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Modélisation de l'emprise BAST - Modèle 100m de la région de BASTIA. Document I : Construction du modèle aspects opérationnels ArchiMer
Gerigny, Olivia; Coudray, Sylvain.
Document descriptif de la construction du modèle hydrodynamique des eaux de la méditerranée autour de la Région de Bastia (Haute-Corse).
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Modélisation; MARS3D; BASTIA; CORSE; Hydrodynamique.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00154/26489/24598.pdf
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Influence du positionnement des filières ostréicoles et mytilicoles dans le Pertuis Breton : Résultats préliminaires ArchiMer
Robert, Stephane; Fillon, Alain.
La mise en place d'une nouvelle zone de filière ostréicole fait actuellement l'objet d'une demande de la Section Régionale Ré Centre-Ouest. L'objectif du projet est de transférer une partie de l'ostréiculture d'estran sur filières, le tout à biomasse constante afin d'obtenir un gain de productivité. Deux sites ont été proposés. La proximité des zones d'élevage (mytilicole et ostréicole) en filières laisse supposer une compétition possible de l'exploitation des ressources alimentaires dans l'ensemble géographique du Pertuis Breton. Par conséquent, le choix du site d'élevage est particulièrement important et doit être sélectionné de façon à minimiser l'impact sur les cultures déjà existantes. Pour cela, l'influence du positionnement des filières a été étudié...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Filière ostréicole; Modélisation; Courantologie; Bathymétrie; Pertuis Breton; Pertuis Antioche.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00149/26026/24127.pdf
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Application de modèles dynamiques bayésiens aux séries temporelles de Dinophysis à Antifer (Normandie, France) ArchiMer
Soudant, Dominique.
Le Dinophysis est une microalgue toxique à l’origine d’epidémies diarrhéiques. En dépit de nombreuses études, l’écologie et la biologie de ce genre phytoplanctonique restent mal connues. Afin de déterminer les conditions d’apparition de Dinophysis cf. acuminata sur le site d’Antifer (Normandie, France), des prélèvements d’eau de mer ont été effectués quasi-journellement pendant les périodes estivales des années 1987 à 1993. Les séries temporelles résultantes concernent la concentration de la microalgue et les facteurs chimiques, physiques et météorologiques. L’analyse de ces données à l’aide d’outils sta- tistiques classiques (e.g. régression) s’est avérée difficile (e.g. instabilité temporelle des résultats). Une caractéristique commune de ces méthodes...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Modélisation; Statistique; Dynamique; Séries temporelles; Bayésien; Dinophysis; Baie de Seine.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00015/12576/9446.pdf
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Adaptabilité des activités conchylicoles aux modifications de leur environnement : Scénarii et solutions. Le cas du bassin de Marennes-Oléron ArchiMer
Mille, Dominique; Le Moine, Olivier.
Ce travail a été réalisé dans le cadre du programme européen ANCORIM (Atlantic Network For Costal Risks Management) dont la durée est de 3 ans (mai 2009 à avril 2012) et qui est cofinancé par l'Union Européenne dans le cadre du programme INTERREG IV B espace atlantique « Investir dans notre avenir commun ». L'objectif d'ANCORIM est de promouvoir les outils destinés à renforcer les capacités d'action des décideurs du littoral des régions atlantiques afin de faire face aux risques littoraux en matière d'érosion côtière, de submersion ou d'atteinte à la qualité des eaux. L'action privilégie le renforcement des échanges et des connaissances en créant un outil d'échange à l'usage des décideurs. Elle prend la forme d'une intensification des relations entre la...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Activités conchylicoles; Modèles de production conchylicoles; Recensement des risques côtiers; Méthodologie; Modélisation; Bassin de Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 2011 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00061/17257/14766.pdf
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Amélioration de l'évaluation des stocks de mollusques cultivés en Charente- Maritime ArchiMer
Bacher, Cedric; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Heral, Maurice; Prou, Jean.
The expansion of shellfish culture businesses (oysters, mussels, clams...) gives way to a competition for the use of limited food resources, especially in the Marennes-Oléron basin where water circulation is slow. Increasing the amount of cultivated molluscs leads, from a biological point of view, to:- a drop in growth performances- a rise in chronic mortalities, higher and higher, due to a weakness in the physiological state with a lack of stocks which would have compensated the habitat seasonal shortages (end of winter, etc...)- a greater weakness to diseases, linked to a deficient physiological state and a density rise which increases the proximity rate and thus, parasite propagation speed.For these primary reasons, and for the future of oyster culture,...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Modélisation; Estimation; Echantillonnage; Mollusques; Marennes Oléron; Evaluation stocks.
Ano: 1986 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/rapport-3841.PDF
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Modélisation des turbidités en Bretagne sud et validation par des mesures in situ ArchiMer
Tessier, Caroline; Le Hir, Pierre; Dumas, Franck; Jourdin, F.
A hydrodynamic and sediment model of South Brittany is calibrated with ADCP measurements, which allow to estimate hydrodynamic forcing and concentration of suspended particulate matter. The exercise of comparison between observed and simulated concentrations reveals that turbidity is highly dependant on numerous strongly coupled sedimentary and physical processes.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Waves; ADCP; Acoustical backscattering; Modelisation; Turbidity; Vagues; ADCP; Rétrodiffusion acoustique; Modélisation; Turbidité.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-6300.pdf
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Changements climatiques dans la mer de Barents : interactions glace-océan, formation et variabilité de la masse d'eau ArchiMer
Barton, Benjamin I.
Winter sea ice has declined in the Barents Sea and there is growing evidence that the low sea ice here coincides with cold, winter surface air temperature in Europe and Asia. Atlantic Water (AW) transported into the Barents Sea is warming and its temperature variability is correlated with variability in sea ice extent. As AW extends into the Barents Sea it is modified into a cooler, fresher water mass called BarentsSea Water (BSW). There are limited observations of BSW despite its importance in the Arctic Ocean system, leading to the question, how does the seasonal sea ice impact ocean stratification and mean flow?First, satellite observations are used to find the Polar Front, a water mass boundary between BSW and fresher Arctic Water to the north. The sea...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Barents Sea Water; Front polaire; Banquise; Satellite; Modélisation; Model; Barents Sea Water; Polar front; Sea ice; Satellite.
Ano: 2019 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00692/80424/83560.pdf
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La capacité biotique des bassins ostréicoles ArchiMer
Heral, Maurice; Bacher, Cedric; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc.
Maurice Héral has been studying, since 1976 at the IFREMER Station of La Tremblade (France), the trophic networks of shellfish-farming ecosystems and, especially, the variability of available food, energy assessment, the ecophysiology of the Japanese oyster; he has set up a comprehensive model of shellfish farming production. He has been managing the Shellfish Farming Ecosystems Laboratory (LEC) since 1980. A specialist of digital models, Cédric Bacher has been working at the LEC since 1985. He invented a strategy of sampling farmed molluscs' biomass and a preliminary, analytic trophic model that combines physical and biological systems. Jean-Marc Deslous-Paoli has been a member of the same laboratory since 1979, where his work focuses on monitoring...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Modèle analytique; Modélisation; Modéle global; Production; Capacité trophique; Biomasse; Climatologie; Captage naissain; Bassin Marennes Oléron.
Ano: 1989 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/publication-3011.pdf
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Spéciation des contaminants métalliques en milieu estuarien : Intérêt de la modélisation et application au cadmium ArchiMer
Gonzalez, Jean-louis; Dange, Catherine; Thouvenin, Benedicte.
In estuarine environment, cadmium has a nonconservative behavior. It can be present under various species: dissolved (mineral and organic complexes), colloidal and particulate forms (adsorbed, precipitated), or integrated by various mechanisms in the organisms. This distribution is the result of processes (physical, chemical and biological) which are controlled by many factors (salinity, pH, Eh, nature and concentration of suspended matter, primary production). Geochemical modeling is a very useful approach to understand the dynamics of this type of contaminant, especially in the complex systems which are the estuaries. A speciation model was used to simulate the measurements taken (dissolved and particulate Cd) during various cruises carried out in the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Cadmium; Estuary; Speciation; Modeling; Surface complexation; Cadmium; Estuaire; Spéciation; Modélisation; Complexation de surface.
Ano: 2001 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00480/59120/61749.pdf
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Présélection de sites ostréicoles en pleine eau. Mise au point d'une maquette (version 0) et analyse critique. Application à la bande côtière des Pertuis Charentais ArchiMer
Loubersac, Lionel; Guillaumont, Brigitte; Heral, Maurice; Prou, Jean; Durand, Henri.
Le présent document fait la synthèse et l'analyse critique d'une expérience préliminaire, de mise au point d'un outil et d'un produit d'aide à la décision, faisant appel aux technologies des Systèmes d'Information Géographique et visant la résolution d'un problème d'aménagement littoral. L'objectif fixé par ce travail est principalement, au travers de la réalisation d'une maquette, d'identifier les points d'ordre méthodologique qui demandent un effort de Recherche Développement. La présente étude a été conduite en partenariat entre le groupe transdirectionel SILLAGE de l'IFREMER, concepteur et architecte de la maquette du Système d'Information, et l'IFREMER DRV/RA (M. Héral et J. Prou) pour la validation scientifique du problème posé. Le groupe SILLAGE,...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Méthodologie; Ostréiculture; Système Informatique géographique; SIG; Modélisation.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15906/13334.pdf
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Modélisation de l'affinage de l'huître Crassostrea gigas alimentée avec la diatomée Skeletonema costatum ArchiMer
Meleder, Vona; Barille-boyer, Anne-laure; Baud, Jean-pierre; Barille, Laurent; Cognie, Bruno; Rosa, Philippe.
The traditional fattening of the oyster Crassostrea gigas in oyster ponds of the French Atlantic Coast is submitted to natural environmental fluctuations. In order to reduce the growth variability of the soft parts of the bivalve, an intensive fattening process was developed, where the conditions of temperature, particulate organic and inorganic matter (POM and PIM) are controlled. This process relies on the production of the diatom Skeletonema costatum, which is then distributed to the oysters at an average concentration of 4–5 mg POM·L–1. An ecophysiological model of the oyster C. gigas, which simulates the evolution of somatic and gonad–reserve compartments, was applied to these conditions in order to analyse the bivalve responses. Experimentation was...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Modélisation; Affinage; Ecophysiologie; Crassostrea gigas; Skeletonema costatum; Modelling; Oyster fattening; Ecophysiology; Crassostrea gigas; Skeletonema costatum.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00021/13248/10285.pdf
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Rapport de mesures dans le lagon de Hienghène-Touho - Province Nord - Nouvelle-Calédonie. SPHYNX - Suivi des Paysages HYdrologiques des lagons Nord ArchiMer
Le Gendre, Romain; Soulard, Benoit; Lemonnier, Hugues; Laugier, Thierry; Hubert, Morgane; Desclaux, Terence; Royer, Florence; Le Tesson, Eric; Dumas, Franck; Kayara, Jean-françois.
Ce rapport fait partie du projet de recherche PRESENCE (PRessions sur les Ecosystèmes récifaux et lagonaires de Nouvelle-CalédoniE). L'objectif de ce projet est de mieux appréhender le fonctionnement des lagons de Nouvelle-Calédonie à partir d’observations in-situ, de télédétection et de modélisation hydrodynamique. Ce rapport présente les mesures effectuées sur les lagons de Touho à Pouébo situés sur la côte Est de la Province Nord de Nouvelle-Calédonie, secteur sur lequel les connaissances et observations du fonctionnement hydrodynamique étaient assez parcellaires. Les données seront utilisées par la suite pour mieux appréhender la dynamique de ce grand lagon mais également à des fins de calibration et de validation de modèle...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mesures; Hydrologie; Courantologie; Hydrodynamique; Hienghène; Hyehen; Pouébo; Pweevo; Modélisation.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00452/56378/58028.pdf
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Dynamique des matières en suspensions minérales des eaux de surface de la Manche observée par satellite et modélisée numériquement. ArchiMer
Rivier, Aurelie.
Study of mineral suspended particulate matter (SPM) is essential to understand ecosystem dynamics. SPM influences light penetration which is closely related to primary production and carries pollutants and nutrients within the water masses. This work aims to study near-surface mineral SPM dynamics in the English Channel using two complementary methods: remote-sensing by satellites and numerical modelling. Firstly, MODIS and MERIS satellite images processed by the IFREMER semi-analytical algorithm and describing non-algal SPM, are analysed to build three statistical models which are able to estimate near-surface SPM using simple variables, e.g., tidal coefficient, significant wave height and mean chlorophyll-a concentration. Secondly, the three-dimensional...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Matière en suspension; Télédétection; Satellite; Modélisation; Manche; Sédiments; Turbidité; Marée; Houle; Suspended particulate matter; Satellite; Remote-sensing; Modelling; English Channel; Sediments; Turbidity; Tide; Wave.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00157/26783/24884.pdf
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A modelling study of the thermohaline circulation of the Mediterranean Sea: Water formation and dispersal ArchiMer
Haines, K; Wu, Pl.
A model of the whole Mediterranean sea at 0.25 degrees x 0.25 degrees resolution has been run for ten years with a mean seasonal cycle of forcing using NMC winds and a relaxation to NODC surface temperature and salinity. The winter season water formation and dispersal in the model thermocline has been studied using isopycnal diagnostics and potential vorticity as a water mass tracer. In the eastern basin Levantine Intermediate Water (LIW) is formed in the cyclonic Rhodes gyre and moves west in a continuous mass, accumulating and mixing in the centre of the Northern Ionian. The LIW spreading path is identified both from the high salinity and low potential vorticity values on the 28.8 isopycnal surface. Some LIW then spreads west and south towards Sicily,...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: PRIMO-O; Circulation thermohaline; Eau levantine intermédiaire; Formation; Modélisation; PRIMO-O; Thermohaline circulation; Levantine Intermediate Water; Water formation; Modelling.
Ano: 1995 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00323/43387/43113.pdf
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Impact des mesures de gestion sur la dynamique de la pêcherie pélagique du golfe de Gascogne : Quelles certitudes ? Quels descripteurs ? ArchiMer
Lehuta, Sigrid.
Quantitative evaluations of management measure impact on resource and fleet viability are required to provide diagnostics and feed decision process. Fisheries are complex systems where numerous dynamics interact at various spatial and temporal scales. This complexity and the difficulty to observe marine systems are responsible for the high uncertainty surrounding fishery functioning that makes it hard to identify adequate management measures. The increasing consideration of uncertainties in diagnostics argues in favor of robust management measures rather than optimal management measures. Identifying robust management measures requires the development of models that account for complexity and uncertainty in the description and prediction of management...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Modélisation; Pêcherie mixte; Gestion des pêcheries; Incertitudes; Simulation; Analyse de sensibilité; Indicateurs; Gestion spatialisée; ISIS-Fish; Modeling; Mixed fisheries; Fishery management; Uncertainty; Simulation; Sensitivity analysis; Indicators; Spatialised management; ISIS-Fish.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00025/13630/10712.pdf
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Devenir de l'atrazine dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron. Approche par la modélisation hydrodynamique, hydrosédimentaire et biogéochimique ArchiMer
Vanhoutte Brunier, Alice.
Atrazine is the most widely used herbicide on cultured areas. This pesticide is degraded during its transport in rivers and streams, to the coastal area. Marennes Oléron is the main french oyster farming area, receiving the fresh water from the Charente river and ail the drainage coming from the coastal cultivated marshlands. Agriculture is thus claimed to be responsible for shellfish mortality in the aquaculture area. To simulate the changing fate of atrazine in the environment, a modelling strategy has been selected. a) First, using a two-way hydrodynamic model developped by IFREMER, the atrazine dilution trail in the Marennes Oléron area was simulated.Combined with larvae bioassays of Crassostrea gigas (Japanese oyster), the results show atrazine rates...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Produits phytosanitaires; Atrazine; Cycle biogéochimique; Modélisation; Dynamique sédimentaire; Vasières intertidales; Pesticides; Atrazine; Biogeochemical cycle; Models; Sediment transport; Intertidal muflats.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00412/52312/53082.pdf
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Processus Gravitaires et Évaluation de la Stabilité des Pentes : Approches Géologique et Géotechnique. Application à la marge algérienne et à l'effondrement de l'aéroport de Nice en 1979 ArchiMer
Dan, Gabriela.
The present work consists of two areas of interest: the Algerian margin and the area affected by the 1979 Nice slide. The first scientific survey, MARADJA, took place in 2003 in order to characterize the Algerian margin from a morpho-sedimentary point of view and to map the presence of mass-wasting deposits. Based on other two scientific surveys, PRISMA and MARADJA 2, the mechanical and physical properties of the Algerian sediment were defined. The geotechnical properties were used to identify the triggering mechanisms of the observed mass-wasting deposits and to assess the present-day slope stability. The main results are: • The sedimentary processes are clearly influenced by the morphology of the margin, which is controlled by the tectonics. The...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Liquefaction; Slope stability; Nice 1979; Algeria; Modelling; Numerical; Modélisation; Liquéfaction; Stabilité de pente; Processus gravitaires; Nice 1979; Algérie.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/these-3881.pdf
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Contributions to the Coordinated Control of Two Robotic Arms for Underwater Manipulation of Deformable Biological Specimens ArchiMer
Leborne, Francois.
The research carried out in the scope of this doctorate degree aims to develop innovative techniques to improve the collection of biological and mineral samples underwater using robotic manipulators. The end goal is to enhance the handling by robotic means in order to maximise sample quality provided to marine scientists. The proposed techniques are based on an in-depth analysis of the robotic arm actuators used in most recent underwater intervention vehicles, in order to improve the accuracy of the positionning of the tools held by the manipulator arms. An instrumented tool has also been developed with the aim to measure the reaction forces and adapt the interaction between the arm's end-effector and its environment to improve samples handling. These...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Robotique sous-marine; Manipulation; Modélisation; Identification; Mesure d'effort; Underwater Robotics; Manipulation; Modeling; Identification; Force sensing.
Ano: 2018 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00498/60958/64361.pdf
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Modélisation bioénergétique de la croissance, du développement et de la reproduction d'un petit pélagique : l'anchois du golfe de Gascogne ArchiMer
Pecquerie, Laure.
Understanding the recruitment variability of fish populations is a major challenge in fishery sciences. In the present work, we explore a new approach to study the potential factors that determine this recruitment in the context of biophysical modelling. The adult spawning pattern might influence the survival of the larvae as it determines the environmental conditions they experience during this critical period. We apply our study to the Bay of Biscay anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus, which is a multiple-batch spawner. The objective of the study is to understand the effect of the environmental conditions experienced by an individual i) on the energy available for reproduction and ii) on the temporal distribution of the spawning events and its consequences...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Inter individual variability; Environmental scenarios; Link fish metabolism otolith; Larval survival; Spawning windows; Engraulis encrasicolus; Dynamic Energy Budget theory; Life cycle; Bioenergetic; Modelling; Variabilité inter individuelle; Scénarios environnementaux; Lien métabolisme otolithe; Survie larvaire; Fenêtres de ponte; Engraulis encrasicolus; Energy Budget; Théorie Dynamic; Cycle de vie; Bioénergétique; Modélisation.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/these-3505.pdf
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Etude de l'impact du stock d'huîtres et des mollusques compétiteurs sur les performances de croissance de Crassostrea ggias, à l'aide d'un modèle de croissance ArchiMer
Bacher, Cedric.
A model coupling biological and hydrodynamical processes is used in order to study the influence of the amount of cultivated oysters (Crassostrea gigas) on growth performance in the Bay of Marennes-Oléron. The model is based on an energetic budget equation of a mean oyster and on a transport equation of particulate organic and inorganic matter through 12 spatial boxes. Sensitivity analysis is performed and allows computation of the impact of the distribution of oysters among the boxes on the growth performance of a mean oyster in each box. Il is shown that, mainly in the south of the bay, individual growth is affected by the increase in the stock. The same approach also shows that the response of individual growth to the amount of natural benthic...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Modélisation; Modéle croissance; Compétiteurs; Crassostrea gigas; Stocks huîtres.
Ano: 1991 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/publication-3053.pdf
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