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| Registros recuperados: 43 | |
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| Maire, Eva; D'Agata, Stephanie; Aliaume, Catherine; Mouillot, David; Darling, Emily S.; Ramahery, Volanirina; Ranaivoson, Ravaka; Randriamanantsoa, Bemahafaly; Tianarisoa, Tantely F.; Santisy, Abdoul; Cinner, Joshua E.. |
| Rapid degradation of the world’s coral reefs jeopardizes their ecological functioning and ultimately imperils the wellbeing of the millions of people with reef-dependent livelihoods. Ecosystem accessibility is the main driver of their conditions, with the most accessible ecosystems being most at risk of resource depletion. People’s socioeconomic conditions can change as they get further from urban centers and can profoundly influence people’s relationship with the environment. However, the mechanisms through which increasing accessibility from human societies affects natural resources are still unclear. A plausible mechanism through which markets influence the environment is through the socioeconomic changes that tend to accompany accessibility. We used... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Accessibility; Coral reef fisheries; Fish biomass; Market access; Social-ecological systems. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00652/76440/77528.pdf |
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| Wainio, John; Gehlhar, Mark J.; Dyck, John H.. |
| Since 2001, the United States has concluded negotiations with 13 countries, resulting in 8 trade agreements (TAs). Three additional agreements have been negotiated but not yet ratified by Congress, as of March 2011. Other countries have become increasingly active in negotiating their own trade pacts. This proliferation of TAs between key U.S. trading partners and competitors may have raised concerns among U.S. exporters, whose share in established markets could be eroded by such deals. In this study, ERS examines how recently concluded TAs between ASEAN (Southeast Asia) countries and China and Australia/New Zealand, as well as pending TAs between the United States and Korea, Colombia, and Panama, will likely affect U.S. agricultural trade. Model results... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Market access; Free trade agreements; Tariffs; Trade agreements; Trade creation; Trade diversion; Trade promotion agreements; GTAP model.; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102754 |
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| Olper, Alessandro; Raimondi, Valentina. |
| This paper uses a gravity-like structure derived from a monopolistic competition model to measure market access among Canada, USA, Japan and EU Quad countries over the 1996-2001 period. We explore the overall asymmetry and 18 food industrial-level asymmetries of bilateral trade openness. Using actual bilateral estimates of tariffs and nontariff barriers, we investigate their role in explaining the trade reduction effect of national borders. A representative estimate of market access shows that higher asymmetries exist in USA, Canada and EU trade with Japan. Quite surprisingly, the last country is always more open than the reverse. Finally, we found that tariffs and NTBs explain a significant part of the border effects and that the NTB role is often... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Market access; Food trade; Asymmetry; Gravity; QUAD countries; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q17. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24596 |
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| Ulimwengu, John M.; Funes, Jose; Headey, Derek D.; You, Liang. |
| Given its vast land resources and favorable water supply, the Democratic Republic of Congo's (DRC) natural agricultural potential is immense. However, the economic potential of the sector is handicapped by one of the most dilapidated transport systems in the developing world (World Bank, 2006). Road investments are therefore a high priority in the government's investment plans, and those of its major donors. Whilst these are encouraging signs, very little is known about how the existing road network constrains agricultural and rural development, and how these new road investments would address these constraints. To inform this issue the present paper primarily employs GIS-based data to assess the impact of market access on agricultural and rural... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Infrastructure; Market access; Road and river transport; Agricultural production; Poverty.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49292 |
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| Lim, Song-Soo. |
| The purpose of this paper is to simulate the proposed modality in market access and estimate its potential impacts on Korea's tariff profile. By accommodating a tiered formula for tariff reduction, the modality attempts to harmonize tariffs across products and countries. When no flexibility in tariff cuts is taken into account, Korea would face up to 68 percent reduction in tariffs in an average term (the baseline). The provision of sensitive products in which the tariff cuts are allowed to deviate from the tiered formula by two-thirds at a maximum is likely to bring about 11 percentage points of maximum tariff saving effects compared with the baseline case. Besides, Korea would be able to maximize savings in tariff reductions by 25 percentage points by... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Tariff; Tiered formula; Modality; Market access; Doha Round; Korea; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45677 |
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| Minot, Nicholas. |
| In Tanzania, as in many other developing countries, the conventional wisdom is that economic reforms may have stimulated economic growth, but that the benefits of this growth have been uneven, favoring urban households and farmers with good market access. This idea, although quite plausible, has rarely been tested empirically. In this paper, we develop a new approach to measuring trends in poverty and apply it to Tanzania in order to explore the distributional aspects of economic growth and the relationship between rural poverty and market access. We find that, between 1991 and 2003, a period of extensive economic reforms, the overall rate of poverty fell about 9 percentage points. The degree of poverty reduction was similar between rural and urban areas,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Tanzania; Poverty; Market access; Agricultural development; Rural areas; Economic reform; Measurement; Rural poverty; International Development; I32; O18; O55; Q13; R11. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59829 |
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| Vincent, Michel. |
| The issue of extending geographic indicator protection to products other than wines and spirits has created wide divergences between demandeurs and opponent countries at the WTO. This article examines the economic impacts of the proposals submitted at the WTO by these two groups of countries, focusing mainly on market access, generic names and impacts for the consumer in North America. Results from our survey show that reducing tariff and non-tariff barriers in North America would be more important in improving market access for EU geographical indications (GIs) than would GI extension. In addition, it would appear that North American consumers may not benefit from extension of protection to products other than wines and spirits.. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Generic names; Geographical indications; Market access; WTO; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9383 |
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| Bahiigwa, Godfrey. |
| This paper reviews the opportunities and challenges that Eastern African farmers face in accessing domestic, regional and international markets. With rising population and incomes, domestic markets offer great opportunities for farmers. However, because of structural, institutional and organizational constraints, small scale rural farmers may not benefit much from domestic urban markets unless they are organized and trained to meet the high quality product standards demanded by urban consumers and supermarkets. ECA countries stand to gain more by investing in commodities that are consumed within the region, than from traditional cash crops destined for international markets. Regional integration offers opportunities for larger markets and efficiency gains... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Market access; Trade reforms; Regional integration; Economic growth; Eastern African farmers; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25270 |
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| Listorti, Giulia; Kempen, Markus; Girardin, Jean; Kranzlein, Tim. |
| In a context in which price uncertainty is likely to increase, expected market trends need to be taken carefully into account while negotiating international trade policy rules. This paper aims at analyzing what is their influence on the use of policy flexibilities in the context of WTO agricultural negotiations. In particular, within the market access pillar, we focus on the selection of sensitive products. Our model, TRIMAG (Tariff Reduction Impact Model for Agriculture), defined at the 8-digit level, optimizes the domestic agricultural value added subject to a maximum number of sensitive tariff lines, accounting for various future international price scenarios. Furthermore, we test the use of alternative options for the implementation of “tariff... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: WTO agricultural negotiations; Market access; Sensitive products; International Relations/Trade; F13; Q17. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114381 |
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| Niebuhr, Annekatrin. |
| EU enlargement is supposed to entail profound impact on the location of economic activities in Europe. Although there is concern about the implications of enlargement for regional disparities in the EU, corresponding empirical results are still rare. The objective of this analysis is to provide empirical evidence on enlargement effects with a special focus on border regions in the EU27 since they are likely to play a critical role within the spatial dynamics initiated by integration. Departing from a three-region economic geography model we investigate whether changes in market access released by integration result in above-average integration benefits in border regions. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Integration; Market access; EU enlargement; Border regions; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; C21; F15; R12. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26384 |
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| Lin, Ying; Ren, Da-peng. |
| On the basis of defining the concept of market access for agricultural products, this paper analyzes the necessity of establishing market access system of agricultural products, proposes the conception of establishing market access system of agricultural products in China; sets up the frame of market access system of agricultural products; analyzes the rationality of the frame of market access system of agricultural products; poses the consideration of economic law regarding setup of market access system of agricultural products. This paper also puts forward the legislative suggestions for establishing market access system of agricultural products as follows: establish the frame of market access system of agricultural products taking quality access as... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural products; Market access; Quality safety of agricultural products; Legal system; China; Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113473 |
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| Erenstein, Olaf. |
| Lowland development efforts in West Africa have a mixed record. The paper posits that this is due to the neglect of: (1) market opportunity as driving force for lowland use; and (2) the wider context within which lowlands are used as important modifier. The paper applies a regression-based decomposition framework to analyze the factors driving and modifying lowland use in West Africa. It uses community-level data from 1014 geo-referenced lowland units around four urban centers along an agro-ecological gradient in Cote d'Ivoire and Mali. Tobit models are used to explain the extent of lowland non-use (seasonal fallow), its diversity (in terms of rice and other crop cultivation) and its land use intensity (double cropping). Results highlight that proximity to... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Urban - rural linkages; Market access; Agro-ecological gradient; West Africa; Lowland use; Peri-urban agriculture; O18; O3; Q15; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25288 |
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| Bouet, Antoine; Mishra, Santosh; Roy, Devesh. |
| This paper addresses the question of whether Africa is an undertrading continent. We answer this question using a much-improved data set for obtaining predicted trade and by employing methods that correct for bias in estimates of undertrading. Our results indicate that globally Africa is an underexporter in our preferred Heckman specification. This result is robust to the addition of various controls and the application of variants of the gravity model of trade. We also looked for explanations for Africa’s undertrading. We found that accounting for transport and communication infrastructure reduced the undertrading effect for Africa, and in some specifications of the gravity model, the under-trading effect vanished altogether. Results from a semiparametric... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Gravity model; Undertrading; Trade related infrastructure; Market access; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42320 |
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| Maas, Sarah; Matthews, Alan. |
| This paper examines the performance of African agri-food exports to the EU market over the first decade of the new millennium. The EU is Africa’s single largest export market absorbing just half of all African agri-food exports. Countries are grouped according to the preferential trade regime they enjoy to enter the EU market: North African countries under EuroMed agreements; least developed African countries under the Everything but Arms arrangement; other African countries under the Cotonou Agreement; and South Africa under its Trade, Development and Cooperation Agreement. Despite these preferences, Africa appears to be losing market share. A shift-share analysis confirms that, with the exception of the African Mediterranean countries, the... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Africa; EU; Agricultural exports; Market access; Preference agreements; Food Security and Poverty; F14; Q17. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114664 |
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| Registros recuperados: 43 | |
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