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| Pender, John L.; Gebremedhin, Berhanu; Benin, Samuel; Ehui, Simeon K.. |
| This paper investigates the impacts of population growth, market access, agricultural credit and technical assistance programs, land policies, livelihood strategies and other factors on changes in land management, natural resource conditions and human welfare indicators since 1991 in the northern Ethiopian highlands, based on a survey of 198 villages. We find that population growth has contributed significantly to land degradation, poverty and food insecurity in this region. In contrast, better market access and some credit and technical assistance programs were associated with improvement (or less decline) in land quality, wealth and food security; suggesting the possibility of "win-win-win" development outcomes with appropriate interventions. Land... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Land degradation; Sustainable agriculture; Population pressure; Ethiopian highlands; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16121 |
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| Shifa, Abdulaziz B.. |
| Though poor agricultural land property rights are typical constraints that many peasants in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have faced since independence, little has been done to explain their persistence. I will first discuss the so called evolutionary theory of property right (ETPR), which stipulates that land property rights evolve as an afficient response to the economic environment. The empirical evidence suggests that the policies adopted by African regimes are actually in sharp contrast to what the ETPR predicts. I will then present a simple political economy model with three major assumptions that are commonly observed in SSA countries: (1) de jure political power belongs to the urban elite, (2) urban unrest is a source of threat to the elite and (3) a... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Land property rights; Urban bias; Population pressure; Rural-urban migration; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116002 |
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