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Sustainability, Stability, and Resilience Ecology and Society
Ludwig, Don; University of British Columbia; ludwig@math.ubc.ca; Walker, Brian; CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems; Brian.Walker@csiro.au; Holling, C. S.; University of Florida; holling@zoo.ufl.edu.
The purpose of this essay is to define and refine the concepts of stability and resilience and to demonstrate their value in understanding the behavior of exploited systems. Some ecological systems display several possible stable states. They may also show a hysteresis effect in which, even after a long time, the state of the system may be partly determined by its history. The concept of resilience depends upon our objectives, the types of disturbances that we anticipate, control measures that are available, and the time scale of interest.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Bifurcation; Multiple stable states; Resilience; Stability..
Ano: 1997
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Searching Explanations of Nature in the Mirror World of Math Ecology and Society
Scheffer, Marten; Wageningen Agricultural University; Marten.Scheffer@wur.nl.
Despite the huge scientific progress of the last century, the dynamics of complex systems such as the atmosphere, human societies, and ecosystems remain difficult to understand and predict. Nonetheless, our ability to carve the future depends largely on our insight into the functioning of such complex systems. Complex systems are the focus of considerable mathematical theory. Rather than referring to any particular part of the world, such theory addresses what seems to be another world: a world of strange attractors, catastrophe folds, torus destruction, and homoclinic bifurcations. So disparate is the language and notation in this discipline that it is hard to imagine that it has any thing to do with reality as we know it. Indeed, it deals with a kind of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Bifurcation; Catastrophe; Chaos; Cycle; Daphnia; Fish; Macrophyte; Model; Multiple stable states; Plankton; Predation; Trophic cascade.
Ano: 1999
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