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| Bloch, Harry; Sapsford, David. |
| More than two centuries ago in his Essay on the Principle of Population, Thomas Malthus famously issued his dire prediction that mankind was doomed to survival at a subsistence level. His concept of population growth expanding to absorb the available food supply has been roundly contradicted by history, thanks in part to a declining birth rate in rich countries. However, economics is still the “dismal science”, as the underlying idea of natural resource scarcity impinging on the prospects for progress remains a cornerstone of modern economics. In the case of agriculture, the proposition is that more people or richer people increase the demand for food and given the constraint on arable land, this means that food becomes scarce. In economics, price is taken... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Malthus; Food prices; Schumpeter; Demand and Price Analysis. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124240 |
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| Schultz, T. Paul. |
| The associations between fertility and outcomes in the family and society have been treated as causal, but this is inaccurate if fertility is a choice coordinated by families with other life-cycle decisions, including labour supply of mothers and children, child human capital, and savings. Estimating how exogenous changes in fertility that are uncorrelated with preferences or constraints affect others depends on our specifying a valid instrumental variable for fertility. Twins have served as such an instrument and confirm that the cross-effects of fertility estimated on the basis of this instrument are smaller in absolute value than their associations. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Fertility Determination; Malthus; Household Demands; Fertility Effects; Labor and Human Capital; D13; J13; N30; O15. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10119 |
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| Burger, Kees. |
| Following the example of Tiffen et al. on Machakos, Kenya, new macro-based evidence was collected in Machakos, the neighbouring Kitui district and in Benin, Cameroon and the Philippines, to assess the factors à la Boserup, inducing transitions towards sustainable land management, such as terracing, stone bands etc. We find that relative scarcity of land can be seen to induce technical changes, in the sense of Hayami & Ruttan, that correspond to the new relative scarcity, making higher man-land ratios the optimal choice. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Soil and water conservation; Sustainable agriculture; Induced innovation; Boserup; Malthus; Land Economics/Use; Q12; Q21; Q28. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24517 |
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