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Willingness to pay for ecosystem conservation in Alaska’s Tongass National Forest: a choice modeling study Ecology and Society
Hjerpe, Evan E.; Conservation Economics Institute; evan@conservationecon.org; Hussain, Anwar; Forest Policy Center, Auburn University; Conservation Economics Institute; anwar@conservationecon.org.
Forest ecosystems contribute to human welfare in important ways, but because of the nonmarket nature of many of the goods and services produced, both markets and governments fail to optimize their production commensurate with their economic and ecological significance. Despite the recent proliferation of nonmarket environmental valuation in the literature, the incorporation of nonmarket values into public forest decision making has been limited by institutional and methodological barriers. To address this disconnect, we conducted a case study to quantify conservation values for the Tongass National Forest in a manner conducive for public forest planning. A choice experiment featuring proposed forest management alternatives with changes in critical...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Choice experiment; Conservation economics; Ecological restoration; Nonmarket valuation; Old-growth forests; Tongass National Forest.
Ano: 2016
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What Are Ecosystem Services? The Need for Standardized Environmental Accounting Units AgEcon
Boyd, James; Banzhaf, H. Spencer.
This paper advocates consistently defined units of account to measure the contributions of nature to human welfare. We argue that such units have to date not been defined by environmental accounting advocates and that the term "ecosystem services" is too ad hoc to be of practical use in welfare accounting. We propose a definition, rooted in economic principles, of ecosystem service units. A goal of these units is comparability with the definition of conventional goods and services found in GDP and the other national accounts. We illustrate our definition of ecological units of account with concrete examples. We also argue that these same units of account provide an architecture for environmental performance measurement by governments, conservancies, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Environmental accounting; Ecosystem services; Index theory; Nonmarket valuation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; Q57; Q58; D6.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10586
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A Joint Estimation Method to Combine Dichotomous Choice CVM Models with Count Data TCM Models Corrected for Truncation and Endogenous Stratification AgEcon
Gonzalez, Juan Marcos; Loomis, John B.; Gonzalez-Caban, Armando.
We update the joint estimation of revealed and stated preference data of previously published research to allow for joint estimation of the Travel Cost Method (TCM) portion using count data models. The TCM estimation also corrects for truncation and endogenous stratification as well as overdispersion. The joint estimation allows for testing consistency of behavior between revealed and stated preference data rather than imposing it. We find little gain in estimation efficiency, but our joint estimation might make a significant improvement in estimation efficiency when the contingent valuation scenarios involve major changes in site quality not reflected in the TCM data.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation models; Joint estimation; Nonmarket valuation; Recreation; Travel cost models; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Productivity Analysis; Q51.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47207
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VALUING PREFERENCES OVER STORMWATER MANAGEMENT OUTCOMES GIVEN STATE-DEPENDENT PREFERENCES AND HETEROGENEOUS STATUS QUO AgEcon
Londono, Catalina; Ando, Amy Whritenour.
Paper removed at the request of the authors.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Nonmarket valuation; State-dependent preferences; Stormwater; Aquatic habitat; Choice experiment; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103415
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A Comparison of Approaches to Mitigate Hypothetical Bias AgEcon
Champ, Patricia A.; Moore, Rebecca; Bishop, Richard C..
We compare two approaches to mitigating hypothetical bias. The study design includes three treatments: an actual payment treatment, a contingent valuation (CV) treatment with a follow-up certainty question, and a CV treatment with a cheap talk script. Our results suggest that both the follow-up certainty treatment and the cheap talk treatment produce willingness-to-pay (WTP) estimates consistent with the actual payment treatment. However, the follow-up certainty treatment provides response distributions at all offer amounts that are statistically similar to the actual payment treatment, while the cheap talk treatment provides similar responses only at some offer amounts. Furthermore, the cheap talk treatment is effective only for inexperienced individuals....
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Hypothetical bias; Follow-up certainty; Cheap talk; Nonmarket valuation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55867
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Nonparametric Bounds on Welfare with Measurement Error in Prices: Techniques for Non-Market Resource Valuation AgEcon
Crooker, John R..
Nonparametric techniques are frequently applied in recreation demand studies when researchers are concerned that parametric utility specifications impart bias upon welfare estimates. A goal of this paper is to extend previous work on nonparametric bounds for welfare measures to allow for measurement errors in travel costs. Haab and McConnell (2002) state that issues in travel time valuation continue to be topical in the recreational demand literature. This paper introduces a bootstrap augmented nonparametric procedure to precisely bound welfare when price data contains measurement error. The technique can be extended and becomes more convenient relative to other approaches when more than two site visits are made by a single recreationist. These techniques...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Nonparametrics; Welfare estimation; Bootstrap; Recreation demand; Nonmarket valuation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44700
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Green Price Indices AgEcon
Banzhaf, H. Spencer.
This paper suggests two theoretically consistent and empirically tractable ways that a cost-ofliving index can be expanded to include the environment and other public goods. In addition, it presents an empirical illustration of such an index for Los Angeles, California, incorporating air quality and other spatially varying public goods using a hedonic model. The results indicate that the required information can be recovered and that including public goods can make a noticeable difference in the index.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Air quality; Green accounting; Hedonic regression; Nonmarket valuation; Price index; Demand and Price Analysis; E31; H40; I00; Q25; R10.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10538
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VALUING RESOURCE ACCESS WITH SEMINONPARAMETRIC TECHNIQUES: AN APPLICATION TO CLEAR LAKE AgEcon
Crooker, John R..
The focus of this investigation is three-fold. First, seminonparametric techniques are considered in order to avoid the pitfall of imparting bias on value estimates. Second, the efficacy of seminonparametric techniques are explored in an empirical setting by valuing recreational access at Clear Lake, Iowa. Finally, a technique from Eastwood and Gallant (1991) is adapted and applied to the count data model.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Clear Lake survey; Nonmarket valuation; Recreation valuation; Seminonparametric techniques; Value estimates; Welfare estimates; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18473
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Choice modelling in the development of natural resource management strategies in NSW AgEcon
Mazur, Kasia; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
Protecting environmental services generates social benefits. At the same time, private landholders supplying these benefits may face some costs. To provide these services efficiently, policy makers need information about community values for the environment as well as landholders’ costs. This study explores how choice modelling (a non-market valuation technique) is used to estimate comment values. These include use and non-use values for increasing environmental quality in NSW catchments. Non-market valuation techniques for estimating environmental values are reviewed. This is followed by a discussion of methodological aspects of the choice modelling technique and its potential as a regional planning tool for Catchment Management Authorities (CMA’s)
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Nonmarket valuation; Choice modelling; Trade-offs; Bio-physical modelling; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94716
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Opening a Public Recreation Area to Revitalize Coastal Communities and Preserve Natural Resources in Louisiana: The Case of Elmer's Island AgEcon
Paudel, Krishna P.; Caffey, Rex H.; Devkota, Nirmala; Hall, Larry M..
The income capitalization approach is used, based on expenditure and nonmarket values collected from travel-cost and contingent valuation methodologies, to measure the feasibility of running a self-sustaining recreational site in coastal Louisiana. Through Internet and intercept surveys, a total of 2,696 respondents, 88% of them anglers, provided information on economic expenditures, destination preferences, and preferences for specific site amenities regarding Elmer's Island. The purchase and subsequent opening of the area to the public were found to be self-sustaining even when considering conservative economic estimates.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Coastal community revitalization; Market valuation; Nonmarket valuation; Public purchase of private recreational area; Environmental Economics and Policy; O13; Q26.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43773
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Temporal Stability of Recreation Choices AgEcon
Parsons, George R.; Stefanova, Stela.
We evaluate the stability of coefficient and willingness to pay (WTP) estimates for recreation services over two time periods. To address this question, we estimate a Random Utility Maximization (RUM) model of recreation demand, using two datasets from different time periods, but concerning the same study area. We then compare the estimation results and evaluate the temporal stability of preferences that drive recreation choices. The two datasets are on trips made by Delaware residents to beaches in the Mid-Atlantic region: Delaware, New Jersey, Maryland and Northern Virginia. The first dataset was collected using a mail survey in 1997 and the second dataset was gathered through an Internet survey in 2005. Besides the time periods, and the survey methods,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Recreation demand; Nonmarket valuation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; Q26.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49296
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Quality Adjustment for Spatially-Delineated Public Goods: Theory and Application to Cost-of-Living Indices in Los Angeles AgEcon
Banzhaf, H. Spencer.
This paper illustrates how public goods may be incorporated into a cost-of-living index. When public goods are weak complements to a market good, quality-adjusted prices for the market good capture all the welfare information required. They are also consistent with a Laspeyres index that maintains the bound on a true cost-of-living index. The paper recovers this information from a discrete-choice model, using a simulation routine to solve for the appropriate price adjustments. These concepts are applied to the case of housing, education, crime, and air quality in Los Angeles for 1989 to 1994. Over a period of time when they are improving, incorporating pubic goods into the index lowers the estimated change in the cost of living by 0.5 to 2.6 percentage...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Air quality; Discrete choice models; Green accounting; Nonmarket valuation; Price index; Public Economics; C51; D12; D60; E31; H40; R10.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10833
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Asymmetric Willingness-to-Pay Distributions for Livestock Manure AgEcon
Norwood, F. Bailey; Luter, Ryan L.; Massey, Raymond E..
The Environmental Protection Agency's new Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFO) regulations are forcing some farms to export livestock manure to off-farm acres. The regulation compliance cost depends on the willingness of neighboring crop producers to accept or pay for the manure. This study estimates a manure willingness-to-pay distribution for crop producers using a contingent valuation mail survey. A flexible parametric distribution is borrowed from the crop yield literature, which shows that manure willingness to pay is left-skewed. Most crop producers in our sample will pay a positive price close to the savings in commercial fertilizer, but approximately 25% require a payment before accepting manure.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Animal waste; Asymmetric distribution; Contingent valuation; Manure; Nonmarket valuation; Pollution; Willingness to pay; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30972
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Invasive Species and Delaying the Inevitable: Results from a Pilot Valuation Experiment AgEcon
McIntosh, Christopher R.; Shogren, Jason F.; Finnoff, David C..
Herein we explore the economic value of delaying inevitable environmental damage due to aquatic invasive species, which is a problem especially relevant to tropic and subtropical regions. We developed an analytical framework and tested it using a stated preference survey. The results suggest that delaying the impacts can be valuable. Other tests reveal characteristics of the willingness-to-pay estimates that are consistent with economic theory.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Environmental damage; Invasive aquatic species; Nonmarket valuation; Q00; Q29; Q29.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37127
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A Choice Modelling Survey of Community Attitudes to Improvements in Environmental Quality in NSW Catchments AgEcon
Mazur, Kasia; Bennett, Jeffrey W..
The survey was designed to estimate environmental values suitable for integration into MOSAIC, a bio-economic model for catchment and farm level planning. Local residents, as well as distant rural and distant urban communities, were surveyed in three NSW catchments (Lachlan, Namoi and Hawkesbury-Nepean) using choice modelling (CM). The survey aimed to find out respondents’ attitudes about, and preferences for, potential natural resource management (NRM) improvements. In total, 3,997 responses were collected from seven different locations in NSW. Fourteen split samples were established to allow for testing of incentive compatibility in CM, the impact of respondent location on values held, and scale effects. This research report describes the development...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Nonmarket valuation; Choice modelling; Survey; Questionnaire design; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94813
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Integration-Valuation Nexus in Invasive Species Policy AgEcon
Shogren, Jason F.; Finnoff, David C.; McIntosh, Christopher R.; Settle, Chad.
This paper reviews recent work examining two topics of economic research vital for invasive species policy-integration and valuation. Integration requires bioeconomic models that blend invasive biology with economic circumstances and the feedback loops between the two systems. Valuation requires nonmarket valuation associated with human and environmental damages posed by invasive species. We argue for a second-level of integration in invasive species economics-valuation based on integration models. Policy prescriptions based on integration models need valuation work; valuation surveys need integration models-the two are complements. Valuation could be enhanced with integration in mind; integration could be made better with valuation in mind. An example...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Invasive species; Integrated economic-ecological modeling; Nonmarket valuation; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10183
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MONITORING CHOICE TASK ATTRIBUTE ATTENDANCE IN NON-MARKET VALUATION OF MULTIPLE PARK MANAGEMENT SERVICES: DOES IT MATTER? AgEcon
Scarpa, Riccardo; Thiene, Mara; Hensher, David A..
Land management in Alpine Parks provides multifunctional services to separate groups of users. Choice experiments can be used to derive estimates of value for different management attributes. However, little research has been conducted on how frequently respondents ignore attributes used to describe policy management scenarios. We fill this gap using an approach that identifies and compares both serial and choice-task attribute non-attendance addressing five different visitor types. Our results indicate that accounting for choice-task non-attendance significantly improves model fit and yield estimates of marginal WTP with a more plausible pattern of signs and greater efficiency.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Multifunctional land management; Nonmarket valuation; Choice experiments; Preference heterogeneity; Random utility model; Attribute processing rules.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C25; H41; Q26; Q51.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50830
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ESTIMATING WATER QUALITY BENEFITS BY COMBINING REVEALED AND STATED PREFERENCE METHODS: AN APPLICATION IN THE MINNESOTA RIVER AgEcon
Mathews, Leah Greden.
Data from a 1997 survey of Minnesota residents was used to construct a panel of revealed and stated preference data. Panel regression results yield an estimate of household willingness to pay for phosphorus reductions in the Minnesota River of $38.88 per year.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Nonmarket valuation; Water quality; Nonmarket valuation; Water quality; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21621
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