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LANDWIRTSCHAFT IN MOLDOVA AgEcon
Petrick, Martin.
This paper provides an overview of the economic situation of agriculture in the Republic of Moldova. Emphasis is laid on the natural conditions for production, its structure, trade, as well as the historical development of agriculture and its transition to the market after 1991.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Moldova; Agriculture; Transition; Moldova; Landwirtschaft; Transformation im Agrarsektor.; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Production Economics; P32; Q13; Q15.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91952
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Sources of Agricultural Productivity Growth in Central Asia AgEcon
Lerman, Zvi; Sedik, David J..
The paper examines agricultural production and productivity growth in two Central Asian countries – Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Both countries are characterized by a significant shift of resources from the traditional Soviet model of collective agriculture to more market-compliant individual and family farming. In both countries, the beginning of the policy-driven switch to family farming around 1997 coincided with the beginning of recovery in agriculture, namely resumption of agricultural growth after a phase of transition decline since 1991. In addition to growth in total agricultural production, we also observe significant increases in productivity of both land and labor since 1997. These observations suggest that productivity growth may be attributable...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural productivity; Agricultural growth; Family farms; Corporate farms; Comparative performance; Agrarian reforms; Transition countries; Central Asia; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; P27; P31; P32; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49312
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Marketing, Cooperatives and Price Heterogeneity: Evidence from the CIS Dairy Sector AgEcon
Sauer, Johannes; Gorton, Matthew; White, John.
Drawing on survey data, this paper identifies the determinants of variations in farm gate milk prices for three CIS countries (Armenia, Moldova and Ukraine). We apply a multi-level modeling approach, specifically a bootstrapped and selectivity bias corrected mixed-effects linear regression model. The analysis suggests three main strategies for farmers to improve the price received for their output: consolidation, cooperation and stable supply chain relationships. While selling through a marketing cooperative has a significant and positive effect on farm gate milk prices, the majority of non-members are reluctant to join. The size of dairy operations, trust and contracting also impact positively on the prices received by farmers. Policy implications are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Price Heterogeneity; Milk; Cooperatives; Armenia; Moldova; Ukraine; Preisheterogenität; Milch; Kooperative; Armenien; Moldawien; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; O13; P32; Q13.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114489
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The Determinants of Polish Farmers' Credit Interest Rates: Hedonic Price Analysis and Implications for Government Policy AgEcon
Petrick, Martin; Latruffe, Laure.
Our micro-econometric analysis of agricultural credit market outcomes in Poland sheds new light on the relationship between contractual arrangements and interest rates. An innovative theoretical framework based on a hedonic market model is developed. We interpret the factors that influence interest rates as "quality" components of the credit contract. We use unique data including detailed information about Polish farmers' credit contracts. Both nominal interest rates and bank fees are considered. Results show that banks prefer liquid types of collateral, and care little about the loan's purpose. The effect of government subsidies on interest rates is small compared to the officially declared reduction of the nominal rate.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural finance; Credit policy; Hedonic regression; Micro-econometrics; Poland; Agricultural and Food Policy; Financial Economics; Q12; Q14; P32.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24757
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CREATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND MARKET IN UKRAINE: CURRENT STATE OF DEVELOPMENT AgEcon
Melnychuk, Volodymyr; Parchomenko, Sergej; Lissitsa, Alexej.
Land reform started in Ukraine 14 years ago became one of the most important issues in transformation of large state agricultural enterprises into market oriented agricultural enterprises. Significant changes in land use and land ownership has happened as a result of land reform implementation in Ukraine. Namely, state monopoly on land was eliminated, agricultural land was privatized, citizens of Ukraine received land plots in possession, first land transactions have happened at agricultural land market etc. Actual data regarding Ukrainian land relations reformation is systematized in this Discussion paper with especial focus on establishing the prerequisites of further formation and perspective development of the agricultural land market in Ukraine....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Land market reform; Transition; Ukraine; Bodenmarktreform; Transformationsprozess; Реформа рынка земли; Переходный период; Украина; Agribusiness; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; O13; O 17; P26; P32; P48; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92022
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LOCAL PARTNERSHIP AS AN INCUBATOR FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF DEBRZNO, NORTH-WESTERN POLAND AgEcon
Gramzow, Andreas.
Since the beginning of the 1990s, the gap in economic development between rural and urban regions in Poland has continuously grown. Increasing income disparities and the lack of job opportunities have already led to an outflow of young people out of and an increasing obsolescence in rural areas. As successful examples in different Polish regions show, endogenous initiatives may have a lasting impact on the economic development of rural areas and are able to counter the mentioned effects. This paper presents the results of a case study which analyses endogenous initiatives in the commune Dêbrzno, Pomorskie voivodship, Poland. The case study results primarily rely on open interviews conducted with inhabitants, representatives of the local government, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Rural development; Endogenous initiative; Cooperation; Leader+; Poland; Community/Rural/Urban Development; J43; P32; R11.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14924
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ENDOGENOUS INITIATIVES AS A CHANCE TO IMPROVE RURAL LIVELIHOOD? RESULTS OF A CASE STUDY IN BALTOW, SOUTH-EASTERN POLAND AgEcon
Gramzow, Andreas.
Polish rural areas, compared to other EU-25 member states, still show a high agricultural employment due to a lack of job opportunities in other rural economic sectors. In particular, in South-eastern Poland the shut down of heavy industry companies in the early 1990s left many rural inhabitants only with small incomes from their peasant farms or pensions. In the commune Ba³tów (South-eastern Poland) in order to counteract these developments, local development associations and a regional partnership undertook initiatives to stimulate the regional economy by creating a tourism infrastructure. This paper presents a case study, conducted in Ba³tów, which analyses local problems, development chances, and experience with local endogenous initiatives. The main...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Rural development; Tourism; Leader+; Endogenous; P32; Q10; R11; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14900
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COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION – DEVELOPMENT AND PRINCIPLES OF FUNCTIONING AgEcon
Lissitsa, Alexej; Laka, Oksana; Gagalyuk, Taras; Mykolayovych, Kwasha Sergiy.
The following Discussion Paper depicts main principles and mechanisms of agricultural policy of European Union. The study is aimed to show the wide Russian speaking research community only a short historical background and few elements of current Agricultural Policy rules and should be seen as a starting point for further analysis and discussions.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: European Union; Agrarian policy; Reform; Europäische Union; Agrarpolitik; Reform; Европейский Союз; Аграрная политика; Реформа.; Agribusiness; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; O13; O 17; P26; P32; P48; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92019
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Marketing, Co-operatives and Price Heterogeneity: Evidence from the CIS Dairy Sector AgEcon
Sauer, Johannes; Gorton, Matthew; White, John.
Drawing on survey data, this paper identifies the determinants of variations in farm gate milk prices for three CIS countries (Armenia, Moldova and Ukraine). We apply a multi-level modeling approach, specifically a bootstrapped and selectivity bias corrected mixed-effects linear regression model. The analysis suggests three main strategies for farmers to improve the price received for their output: consolidation, cooperation and stable supply chain relationships. While selling through a marketing cooperative has a significant and positive effect on farm gate milk prices, the majority of non-members are reluctant to join. The size of dairy operations, trust and contracting also impact positively on the prices received by farmers. Policy implications are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Price heterogeneity; Milk; Cooperatives; Armenia; Moldova; Ukraine; Marketing; O13; P32; Q13.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108938
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Productivity and Efficiency of Corporate and Individual Farms in Ukraine AgEcon
Lerman, Zvi; Sedik, David J..
The paper presents a comparative analysis of the productivity of corporate and individual farms in Ukraine based primarily on cross-section data from a farm survey conducted by FAO in 2005. We calculate partial land and labor productivity, total factor productivity, and technical efficiency scores (using Stochastic Frontier Analysis) for farms of different organizational forms. Our results demonstrate with considerable confidence that, contrary to established convictions among the Ukrainian decision makers, the large corporate farms are not more productive than the smaller family farms. This finding is not restricted to Ukraine, as a similar result has been obtained by in Moldova, Russia, and the U.S. Policies encouraging a shift from large corporate farms...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Family farms; Corporate farms; Comparative performance; Technical efficiency; Total factor productivity; Agrarian reforms; Transition countries; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis; D24; J24; P27; P31; P32; Q12; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9985
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EXPERIENCE WITH ENDOGENOUS RURAL DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES AND THE PROSPECTS FOR LEADER+ IN THE REGION "DOLINA STRUGU", POLAND AgEcon
Gramzow, Andreas.
This paper presents the results of a case study of local economic development in Dolina Strugu, Podkarpackie voivodship, Poland. Its aim is to analyse local development problems and chances, to investigate the potential of endogenous initiatives to support economic development, and to examine the prospects for an implementation of the EU's initiative Leader+. The case study primarily relies on interviews conducted with local government authorities, NGOs, business owners and farmers in summer 2005. The hitherto unsatisfactory income situation in agriculture has been particularly precarious for the region because two thirds of the people in working age are employed in agriculture and alternative job opportunities are mostly absent. To respond to these...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Rural development; Endogenous initiative; Leader+; Cooperation; Poland; Community/Rural/Urban Development; P32; Q13; R11.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14907
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Marketing, cooperatives and price heterogeneity: evidence from the CIS dairy sector AgEcon
Sauer, Johannes; Gorton, Matthew; White, John.
Drawing on survey data, this paper identifies the determinants of variations in farm gate milk prices for three CIS countries (Armenia, Moldova and Ukraine). We apply a multi-level modeling approach, specifically a bootstrapped mixed-effects linear regression model. The analysis suggests three main strategies to improve the price received by farmers for their output: consolidation, competition for output and stable supply chain relationships. In Armenia and Ukraine selling through a marketing cooperative has a significant, positive, albeit modest, effect on farm gate milk prices. In all three countries studied, the size of dairy operations, trust and contracting also affect positively the prices received by farmers.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Price heterogeneity; Milk; Cooperatives; Armenia; Moldova; Ukraine; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Marketing; O13; P32; Q13.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103722
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Survival and Growth of Family Farms in a Transition Country – The Hungarian Case AgEcon
Bakucs, Lajos Zoltan; Ferto, Imre.
The paper investigates the validity of Gibrat’s Law in Hungarian agriculture. We use FADN data between 2001 and 2007 and employ quantile regression techniques to test the validity of Gibrat’s Law across quantiles. The Law is strongly rejected for all quantiles, providing strong evidence that smaller farms tend to grow faster than larger ones. We provide a number of socio-economic factors that can explain farm growth. Of these we found that total subsidies received by farm and far operator’s age are the most significant factors.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Gibrat’s Law; Family farm; Quantile regression; Transition agriculture; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; P32; Q12; Q19.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52846
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The dimensions of social capital and rural development: evidence from Water Communities in the Republic of Macedonia AgEcon
Gorton, Matthew; Sauer, Johannes; Peshevski, Mile; Bosev, Dane; Shekerinov, Darko; Quarrie, Steve.
Drawing on Nahapiet and Ghoshal's (1998) distinction between the structural, relational, and cognitive dimensions of social capital, this paper analyses the performance of Water Communities (WCs) in the Bregalnica region of the Republic of Macedonia. WCs are farmer-managed local irrigation systems which are critical to livelihoods in Bregalnica. Data on the performance of the WCs and role of social capital was collected via in-depth interviews and a farm survey (n=249) of both members and non-members. Results highlight the importance of social capital in explaining the decision to join a WC, the satisfaction of members with their WC, and payment behaviour.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Social capital; Rural development; Irrigation; Rural development; Community/Rural/Urban Development; O13; P32; Q15.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94916
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Institutional Change in East German Water Management Systems AgEcon
Schleyer, Christian.
Like in many fen land regions in East Germany, long-standing intensive arable farming -enabled by reclamation - has caused soil deterioration and high water runoff in the Schraden region. More than ten years of economic and political transformation that followed the breakdown of the socialist regime has worsened the situation and even added new problems. The visible consequences are droughts in the summer, waterlogged plots in the spring, and worn-down water management facilities that operate in an uncoo rdinated or unautho rized way. Given the local public good character of so me features of the fen land, the common-pool character of the intermittently scarce resource water within the ecosystem, and the conflicting interests of regional stakeholders, it...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; H41; P14; P32; Q15; Q25.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25729
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Sources of Agricultural Productivity Growth in Central Asia: The Case of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan AgEcon
Lerman, Zvi; Sedik, David J..
The paper examines agricultural production and productivity growth in two Central Asian countries – Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Both countries are characterized by a significant shift of resources from the traditional Soviet model of collective agriculture to more market-compliant individual and family farming. In both countries, the beginning of the policy-driven switch to family farming around 1997 coincided with the beginning of recovery in agriculture, namely resumption of agricultural growth after a phase of transition decline since 1991. In addition to growth in total agricultural production, we also observe significant increases in productivity of both land and labor since 1997. These observations suggest that productivity growth may be attributable...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural productivity; Agricultural growth; Family farms; Corporate farms; Comparative performance; Agrarian reforms; Transition countries; Central Asia; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; P27; P31; P32; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54713
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Land Reform and Development of Agricultural Land Markets in Russia AgEcon
Lerman, Zvi; Shagaida, Natalya.
Russia has experienced dramatic changes in land ownership and tenure since 1991: agricultural land has been largely privatized, individual landowners now have legal rights to most agricultural land in the country, and prohibitions on buying and selling of land have been recently removed. The necessary pre-conditions for the development of agricultural land markets have been met and we are beginning to witness transactions that involve individual landowners, and not only the state. Further development of the land market is circumscribed by the inadequacy of the administrative and technical infrastructure. The paper discusses the evolving legal framework for land reform, considers the impacts on privatization and ownership structure of agricultural land, and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Land reform; Land market; Land leasing; Transition; Land Economics/Use; P23; P26; P31; P32; Q15.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24604
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Agriculture, Structural Change and Socially Responsible Development in China and Vietnam AgEcon
Tisdell, Clement A..
The gradualism of economic reforms in China and Vietnam (especially in China, which has led the way in this regard) has been commented on favourably by many analysts studying transitional economies. Early market reforms in China and Vietnam were constrained by political considerations and consequently, began in agriculture and in China’s case, in rural areas with the development of town-and-village enterprises as well. It is argued that at the time when the reforms began, they were socially responsible. However, they have created a legacy which has resulted in agricultural land disputes and many town-and-village enterprises now face new economic challenges resulting in social conflict as the structure of China’s economy alters and greater market...
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: China; Commercialisation of agriculture; Economic reform; Land rights; Town-and-village enterprises; Transitional economies; Vietnam.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; P21; P25; P31; P32.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123022
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Measurement and Explanation of Technical Efficiency Performance in Ukrainian Agriculture, 1991-1996 AgEcon
Murova, Olga I.; Trueblood, Michael A.; Coble, Keith H..
The present study examines technical efficiency patterns in Ukraine’s crop sector for 1991-1996. The economic and policy environment in Ukraine has changed since reform began in 1991. Many policy changes have exerted offsetting economic pressures on efficiency. Enterprise privatization and the liberalization of prices and trade put upward pressure on technical efficiency, whereas start-stop land privatization efforts, unpredictable government intervention, and slow developments in the credit and labor markets put downward pressure on efficiency. We found that technical efficiency appears to have improved slightly over the 1991-1996 period, suggesting that the positive forces had more impact.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Data envelopment analysis; Enterprise privatization; Inefficiency; Price liberalization; Productivity; Stochastic frontier analysis; Technical efficiency; D29; E23; E66; O38; P32.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43430
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Economic Growth and Transition in Vietnam and China and its Consequences for their Agricultural Sectors: Policy and Agricultural Adjustment Issues AgEcon
Tisdell, Clement A..
Secondary data are used to discuss and compare the consequences for agriculture of economic growth and transition in Vietnam and China. It is found that China and Vietnam have experienced similar adjustments in their agricultural sectors and face at this time, similar agricultural policy problems. China began its economic reforms in 1979 and Vietnam followed in 1986. Since then both countries have experienced rapid economic growth, falling poverty rates and significant rises in per capita income. At the same time, substantial restructuring of their economies has occurred, a feature of which has been a decline in the relative contribution of agriculture to total employment and output. These changes are outlined. Significant changes have also occurred within...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Asia; China; Economic transition; Farm employment; Land reforms; Land rights; Livestock; Non-farm employment; Structural change.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; O25; O5; P32; Q1.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94305
Registros recuperados: 30
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