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Temperatura cardeal e potencial hídrico na germinação de sementes de corda-de-viola (Ipomoea triloba) Planta Daninha
Rizzardi,M.A.; Luiz,A.R.; Roman,E.S.; Vargas,L..
O presente trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar o efeito da temperatura e da umidade na germinação e na emergência de corda-de-viola (Ipomoea triloba) e determinar o efeito de potenciais hídricos e de temperaturas na germinação de sementes e na elongação do hipocótilo e da radícula dessa espécie. Avaliaram-se os termoperíodos de 9,3 e 5 (7,5); 14,3 e 10 (12,5); 19,3 e 15 (17,5); 24,3 e 20 (22,5); 29,3 e 25 (27,5); 34,3 e 30 (32,5); 39,2 e 35 (37,5) e 44,2; 40 (42,5); e 49,2 e 45 (47,5) ºC, alternando-se durante 14 e 10 horas, e os potenciais hídricos de 0, -0,03, -0,06, -0,1, -0,2, -0,4, -0,6 e -0,9 MPa. A germinação de corda-de-viola foi descrita pela interação da temperatura e do potencial hídrico, e a taxa de elongação da radícula e do hipocótilo, em...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Modelagem; Tempo hidrotérmico; Probit; Análise.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582009000100003
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Simplified Marginal Effects in Discrete Choice Models AgEcon
Anderson, Soren T.; Newell, Richard G..
We show that after a simple normalization of explanatory variables so that they equal zero at some desired reference point, marginal effects for continuous variables in probit and logit models simplify dramatically, becoming a function of only the estimated constant term. We present similar simplifications for computation of the asymptotic variance of marginal effects, as well as for the effects of dummy variables on predicted probabilities. We provide a simple table, which in combination with raw probit or logit estimates, is all one needs to compute the desired effects.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Logit; Probit; Discrete choice; Binary choice; Marginal effect; Data normalization; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C25; C51; C81.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10631
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Boolean logit and probit in Stata AgEcon
Braumoeller, Bear F..
This paper introduces new statistical models, Boolean logit and probit, that allow researchers to model binary outcomes as the results of Boolean interactions among independent causal processes. Each process (or “causal path”) is modeled as the unobserved outcome in a standard logit or probit equation, and the dependent variable is modeled as the observed product of their Boolean interaction. Up to five causal paths can be modeled, in any combination—A and B and C produce Y, A and (B or [C and D]) produce Y, etc.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Mlboolean; Dichotomous dependent variable; Boolean; Logit; Probit; Multiple causal paths; Complexity; Random utility; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116271
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Awareness of and Application to the Environmental Quality Incentives Program By Cow–Calf Producers AgEcon
Obubuafo, Joyce; Gillespie, Jeffrey M.; Paudel, Krishna P.; Kim, Seon-Ae.
This study uses a bivariate probit model with partial observability to examine Louisiana beef producers’ awareness of the Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP) and how awareness translates to application to the program. Results indicate that awareness of and application to the EQIP depend on portion of income derived from off-farm sources, extent of previous best management practice adoption at one’s own expense, household income, farmed land that is highly erodible, contact with Natural Resource Conservation Service and extension service personnel, and producer age.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: BMPs; Bivariate probit; EQIP; Probit; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; Q12; Q16; Q18.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45531
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Intra-class correlation in random-effects models for binary data AgEcon
Rodriguez, German; Elo, Irma.
We review the concept of intra-class correlation in random-effects models for binary outcomes as estimated by Stata’s xtprobit, xtlogit, and xtclog. We consider the usual measures of correlation based on a latent variable formulation of these models and note corrections to the last two procedures. We also discuss alternative measures of association based on manifest variables or actual outcomes and introduce a new command xtrho for computing these measures for all three types of models.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Intra-class correlation; Random-effects; Probit; Logit; Complementary log-log; Pearson's r; Yule's Q; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116030
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Willingness to Pay for Irradiated Meat Products: A Comparison between Poultry and Pork AgEcon
Huang, Chung L.; Wolfe, Kent; McKissick, John C..
Food processors are interested not only to increase the safety of their products but also to reduce losses associated with foodborne illness problems. Irradiating food products provides one means of addressing the foodborne illness issue by significantly reducing the presence of foodborne bacteria and diseases. The objective of the study is to develop an empirical model to estimate the likelihood of consumers purchasing irradiated food products and their willingness to pay for irradiated poultry and pork products within a two-step decision-making process. The decision-making framework assumes that consumers decide first whether or not to buy irradiated foods. If so, the consumer then decides specifically how much that they are willing to pay. Thus, a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food safety; Irradiation; Probit; Double-bounded bidding; Socio-demographics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Livestock Production/Industries; D1; C21.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25416
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The Last of the American Ag Economists AgEcon
Epperson, James E..
It has become more and more difficult to recruit prospective American Ph.D. students in Agricultural and Applied Economics. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of the problem, to ascertain why with respect to location and other important factors, and hopefully deduce recruiting solutions. Results indicate that the paramount factors in a profile of those willing to pay the price in terms of sacrifice and effort to obtain a Ph.D. encompass willingness to accept a relatively low starting salary with a Ph.D., likely to be a Foreign National, prone to be in a Midwestern university, and willing to relocate globally. Generally, the Ph.D. starting salary would have to increase dramatically to change the minds of graduate students not intending to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: American; Agricultural Economists; Ph.D.; Salaries; Probit; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49272
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An Extension of the Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition Technique to Logit and Probit Models AgEcon
Fairlie, Robert W..
The Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition technique is widely used to identify and quantify the separate contributions of group differences in measurable characteristics, such as education, experience, marital status, and geographical differences to racial and gender gaps in outcomes. The technique cannot be used directly, however, if the outcome is binary and the coefficients are from a logit or probit model. I describe a relatively simple method of performing a decomposition that uses estimates from a logit or probit model. Expanding on the original application of the technique in Fairlie (1999), I provide a more thorough discussion of how to apply the technique, an analysis of the sensitivity of the decomposition estimates to different parameters, and the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Logit; Probit; Decomposition; Race; Gender; Discrimination; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C8; J7.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28425
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Water Saving Technology in Chinese Rice Production - Evidence from Survey Data AgEcon
Abdulai, Awudu; Glauben, Thomas; Herzfeld, Thomas; Zhou, Shudong.
Whereas water is an important input in rice production, China faces severe problems with increasing demand for water and limited water resources. In conventional paddy production, one of the most important irrigated crops, a significant amount of irrigation water is lost due to percolation and evaporation. Therefore, it exist a vivid research in water saving rice technologies. This paper analyzes the adoption of one of these water-saving rice production technologies, the so-called Ground Cover Rice Production System (GCRPS), in the Hubei province. Based on farm survey data several factors which affect the adoption decision could be identified. The adoption decision is treated as a binary choice problem and therefore a probit model is used for the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: China; Technology adoption; Water; GCRPS; Probit; Crop Production/Industries; O30; Q16.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24708
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FACTORS INFLUENCING FARMERS' SELECTION OF A MILK HANDLER AgEcon
Kilmer, Richard L.; Lee, Jonq-Ying; Carley, Dale H..
A structural probit model is estimated to determine the change in the probability of selecting a milk handler. Cooperatives are thought to have lower prices and higher deductions than independent milk handlers and these factors reduce the probability that a farmer will select a cooperative by 0.39 and 0.32. Cooperatives are thought to have better services and an assured market and payment than independent mile handlers and these factors increase the probability that a farmer will select a cooperative by 0.20 and 0.26. This indicates that many cooperative members value monetary characteristics over non-monetary characteristics.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Cooperatives; Processors; Attributes; Selection; Probit; Dairy; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15174
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Maximum likelihood estimation of endogenous switching and sample selection models for binary, ordinal, and count variables AgEcon
Miranda, Alfonso; Rabe-Hesketh, Sophia.
Studying behavior in economics, sociology, and statistics often involves fitting models in which the response variable depends on a dummy variable—also known as a regime-switch variable—or in which the response variable is observed only if a particular selection condition is met. In either case, standard regression techniques deliver inconsistent estimators if unobserved factors that affect the response are correlated with unobserved factors that affect the switching or selection variable. Consistent estimators can be obtained by maximum likelihood estimation of a joint model of the outcome and switching or selection variable. This article describes a “wrapper” program, ssm, that calls gllamm (Rabe-Hesketh, Skrondal, and Pickles, GLLAMM Manual [University...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Endogenous switching; Sample selection; Binary variable; Count data; Ordinal variable; Probit; Poisson regression; Adaptive quadrature; Gllamm; Wrapper; Ssm; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117582
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The economic viability of biomass crops versus conventional agricultural systems and its potential impact on farm incomes in Ireland AgEcon
Clancy, Daragh; Breen, James P.; Butler, Anne Marie; Thorne, Fiona S..
Ireland is currently importing 90 percent of its energy. The burning of domestically produced nonrenewable peat provides 4.9 percent of Ireland’s total primary energy supply while renewable biomass crops currently account for only 1 percent of the domestically produced energy supply. The Irish government have set a target of 30% of peat (approximately 0.9 million tonnes) used for electricity generation to be replaced by renewable energy crops. This would be equivalent to approximately 0.6 million tonnes of biomass crops or approximately 45,000 hectares of biomass. Direct payments and subsidies accounted for over 100 percent of average family farm income on beef and sheep farms in 2006. Therefore there appears to be significant potential for Irish farmers...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Willow; Miscanthus; Co-firing; Net present value; Probit; Linear programming; Agricultural Finance; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6485
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Farmers’ strategies for adapting to climate change in Ogbomoso agricultural zone of Oyo state AgEcon
Ajao, A.O.; Ogunniyi, L.T..
The climate is changing and global mean temperatures have increased this is expected to have profound effects on food security. Long-term changes in climate will disproportionately affect tropical regions, meaning poor farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa will likely bear the brunt of adverse impacts. Adaptation plays an important role in reducing vulnerability to climate change and is therefore critical and of concern in developing countries, particularly in Africa where vulnerability is high because ability to adapt is low. This study examined farmers’ strategies for adapting to climate change in Ogbomoso agricultural zone of Oyo State of Nigeria. One hundred and fifty farmers were interviewed to obtain information from using a multistage sampling procedure....
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Climate; Probit; Mulchin; Adaptation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; GA; IN.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116378
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DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD HURRICANE EVACUATION CHOICE IN FLORDIA AgEcon
Solis, Daniel; Thomas, Michael H.; Letson, David.
In this study we implement a set of econometric models to analyze the determinants of household hurricane evacuation choice for a sample of 1,355 households in Florida. This article contributes to the literature by accounting for two issues normally neglected in previous studies; namely, time and space. The empirical results suggest that households living in risky environments (mobile home and flooding areas) are more likely to evacuate. In addition, households with kids and those who have experience the treat of a hurricane also display higher probabilities to evacuate. Conversely, homeowners and households with pets are less likely to evacuate than their counterparts. Regional differences in propensity to evacuate are also clearly demonstrated, with...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Hurricane; Evacuation choice; Probit; Environmental Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45338
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THE INFLUENCES OF LAND TENANCY AND ROTATION SELECTION ON CRAWFISH FARMERS’ ADOPTION OF BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AgEcon
Nyaupane, Narayan P.; Gillespie, Jeffrey M..
This study investigates factors influencing the adoption of best management practices in Louisiana crawfish production. Probit results show acreage, years farming, portion of income from farming, technology adoption tendencies, hunting leases and a stream running through the farm to influence adoption. The most frequently used BMP was irrigation water management.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Best Management Practices (BMPs); Technology adoption; Crawfish; Probit; Tenancy; Crop rotation; Production Economics.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46174
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Arkansas Landlord Selection of Land-Leasing Contract Type and Terms AgEcon
Rainey, Ronald L.; Dixon, Bruce L.; Ahrendsen, Bruce L.; Parsch, Lucas D.; Bierlen, Ralph W..
Land leasing is a major source of the land input to production agriculture. Responses from a survey of landlords leasing crop land in Arkansas are analyzed to better understand those factors motivating landlords in the type of lease they select and the terms of those leases. Probit models are estimated to determine the relative importance of variables representing credit constraint, agency problem, and risk aversion factors. Regression models then estimate the impact of site, landlord, and tenant characteristics on contract terms – the percentage of crop and cost sharing arrangements between landlord and tenant. Probit results suggest credit constraint factors influence lease-type selection. Risk aversion, managerial ability, and social capital factors are...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Land leasing; Probit; Contract; Production agriculture; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8175
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WILLINGNESS TO PLANT IDENTITY PRESERVED CROPS: THE CASE OF MISSISSIPPI SOYBEANS AgEcon
Hudson, Darren; Jones, Tom.
The willingness to plant identity preserved (IP) crops was examined using Mississippi soybean producers as an example. A contingent valuation framework was used to assess the impacts of offered premiums on a producer's probability of planting IP soybeans. Findings suggest that offered premiums significantly affect planting decisions. In addition, desire to learn more about IP production was found to increase the probability of planting, suggesting that desire to learn leads to experimentation. Finally, prior knowledge or experience planting IP crops significantly decreased the probability of planting.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Identity preservation; Soybeans; Contingent valuation; Experimentation; Logit; Probit; Crop Production/Industries; Q13; Q16.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15444
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Adoption of Site-Specific Information and Variable-Rate Technologies in Cotton Precision Farming AgEcon
Roberts, Roland K.; English, Burton C.; Larson, James A.; Cochran, Rebecca L.; Goodman, W. Robert; Larkin, Sherry L.; Marra, Michele C.; Martin, Steven W.; Shurley, W. Donald; Reeves, Jeanne M..
Probit analysis identified factors that influence the adoption of precision farming technologies by Southeastern cotton farmers. Younger, more educated farmer who operated larger farms and were optimistic about the future of precision farming were most likely to adopt site-specific information technology. The probability of adopting variable-rate input application technology was higher for younger farmers who operated larger farms, owned more of the land they farmed, were more informed about the costs and benefits of precision farming, and were optimistic about the future of precision farming. Computer use was not important, possibly because custom hiring shifts the burden of computer use to agribusiness firms.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Cotton; Grid soil sampling; Precision farming; Probit; Sample selection; Site-specific information; Technology adoption; Variable-rate application; D21; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42943
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Computing interaction effects and standard errors in logit and probit models AgEcon
Norton, Edward C.; Wang, Hua; Ai, Chunrong.
This paper explains why computing the marginal effect of a change in two variables is more complicated in nonlinear models than in linear models. The command inteff computes the correct marginal effect of a change in two interacted variables for a logit or probit model, as well as the correct standard errors. The inteff command graphs the interaction effect and saves the results to allow further investigation.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Inteff; Interaction terms; Logit; Probit; Nonlinear models; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116235
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The Impact of Retail Promotion on the Purchase of Private Label Products: The Case of U.S. Processed Cheese AgEcon
Bouhlal, Yasser; Capps, Oral, Jr..
This study examines the impact of retail promotion on the purchase of private label products. The influence of private label coupons, national brand coupons, and store features is examined. To identify these effects, a logistic model Probit is estimated where the binary variable equals 1 if the household buys the private label product, and equals 0 if the private label product is not bought. The model gives the probability that Y=1 is chosen conditional on a set of explanatory variables. In this study we focus on the American processed cheese transactions and we use the ACNielsen Homescan Panel of U.S. households for the year 2005. No significant relationship was found between private label purchase and the level of private label couponing activity....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Retail promotion; Coupon; Private label; Cheese consumption; Probit; Endogenous explanatory variable; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61286
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