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| Registros recuperados: 55 | |
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| Witcover, Julie; Vosti, Stephen A.; Lipton, Michael. |
| Green Revolution technologies were developed and promoted in the 1960s in response to alarm about impending famine in Asia. By boosting food supplies and fostering development, the technologies were expected to create "breathing space" for completing demographic transitions there. This paper uses District-level data from rural India on agricultural transformation (from 1961 to 1981) and on changes in human fertility (from 1971 to 1981) to examine whether they did so. In a reduced form model, female literacy and marriage rates emerged as strong fertility change determinants; effects varied by age cohort. Growth in real wages in rural areas, in part brought about by HYV technologies, accelerated fertility declines. With real wage growth effects of Green... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Development; Q16; J1; Q18; D1; O3. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25443 |
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| Oehmke, James F.; Wolf, Christopher A.. |
| We examine the allocation of technology rents between a price-setting, innovating monopolist and heterogeneous technology adopters. A model of monopoly pricing in the presence of heterogeneous adopters is used to examine conditions under which greater producer (farmer) heterogeneity leads to greater producer benefit from innovation in non-competitive markets. An application to Bt cotton determines the profit-maximizing price of Bt cotton seed and reveals that Monsanto and Delta and Pine Land are indeed leaving money on the table in the form of unexploited profit opportunities. However, we estimate that the presence of heterogeneous adopters explains over 80% of the rents that accrue to the farmers. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Bt cotton; Heterogeneous adopters; Innovation; Monopoly pricing; Technology; Valuation distribution; L1; O3; Q1. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43469 |
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| Laurent, Catherine E.; Trouve, Aurelie. |
| Evidence-based or evidence-aware policy approaches are used in many different sectors (health, education, etc.). These approaches are less common in agriculture but are gradually emerging. Analysis of debates surrounding this trend sheds light on the particular nature of the difficulties faced by public decision-makers who are willing to use available scientific knowledge. After examining certain misunderstandings which arise in the international debate over evidence-based policy approaches, this paper addresses two specific issues: (i) the problems of competing evidence for using knowledge in the design of public policies and (ii) the potential role of rationalization tools in a possible "depoliticisation" of public decision-making. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Knowledge; Agriculture; Policy; Evidence; Agricultural and Food Policy; B29; D8; Q01; O3. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99833 |
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| Eaton, Derek J.F.; Tripp, Robert; Louwaars, Niels P.. |
| This paper analyzes the effect of intellectual property rights (IPR) regimes on the plant breeding sector in developing countries. Most of these countries have implemented a system of plant variety protection (PVP), or are in the process of doing so, generally as part of their obligations under the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS) of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This paper presents the results of research on the initial effects of IPRs on the plant breeding sector in five case study countries (China, Colombia, India, Kenya and Uganda). Three of the countries have PVP systems in place and the other two are in the process of either developing or implementing legislation. But the ease of implementing PVP seems to have... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; L3; O3; Q16. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25455 |
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| Minten, Bart; Randrianarisoa, Jean Claude; Barrett, Christopher B.. |
| This study explores the constraints on agricultural productivity and priorities in boosting productivity in rice, the main staple in Madagascar, using a range of different data sets and analytical methods, integrating qualitative assessments by farmers and quantitative evidence from panel data production function analysis and willingness-to-pay estimates for chemical fertilizer. Nationwide, farmers seek primarily labor productivity enhancing interventions, e.g., improved access to agricultural equipment, cattle and irrigation. Shock mitigation measures, land productivity increasing technologies and improved land tenure are reported to be much less important. Poorer farmers have significantly lower rice yields than richer farmers, as well as significantly... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; O1; O3; Q12. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25611 |
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| Akter, Shaheen. |
| This paper evaluates livelihoods of smallholder livestock farmers who were beneficiaries of a poverty alleviation programme involving longer term intervention towards building the strength of stakeholders such as government department, NGOs, village organisations and women beneficiaries. Data are drawn from a survey of 400 women farmers in 2006 and 2008. These farmers have been the members of BRAC, a well known NGO in Bangladesh. Poverty profiles, transition matrices and regression analysis drawn from asset-base framework are used to analyze data. A number of key questions related to poverty transition through livestock based activities, heterogeneity in livelihood choice and its impact on household welfare, extent of poverty reduction using different... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Women and livestock; Livelihood Strategies; Asset-base Framework; Bangladesh; Food Security and Poverty; O1; O3; Q13; Q55. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108935 |
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| Gray, Richard S.; Malla, Stavroula; Tran, Kien C.. |
| This paper develops an empirical framework for estimating a number of inter-firm and downstream research spillovers in the canola crop research industry. The spillovers include basic research, human capital/ knowledge (as measured through other-firm expenditures), and genetics (as measured through yields of other-firms). The model used to examine spillover effects on research productivity provides evidence that there are many positive inter-firm non-pecuniary research spillovers, which is consistent with a research clustering effect. The second model, which examines spillovers at the level of firm revenue , shows that, while private firms tend to crowd one another, public firm expenditure on basic and applied research creates a crowding-in effect for... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Basic research; Applied research; Public research expenditures; Private research expenditures; Biotechnology; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O3. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24776 |
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| Pemsl, Diemuth E.; Waibel, Hermann; Gutierrez, Andrew P.. |
| Economic analysis of chemical pesticide use has shown that the interactions between plants, pests, damage control technology and state of the ecosystem are important variables to be considered. Hence, a bio-economic model was developed for the assessment of Bt variety and pesticide-based control strategies of the cotton bollworm in China. The model simulates plant growth, the dynamics of pest populations and of natural enemies. The model predictions are used as major inputs for a stochastic partial budgeting procedure of alternative control strategies. Results show that: (1) productivity effects of Bt varieties and pesticide use depend on the action of natural control agents, and (2) the profitability of damage control measures increases with the severity... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q57; Q55; O13; O3. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25335 |
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| Lin, Pei-Chien; Roe, Terry L.. |
| A growth accounting and an econometric exercise are used to provide insights into the evolution of the Taiwanese economy over the period 1966-96. The approach links the GDP function of a multiple sector neoclassical growth model to growth accounting and, subsequently to the estimation of the parameters of this function. The growth accounting results show that the contribution of total factor productivity (TFP) to growth in GDP averaged about 32 percent over the period, and this contribution increased as the economy approached its long-run equilibrium during the decade of the 1980s, with evidence of some departure during 1991-96. Growth in TFP increased output growth in industry and services while growth in skilled labor benefited all sectors. Growth in... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Productivity; Technological change; International Development; Productivity Analysis; O3; O4; O5. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12968 |
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| Registros recuperados: 55 | |
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