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| Dungan, R.S.. |
| Airborne microorganisms and microbial byproducts from intensive livestock and manure management systems are a potential health risk to workers and individuals in nearby communities. This report presents information on zoonotic pathogens in animal wastes and the generation, fate, and transport of bioaerosols associated with animal feeding operations and land applied manures. Though many bioaerosol studies have been conducted at animal production facilities, few have investigated the transport of bioaerosols during the land application of animal manures. As communities in rural areas converge with land application sites, concerns over bioaerosol exposure will certainly increase. While most studies at animal operations and wastewater spray irrigation sites... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Manure Management; Manure. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1405/1/1375.pdf |
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| Dungan, R.S.; Leytem, A.B.; Verwey, S.; Bjorneberg, D.L.. |
| Increased bioaerosol loadings in downwind plumes from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) may increase the risk for allergy and infection in humans. In this study we monitored airborne concentrations of culturable bacteria and fungi at upwind (background) and downwind sites at a 10,000 milking cow dairy over the course of a year. The average bacterial concentrations at the upwind site were 8,400 colony forming units (CFU)/cubic meter and increased to 990,000 CFU/cubic meter at the downwind edge of the cattle pens, decreasing to 63,000 CFU/cubic meter 200 m farther downwind. At the same sites, the average fungal concentrations were 515, 945, and 1010 CFU/cubic meter, respectively. Significant correlations between the ambient weather data and... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Manure Management; Air Emissions; Bioaerosols. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1403/1/1373.pdf |
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| Biswas, S; Kranz, W.L.; Shapiro, C.A.; Mamo, M.; Bartlelt-Hunt, S.L.; Snow, D.D.; Tarkalson, D.D.; Shelton, D.P.; Mader, T.L.; van Donk, Simon J.; Zhang, T.C.. |
| Beef feedlot manure distributed to row crop production areas is a potential surface water contaminant source of the steroid hormones commonly used in beef cattle production. This article reports on research conducted at the University of Nebraska Haskell Agricultural Laboratory near Concord, Nebraska, in July 2009. Manure, collected from beef feedlot pens, was stockpiled for ten months prior to application to a row crop field. Previous research identified that the detection frequency of steroid hormones in beef manure varies greatly. Thus, a surrogate (17 alpha-ethynylestradiol, EE2) was applied at a rate of 75 g per ha to ensure detectable concentrations in surface runoff samples. EE2 was applied directly to beef cattle manure and to bare soil. The EE2... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Manure Management; Tillage; Soil. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1554/1/1510.pdf |
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| Leytem, A.B.; Dungan, R.S.; Bjorneberg, D.L.; Koehn, A.C.. |
| Concentrated dairy operations emit trace gases such as ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) to the atmosphere. The implementation of air quality regulations in livestock-producing states increases the need for accurate on-farm determination of emission rates. The objective of this study was to determine the emission rates of NH3, CH4, and N2O from the open-freestall and wastewater pond source areas on a commercial dairy located in southern Idaho. Gas concentrations and wind statistics were measured each month and used with an inverse dispersion model to calculate emission rates. Average emissions per cow per day from the open-freestall source area were 0.10 kg NH3 and 0.47 kg CH4. Average emissions from the wastewater ponds (g m-2 d-1)... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Air Emissions; Animal Production; Manure Management. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1501/1/1464.pdf |
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| Lentz, R.D.; Ippolito, J.A.; Spokas, K.A.. |
| Amending soil with biochar may be a means of sequestering atmospheric CO2 and improving soil quality, but few multiyear field studies have examined the impacts of a one-time biochar application in an irrigated, calcareous soil. We fall-applied four treatments: dairy manure (18.7 tons/ac dry wt.); hardwood-derived biochar (10 tons/ac dry wt.); combined biochar and manure; and no amendments (control). We measured net N-mineralization using buried soil bags and soil greenhouse gas emissions (CO2, CH4, and N2O) from late spring to fall, corn silage yields, and crop N uptake each year. The influence of biochar and manure on silage yield changed with time after application in fall 2008. Biochar increased corn yields slightly (5%) in 2009, decreased yields by 14%... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Soils; Manure Management; Calcareous soil; Soil quality; Soil. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1584/1/1540.pdf |
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| Dungan, R.S.; Leytem, A.B.. |
| Endotoxins are derived from gram-negative bacteria and are a potent inducer of inflammatory reactions in the respiratory tract when inhaled. To assess daily fluctuations of airborne endotoxin and their potential for transport from dairies, endotoxin concentrations were monitored over an 8-h period at upwind (background) and downwind (5 m from edge of dairy) locations on three separate days at two dairies. The dairies consisted of an open-lot or an open-freestall production system, both of which were stocked with 10,000 milking cows. Upwind concentrations were stable throughout the sampling period, averaging between 1.2 and 36.8 endotoxin units (EU) m-3, whereas downwind concentration averages ranged from 179 to 989 EU-3. Downwind endotoxin concentrations... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Air Emissions; Endotoxins; Manure Management. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://eprints.nwisrl.ars.usda.gov/1411/1/1381.pdf |
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