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| Duhalde, Michel; Levrel, Harold; Guyader, Olivier. |
| Natura 2000 (N2K) is a European network of protected areas that has grown out of the implementation of the Birds Directive (1979) and the Habitats Directive (1992). To date, the literature focussing on “conservation measures” required by the directives has been scarce. This article contributes to a better understanding of associated practices with regard to these measures in the case of France. We put forward a quantitative approach based on 1378 “action-sheets” randomly extracted from 113 management documents of French Natura 2000 coastal sites. These action-sheets are considered to be the physical embodiment of the notion of the conservation measure itself. The analysis concentrates on the “type” of the proposed measures, expressed in terms of a... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Natura 2000; Conservation measures; Policy instruments; Coastal; Statistical analysis. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00378/48972/49760.pdf |
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| Stavins, Robert N.. |
| There continues to be great debate about the desirability of taking actions to limit carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gas emissions, but it is important to consider policy instruments that can be employed to meet targets that may eventually be forthcoming. The theoretical advantages of market-based instruments, such as carbon taxes and systems of tradable carbon rights, are striking. In the U.S. domestic context, grandfathered tradable permits will probably be the preferred approach (if any) in the short run, although revenueneutral carbon taxes will hold greater promise in the long run. In the international context, a system of international tradable permits could provide important advantages over alternative approaches, but it is difficult to... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Global climate change; Policy instruments; Political and institutional barriers; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q28; Q4. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10757 |
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| Rousseau, Sandra. |
| This model explicitly incorporates the dynamic aspects of conservation programs with incomplete compliance and it allows landholders’ behaviour to change over time. We find that incomplete and instrument-specific enforcement can have a significant impact on the choice between subsidy schemes and reserves for conservation policies. The results suggest that it is useless to design a conservation scheme for landholders if the regulator is not prepared to explicitly back the program with a monitoring and enforcement policy. In general, the regulator will prefer to use compensation payments, if the cost of using government revenues is sufficiently low, the environmental benefits are equal, and the cost efficiency benefits exceed the (possible) increase in... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Monitoring and enforcement; Policy instruments; Conservation policy; Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44453 |
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| Morgenstern, Richard D.. |
| Significant environmental benefits are often associated with the rapid diffusion of new energy-saving technologies. Over the past decade, the federal government, as well as electric and gas utilities, have begun to provide free technical information to potential buyers to stimulate private investment in certain technologies, particularly for retrofitting existing buildings. Yet it has not been demonstrated that this provision of technical information can truly accelerate the rate of technology diffusion. This study develops a model of firm behavior that incorporates multiple factors in the decision to retrofit high efficiency lighting technologies. Technology retrofit and the acceptance of technical information are modeled as jointly determined dichotomous... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Technology diffusion; Energy conservation; Policy instruments; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; H59; Q48; O38. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10750 |
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| Claassen, Roger; Hansen, LeRoy T.; Peters, Mark; Breneman, Vincent E.; Weinberg, Marca; Cattaneo, Andrea; Feather, Peter; Gadsby, Dwight M.; Hellerstein, Daniel; Hopkins, Jeffrey W.; Johnston, Paul V.; Morehart, Mitchell J.; Smith, Mark. |
| Agri-environmental policy is at a crossroads. Over the past 20 years, a wide range of policies addressing the environmental implications of agricultural production have been implemented at the Federal level. Those policies have played an important role in reducing soil erosion, protecting and restoring wetlands, and creating wildlife habitat. However, emerging agri-environmental issues, evolution of farm income support policies, and limits imposed by trade agreements may point toward a rethinking of agri-environmental policy. This report identifies the types of policy tools available and the design features that have improved the effectiveness of current programs. It provides an indepth analysis of one policy tool that may be an important component of a... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Conservation programs; Environmental policy; Agricultural policy; Policy instruments; Agricultural program design; Soil erosion; Nitrogen runoff; Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33983 |
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