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| Stafford, Tess. |
| This paper analyzes the bias associated with ignoring the multi-species aspect of labor supply decisions in spatially explicit bioeconomic fishery models. Recent advancements have been made to simultaneously model the biology of a marine species and the strategic behavior of harvesters over both time and space in order to more accurately predict the effect of regulatory policies on harvester effort and resource population. These models assume a nested choice structure in which the harvester first faces a dichotomous decision between fishing for the target species or not on a given day and then chooses a location to fish conditional on participation. This structure implicitly groups all non-target species options together in the first nest forcing... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Multi-species fisheries; Labor supply; Fisheries management; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124367 |
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| Yamauchi, Futoshi; Buthelezi, Thabani; Velia, Myriam. |
| This paper examines the impact of prime-age adult mortality on the transition from school to the labor market of adolescents and on decisions by female adults to participate in the labor force in South Africa. The analysis focuses on that period— 1998–2004—when South Africa experienced excess mortality due to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. We find, first, that deaths of prime-age adults significantly increase both male and female adolescents’ labor force participation because they stop their schooling in order to help support their families. Female school enrollment may also decrease because girls are required to stay at home to take care of the sick. Therefore, the total negative impact on schooling is larger among female adolescents than among male adolescents.... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Prime-age adult mortality; Schooling; Labor supply; Gender; South Africa; Health Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55893 |
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| Key, Nigel D.; Roberts, Michael J.. |
| The first part of this paper presents a simple labor supply and production model wherein farmers with diminishing marginal utility of income derive nonpecuniary benefits from farming. We use the model to show how lump-sum or decoupled government payments could have positive and substantial effects on the supply of agricultural products. The result is simple and intuitive: payments allow those who enjoy farming to continue farming while maintaining a reasonably high living standard. Without payments, a lower living standard leads to higher marginal utility of income, making higher off-farm wages more desirable than lower on-farm wages plus non-pecuniary benefits from farming. Farmers respond to a reduction in payments by shifting their labor off-farm... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Decoupled payments; Government payments; Nonpecuniary benefits; Labor supply; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9831 |
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| Registros recuperados: 16 | |
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