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| Registros recuperados: 54 | |
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| Hochman, Gal; Rajagopal, Deepak; Zilberman, David. |
| This paper derives a method to quantify the impact of biofuel on fuel markets, assuming that these markets are dominated by cartel of oil-rich countries, and that prices in these countries are set to maximize the sum of domestic consumer and producer surplus, leading to a wedge between domestic and international fuel prices. We model this behavior by applying the optimal export tax model (henceforth, the cartel-of-nations model) to the fuel markets. Using data from 2007 to calibrate the model, we show that the introduction of biofuels reduces global fossil fuel consumption and international fuel prices by about 1% and 2%, respectively. We identify large differences between the effects of introducing biofuels using the cartel-of-nations model, in contrast... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Energy; OPEC; Biofuel; Fuel; Carbon savings; Optimal export tax model; Cheap oil; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F1; Q4. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59170 |
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| Fischer, Carolyn. |
| Project-based mechanisms for emissions reductions credits, like the Clean Development Mechanism, pose important challenges for policy design because of several inherent characteristics. Participation is voluntary. Evaluating reductions requires assigning a baseline for a counterfactual that cannot be measured. Some investments have both economic and environmental benefits and might occur anyway. Uncertainty surrounds both emissions and investment returns. Parties to the project are likely to have more information than the certifying authority. The certifying agent is limited in its ability to design a contract that would reveal investment intentions. As a result, rules for baseline determination may be systematically biased to overallocate, and they also... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Climate policy; Clean Development Mechanism; Baseline emissions; Asymmetric information; Environmental Economics and Policy; D8; Q4. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10520 |
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| Bazilian, Morgan; Nussbaumer, Patrick; Gualberti, Giorgio; Haites, Erik; Levi, Michael; Siegel, Judy; Kammen, Daniel M.; Fenhann, Joergen. |
| Energy poverty is widely recognized as a major obstacle to economic and social development and poverty alleviation. To help inform the design of appropriate and effective policies to reduce energy poverty, we present a brief analysis of the current macro financial flows in the electricity and gas distribution sectors in developing countries. We build on the methodology used to quantify the flows of investment in the climate change area. This methodology relies on national gross fixed capital formation, overseas development assistance, and foreign direct investment. These high-level and aggregated investment figures provide a sense of scale to policy-makers, but are only a small part of the information required to design financial vehicles. In addition,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Energy Access; Energy Finance; Financial flows; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q4. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115729 |
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| Fischer, Carolyn; Morgenstern, Richard D.. |
| Estimates of marginal abatement costs for reducing carbon emissions in the United States by the major economic-energy models vary by a factor of five, undermining support for mandatory policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We use meta analysis to explain these cost differences, holding policy regimes constant and focusing on the role of baseline emissions projections and structural characteristics of the models. The results indicate that certain assumptions, like freer trade and greater disaggregation of regions and nonenergy goods, lead to lower estimates of marginal abatement costs, while more disaggregated energy goods raise them. Other choices, like myopic optimization by households or the inclusion of an international finance sector, seem less... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Climate models; Carbon tax; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q4; Q25; D58. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10537 |
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| MacAuley, Molly K.; Shih, Jhih-Shyang; Aronow, Emily; Austin, David H.; Bath, Tom; Darmstadter, Joel. |
| In this paper we develop a cost index-based measure of the expected consumer welfare gains from innovation in electricity generation technologies. To illustrate our approach, we estimate how much better off consumers would be from 2000 to 2020 as renewable energy technologies continue to be improved and gradually adopted, compared with a counterfactual scenario that allows for continual improvement of conventional technology. We proceed from the position that the role and prospects of renewable energy are best assessed within a market setting that considers competing energy technologies and sources. We evaluate five renewable energy technologies used to generate electricity: solar photovoltaics, solar thermal, geothermal, wind, and biomass. For each, we... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Energy economics; Technical change; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q4; O3. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10588 |
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| Burtraw, Dallas. |
| This paper reports on four areas of research concerning Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments that regulates emissions of SO2 from electricity generation. The first is the costs of the program over the long-run as estimated from the current perspective taking into account recent changes in fuel markets and technology. We compare projected costs with potential cost savings that can be attributable to formal trading of emission allowances. The second area is an evaluation of how well allowance trading has worked to date. The third area is the relationship between compliance costs and economic costs from a general equilibrium perspective. The fourth area is a comparison of benefits and costs for the program. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Acid rain; Benefit-cost analysis; Air pollution; Permit trading; Clean Air Act; Environmental Economics and Policy; H43; Q2; Q4. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10885 |
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| Bonenti, Francesca; Oggioni, Giorgia; Allevi, Elisabetta; Marangoni, Giacomo. |
| In this paper we investigate the economic impacts of the European Emission Trading Scheme (EU-ETS) on the Italian electricity market by a power generation expansion model. In particular, we assume that generators make their capacity expansion decisions in a Cournot or in a perfect competition manner. This model is used to measure the effects of the EU-ETS Directives on electricity prices and demand, investments and generators' profits both in an oligopolistic and in a perfectly competitive organization of the power market. We adopt a technological representation of the energy market which is discretized into six geographical zones (North, Center-North, Center-South, South, Sicily, Sardinia) and five virtual poles (Monfalcone, Foggia, Brindisi, Rossano,... |
| Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: Complementarity Conditions; General Equilibrium Models; EU-ETS; Italian Electricity Market; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q4; Q48. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120050 |
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| Registros recuperados: 54 | |
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