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TECHNICAL INVESTIGATION ON THE METHOD AND CONSTRAINTS ON CASHEW NUTS PROCESSING IN ENUGU STATE 111
chikwado, ugwu kenneth.
Technical investigation on the method and constraints on cashew nuts processing in Enugu state of Nigeria was carried out and a survey made involving the use of questionnaire and personal interview during the field trips. The aim was to technically investigate the difficulties encounter in cashew nuts processing in Enugu State and suggest the means of improving on the difficulties. The manual and mechanical methods of processing cashew nuts were investigated. From the result of the survey, it was found that majority of cashew nuts processors visited processed the nuts by manual means and only few were processing mechanically.  The results showed that most of the machines from the mechanical processors visited were not functional.  The results of the survey...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Technical; Investigation; Method; Constraints; Cashew Nuts; Processing.
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/5094
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A radiographic method to estimate lung volume and its use in small mammals 48
CANALS,MAURICIO; OLIVARES,RICARDO; ROSENMANN,Mario.
In this paper we develop a method to estimate lung volume using chest x-rays of small mammals. We applied this method to assess the lung volume of several rodents. We showed that a good estimator of the lung volume is: V*L = 0.496 · V RX ≈ 1/2·V RX , where V RX is a measurement obtained from the x-ray that represents the volume of a rectangular box containing the lungs and mediastinum organs. The proposed formula may be interpreted as the volume of an ellipsoid formed by both lungs joined at their bases. When that relationship was used to estimate lung volume, values similar to those expected from allometric relationship were found in four rodents. In two others, M. musculus and R. norvegicus, lung volume was similar to reported data, although...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Lung volume; X-ray; Method; Rodents.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602005000100006
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Analysis of rhythmic variance - ANORVA. A new simple method for detecting rhythms in biological time series 48
Celec,Peter.
Cyclic variations of variables are ubiquitous in biomedical science. A number of methods for detecting rhythms have been developed, but they are often difficult to interpret. A simple procedure for detecting cyclic variations in biological time series and quantification of their probability is presented here. Analysis of rhythmic variance (ANORVA) is based on the premise that the variance in groups of data from rhythmic variables is low when a time distance of one period exists between the data entries. A detailed stepwise calculation is presented including data entry and preparation, variance calculating, and difference testing. An example for the application of the procedure is provided, and a real dataset of the number of papers published per day in...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Chronobiology; Time series; Method; ANORVA; Analysis of rhythmic variance; Circaseptan; Cycle; Rhyth.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602004000500007
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Determination of N-nitrosamines and N-nitrosables substances in rubber teats and sothers by GC-TEA 52
Vieira,Eleno Rodrigues; Pierozan,Nilso José; Lovison,Viviane.
N-Nitrosamines are receiving special attention because they present high mutagenic and carcinogenic potential. They can be found in several areas. In rubber, for example, they can be found in Nipples and Pacifiers. Spiegelhalder and Pressumann, have observed that N-Nitrosamines present in nipples and pacifiers could easily migrate to artificial saliva. They have also observed that a considerable amount of N-Nitrosamines precursors, such as nitrosable amines, could migrate to saliva, increasing the possibility of N-Nitrosamines formation into the stomach of living beings. In 80's, Holland, Germany and FDA-U.S.A. have established volatile N-Nitrosamines limit levels. In 2002, in Brazil, limit levels came through Resolução RDC n° 221 of ANVISA. This...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: N-Nitrosamines; Method; Nipples and pacifiers.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132006000200012
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A method for multiple sequential analyses of macrophage functions using a small single cell sample 56
Nascimento,F.R.F.; Rodríguez,D.; Gomes,E.; Fernvik,E.C.; Russo,M..
Microbial pathogens such as bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) induce the activation of macrophages. Activated macrophages can be characterized by the increased production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen metabolites, generated via NADPH oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase, respectively, and by the increased expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules (MHC II). Multiple microassays have been developed to measure these parameters. Usually each assay requires 2-5 x 10(5) cells per well. In some experimental conditions the number of cells is the limiting factor for the phenotypic characterization of macrophages. Here we describe a method whereby this limitation can be circumvented. Using a single 96-well microassay and a very small...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Macrophages; Nitric oxide; Hydrogen peroxide; MHC II; Method.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000900012
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Illumina sequencing and assessment of new cost-efficient protocol for metagenomic-DNA extraction from environmental water samples 58
Hassan,Mariam; Essam,Tamer; Megahed,Salwa.
Abstract In this study, the development and assessment of a modified, efficient, and cost-efficient protocol for mDNA (metagenomic DNA) extraction from contaminated water samples was attempted. The efficiency of the developed protocol was investigated in comparison to a well-established commercial kit (Epicentre, Metagenomic DNA Isolation Kit for Water). The comparison was in terms of degree of shearing, yield, purity, duration, suitability for polymerase chain reaction and next-generation sequencing in addition to the quality of next-generation sequencing data. The DNA yield obtained from the developed protocol was 2.6 folds higher than that of the commercial kit. No significant difference in the alpha (Observed species, Chao1, Simpson and PD whole tree)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Method; Microbiome; Next-generation sequencing; QIIME.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822018000500001
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Correlation between antioxidant activity and coffee beverage quality by Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopic 64
Barbosa,Jeam Haroldo Oliveira; Luna,Jorge Antonio Gómez; Kinoshita,Angela Mitie Otta; Baffa Filho,Oswaldo.
Brazil is the largest producer of coffee in the world and coffee prices are directly linked to grain quality. In this work, the antioxidant activity of coffee was related to its quality through Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy (ESR), as an attempt to establish a non-subjective method to classify the grain quality. For that purpose, the IC50 and temporal monitoring of its non-oxidized fraction were determined for three bean qualities: Soft (High), Hard (Medium) and Rio (Low). Methanolic solution of 2,2-difenil-1-picril-hidrazila (DPPH), that has a stable radical and a JEOL FA-200 (X-Band) spectrometer were used for these tests. The temporal monitoring of reaction between radical and coffee was performed. The rate of reduced or of antioxidated radicals...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Classify; Method; IC50.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-70542013000600002
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Optimization of the HS-SPME-GC/MS technique for determining volatile compounds in red wines made from Isabel grapes (Vitis labrusca) 116
ARCANJO,Narciza Maria de Oliveira; BEZERRA,Taliana Kênia Alvez; SILVA,Flávio Luís Honorato da; MADRUGA,Marta Suely.
Abstract Brazilian wine production is characterized by Vitis labrusca grape varieties, especially the economically important Isabel cultivar, with over 80% of its production destined for table wine production. The objective of this study was to optimize and validate the conditions for extracting volatile compounds from wine with the solid-phase microextraction technique, using the response surface method. Based on the response surface analysis, it can be concluded that the central point values maximize the process of extracting volatile compounds from wine, i.e., an equilibrium time of 15 minutes, an extraction time of 35 minutes, and an extraction temperature of 30 °C. Esters were the most numerous compounds found under these extraction conditions,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Method; Factorial design; Grape; Validation.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612015000400676
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Eliciting Mental Models: a Comparison of Interview Procedures in the Context of Natural Resource Management 7
Jones, Natalie A; University of Queensland; n.jones3@uq.edu.au; Ross, Helen; University of Queensland; Helen.Ross@uq.edu.au; Lynam, Timothy; Reflecting Society; tim.lynam@internode.on.net; Perez, Pascal; University of Wollongong; pascal@uow.edu.au.
The sustainable management of natural resources largely depends on people’s conceptions of environmental systems and how they function. The mental model construct provides an appropriate means to explore the cognitive dimension of people’s interactions with such systems. Mental models are cognitive representations of external reality that people use as the basis for acting with and within the world around them. We aimed to improve the application of the mental model construct to the field of natural resource management, with an emphasis on creek, i.e., stream, systems, by exploring how certain elicitation procedures may affect the mental models expressed. One of the initial hurdles that must be overcome is to work out how to effectively...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Drawing; Elicitation; Interview; Mental model; Method; Natural resource management; Oral; Transect.
Ano: 2014
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A method for the deliberate and deliberative selection of policy instrument mixes for climate change adaptation 7
Mees, Heleen L. P.; Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University; h.l.p.mees@uu.nl; Dijk, Justin; IVM and Department of Spatial Economics, VU University Amsterdam; justin.dijk@vu.nl; van Soest, Daan; Department of Economics and Tilburg Sustainability Center, Tilburg University; d.p.vansoest@tilburguniversity.edu; Driessen, Peter P. J.; Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University; p.driessen@uu.nl; van Rijswick, Marleen H. F. M. W.; Utrecht Center for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law, Utrecht University; H.vanRijswick@uu.nl; Runhaar, Hens; Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University; H.A.C.Runhaar@uu.nl.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Adaptation to climate change; Local governance; Method; Policy instrument selection.
Ano: 2014
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Portable flow board for storage of fruits and vegetables in mini-chambers with controlled atmosphere 70
Carmelo,Luis G. P.; Becaro,Aline A.; Ferreira,Marcos D.; Calbo,Adonai G..
ABSTRACT A portable flow board system was developed in the present study with the aim to facilitate lab-scale experiments of controlled atmosphere (CA) with fruits and vegetables. This sturdy flow board combines ease fabrication, low cost and gas economy. Its functionality is provided by manifolds and gas mixers. Each gaseous component is supplied by a gas cylinder through a differential valve of adjusted pressure control, generally at 6 kPa, and forced through 13 standardized restrictors coupled to each manifold output. Controlled atmospheres are then formed with one, two or three gases in 13 gas mixers affixed to the flow board base, which are further conducted through flexible tubes to storage mini-chambers that can also be used to study metabolic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Flow-board; Flux control; Gas flow; Method; Gas mixer; Restriction.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162015000601105
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Metodologia do teste de imunofluorescência indireta para o diagnóstico da tripanosomose eqüina. 14
SILVA, R. A. M. S.; SANCHEZ, V.; DÁVILA, A. M. R..
A tripanosomose causada pelo Trypanosoma evansi tem uma distribuição geográfica extremamente ampla. Ela ocorre no norte da África, Índia, Malásia, Indonésia, China, Rússia, Filipinas, América Central e América do Sul. O T. evansi causa a tripanosomose equina também conhecida no nordeste da Argentina e Pantanal como "mal de cadeiras". O T. evansi infecta uma ampla variedade de mamíferos e no Pantanal ele tem sido encontrado em cavalos, quoatis (Nasua nasua), cães, capivaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) e pequenos roedores (Oryzomys sp.). No Pantanal tripanosomose eqüina causa centenas de mortes todo ano. Esta publicação tem como objetivo descrever a metodologia do TIFI utilizada no Laboratório de Sanidade Animal da Embrapa Pantanal.
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Tripanosomose eqüina; Teste de Imunofluorescência Indireta; Trypanosomosis; Diagnosis; Method; Animal sanity; Diagnostico; Método; Sanidade Animal.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/811012
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Avaliação dos métodos de determinação da necessidade de calcário em solos de cerrado. 14
SOUSA, D. M. G. de; MIRANDA, L. N. de; LOBATO, E..
Parâmetros determindos pela análise de terra e cálculo da sautração de bases. Métodos para cálculo da necessidade de calcário (N.C.) com base na análise do solo; Comparação das alternativas para determinação da necessidade de calcário.
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Correction; Method; Soil evaluation; Calcário; Cerrado; Método; Solo; Brazil.
Ano: 1990 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/982607
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Métodos de análise física, química e instrumental de solos. 14
GUIMARÃES, G. de A.; BASTOS, J. B.; LOPES, E. de C..
Amostragem de solos. Preparação das amostras. Análise física. Análise química. Análise e química instrumental. Índices de unidades empregadas.
Tipo: Livros Palavras-chave: Analysis; Method; Análise; Método; Solo; Soil.
Ano: 1970 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/386415
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Determinação de condutividade hidráulica e da curva de retenção de agua no solo com um método simples de campo. 14
OLIVEIRA, C. A. da S..
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Curva de retencao; Hydraulic; Properties; Method; Água; Condutividade Hidráulica; Método; Solo; Umidade do Solo; Humidity; Soil; Soil water retention; Water.
Ano: 1988 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/761338
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Grau de dependência entre a leitura fibrografica a SL 2,5% e o comprimento comercial do algodão. 14
GOMES, I. F.; BELTRAO, N. E. de M.; CRISOSTOMO, J. R.; SILVA, F. de A.; SOUZA, R. P. de.
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Fibrografo; Metodos; Brasil; Paraiba; Campina Grande; Fiber; Fibrograph; Method; Algodão; Fibra; Gossypium Hirsutum; Cotton.
Ano: 1986 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/262730
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Estudos de diversos métodos de enxertia na propagação do cajueiro. 14
MORAES, E. da C.; ALBUQUERQUE, F. C. de; CONDURÚ, J. M. P..
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Enxertia; Propagação; Cashew-nut; Grafting; Propagation; Method; Caju; Método.
Ano: 1973 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/376097
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A pesquisa em sistema de produção no CPATSA: orientação metodológica. 14
TONNEAU, J. P.; LIMA, A. F.; POUDEVIGNE, J..
Trata de um balanço teórico sobre as ações de pesquisas ligadas ao sistema de produção, desenvolvidas pelo CPATSA. Inovação tecnológica; análises de propostas do sistema de geração; proposta alternativa de pesquisa em sistema de produção; operacionalização das hipóteses de trabalho.
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Farming system; Method; Sistema de produção; Método de Pesquisa; Research.
Ano: 1990 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/133596
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Irrigacao. 14
SOARES, J. M.; COSTA, F. F. da.
Trata sobre a escolha do sistema de irrigacao: sistema de irrigacao por gotejamento, microaspersao, aspersao, sulcos, por microbacias utilizando-se mangueiras de PVC. Necessidade de agua para a cultura da mangueira para elaboracao de projetos; manejo de agua; comportamento do sistema radicular.
Tipo: Parte de livro Palavras-chave: Mango; Method; Irrigação; Manga; Mangifera Indica; Método; Irrigation.
Ano: 1995 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/133422
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Conversão de capoeira alta da Amazônia em povoamento de produção madeireira: o método do "recru" e espécies promissoras. 14
YARED, J. A. G.; CARPANEZZI, A. A..
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Freijo; Exploração; Método do recru; Floresta Nacional do Tapajós; Belterra; Santarém; Pará; Brasil; Brazilian walnut; Explootation; Specie; Cust; Method; Crab tree; Mahogany; Andiroba; Custo; Espécie; Mão-de-Obra; Morototó; Mogno; Tatajuba; Amazonia; Labor force.
Ano: 1981 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/379775
Registros recuperados: 37
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