SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Ottaviano, Gianmarco I.P..

The global welfare implications of home market effects in trade models with imperfect competition are little understood. This paper proposes a simple model in which such implications can be easily analyzed. It shows an overall tendency of imperfectly competitive sectors to inefficiently cluster in locations that offer market access advantages. The more so the stronger the market power of firms as well as the intensity of increasing returns to scale and the lower the trade costs. As such features are likely to differ widely across sectors, those results provide theoretical ground to the promotion of regional policies that are also sectorspecific and not only region-specific as currently in the EU.

The Effect of Spillovers and Congestion on the Segregative Properties of Endogenous Jurisdiction Structure Formation

Palavras-chave: Economic integration; Specialization; Home market effect; Regional disparities; Regional policy; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; F12; L13; R13.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26387

Oddou, Remy.

This paper analyzes the effect of spillovers and congestion of local public goods on the segregative properties of endogenous formation of jurisdiction. Households living in the same place form a jurisdiction and produce a local public good, that creates positive spillovers in other jurisdictions and suffers from congestion. In every jurisdiction, the production of the local public good is financed through a local tax on household's wealth. Local wealth tax rates are democratically determined in all jurisdictions. Households also consume housing in their jurisdiction. Any household is free to leave its jurisdiction for another one that would increase its utility. A necessary and sufficient condition to have every stable jurisdiction structure segregated by...

Rural-Urban Migration and the Intergenerational Transmission of Wealth

Palavras-chave: Jurisdictions; Segregation; Spillovers; Congestion; Environmental Economics and Policy; C78; D02; H73; R13.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108259

Enver, Ayesha; Partridge, Mark D..

Replaced with revised version of paper 07/24/08.

A REGIONAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS OF THE WELFARE IMPACT OF CASH TRANSFERS: AN ANALYSIS OF PROGRESA IN MEXICO

Palavras-chave: Overlapping Generations Model; Rural-Urban Migration; Poverty Traps; Agglomeration Economies; Place-based Policies; Person-based Policies; Consumer/Household Economics; Labor and Human Capital; R13; R58; O15.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6475

Coady, David P.; Harris, Rebecca Lee.

Using a regionally disaggregated computable general equilibrium model, we analyze the differential welfare impacts of a cash transfer program targeted at rural areas. The direct effect of the transfers decreases regional income differentials, but the indirect effects depend on how the program is financed. Financing the program with a more efficient tax system is also less regressive and has favorable urban impacts. The less efficient instruments result in relatively higher incomes in all rural regions, but are more regressive. The increasing share of urban poverty highlights the shortcomings of rural targeting and raises the issue of horizontal equity.

Wine tax reform: The impact of introducing a volumetric excise tax for wine

Palavras-chave: General equilibrium; Targeted transfers; Regional impacts; Tax incidence; Food Security and Poverty; D3; D58; D60; H2; O10; O54; R13.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16303

Fogarty, James Joseph; Jakeman, Guy.

In addition to the GST, alcohol sold in Australia is subject to excise tax. Although both beer and spirits are subject to a volumetric excise tax, wine is subject to an additional value added tax known as the Wine Equalisation Tax (WET). The recent Henry tax review recommended substantial changes to Australian alcohol taxation policy. Here, the implications for the wine industry of the Henry tax review recommendations are explored using a computable general equilibrium model. The results show that: (i) replacement of the WET with a revenue neutral volumetric excise tax would have a small negative impact on the wine industry; (ii) removal of the WET rebate would have a substantial negative impact on small wineries; and (iii) applying a uniform alcohol tax...

Economic Impact of Wildlife-Associated Recreation Expenditures in the Southeast United States: A General Equilibrium Analysis

Palavras-chave: Wine; Alcohol taxation; General equilibrium modelling; Demand and Price Analysis; Health Economics and Policy; R13; H23.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108667

Hussain, Anwar; Munn, Ian A.; Holland, David W.; Armstrong, James; Spurlock, Stanley R..

The economic impact of wildlife-associated recreation in the Southeast United States was evaluated using a general equilibrium model. Exogenous demand shocks to the regional economy were based on estimates of expenditures by wildlife recreationists on hunting, fishing, and wildlife watching activities. Counterfactual simulations were carried out, making alternative assumptions about labor and capital mobility and their supply. Without wildlife-associated recreation expenditures, regional employment would have been smaller by up to 783 thousand jobs, and value added would have been $22 to $48 billion less. These findings underscore the significance of regional factor market conditions in economic impact and general equilibrium analysis.

Tipo: Article

Palavras-chave: General equilibrium modeling; Input-output analysis; Regional economic impact; Wildlife-associated recreation activities; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; R13; R15; Q26.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120456

EFEITOS DE UMA DESONERAÇÃO TRIBUTÁRIA NA ECONOMIA BRASILEIRA EM CENÁRIOS DE CRIAÇÃO DA ÁREA DE LIVRE COMÉRCIO DAS AMÉRICAS (ALCA)

Pereira, Matheus Wemerson Gomes; Teixeira, Erly Cardoso.

O objetivo desse artigo é determinar os impactos da criação da Área de Livre Comércio das Américas (ALCA), a partir de uma desoneração tributária, na economia brasileira. Para isso, foram analisados diversos cenários que contam, além da eliminação das tarifas ao comércio entre os países do continente americano, com redução de 10% dos impostos indiretos que incidem sobre o consumo, sobre os insumos intermediários e sobre a produção brasileira. O modelo do GTAPinGAMS é usado como instrumental analítico, aplicado à versão 6.0 do banco de dados do GTAP. Os resultados indicam que, em todos os cenários de ALCA, a redução dos impostos indiretos em 10% aumentou a competitividade, promoveu o crescimento e o bem-estar do Brasil e elevou a receita tributária. O...

Spatial networks in multi-region computable general equilibrium models

Palavras-chave: Integração regional; Tributos indiretos; Equilíbrio geral; GTAPinGAMS; Competitividade setorial; Regional integration; Indirect taxes; General equilibrium; GTAPinGAMS; Sectorial competition; International Relations/Trade; F13; F15; Q17; R13; H20.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109126

Lofgren, Hans; Robinson, Sherman.

"January 1999." Includes bibliographical references (p. 22-24).

The Effect of Climate Change on Transportation Flows and Inland Waterways Due to Climate-Induced Shifts in Crop Production Patterns

Palavras-chave: Equilibrium (Economics); Economic policy; Spatial analysis (Statistics); Computable general equilibrium (CGE); General Equilibrium; Spatial Network; Multi-Region Modeling; Transportation Costs; Trade Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; C68; D58; R13; O18.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97555

Attavanich, Witsanu; McCarl, Bruce A.; Fuller, Stephen W.; Vedenov, Dmitry V.; Ahmedov, Zafarbek.

This study was funded by the the University Transportation Center for Mobility, Texas Transportation Institute

Aggregation and Calibration of Agricultural Sector Models Through Crop Mix Restrictions and Marginal Profit Adjustments

Palavras-chave: Grain Transportation; Climate change and agriculture; Climate change and transportation; Land use change; Supply of grain; Demand for grain; Crop production patterns; Inland waterways; Mississippi River Basin; Climate change adaptation; Welfare distribution; Corn transportation; Soybeans transportation; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; C61; L91; L92; Q15; Q17; Q54; R14; R41; R13.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109241

Wiborg, Torben; McCarl, Bruce A.; Rasmussen, Svend; Schneider, Uwe A..

All agricultural sector models must deal with aggregation and calibration somehow. The aggregation problem involves treating a group of producers as if they all responded in the same way as a single representative unit. The calibration problem concerns making a model reproduce as closely as possible an empirically observed set of decision maker actions. This paper shows how both calibration and aggregation are addressed through crop mix restrictions combined with marginal profit adjust-ments.

The Economic and Environmental Effects of an EU Ban on Illegal Logging Imports. Insights from a CGE Assessment

Palavras-chave: Mathematical programming; Aggregation; Calibration; Crop mix; Marginal cost; Agricultural sector model; Agribusiness; C6; C61; Q1; Q11; Q17; Q18; R12; R13; R14.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24567

Bosello, Francesco; Parrado, Ramiro; Rosa, Renato.

Illegal logging is widely recognized as a major economic problem and one of the causes of environmental degradation. Increasing awareness of its negative effects has fostered a wide range of proposals to combat it by major international conservation groups and political organizations. Following the 2008 US legislation which prohibits the import of illegally harvested wood and wood products, the European Union (EU) is now discussing a legislation proposal which would ban illegal timber from the EU market. In this study we use the ICES computable general equilibrium model to estimate the reallocation of global demand and timber imports following the pending EU legislation. With this exercise our final objective is to assess the economic impacts and measure...

Agriculture and Income Distribution: Insights from a SAM of the Italian Economy

Palavras-chave: Forestry; Illegal Logging; International Trade; Economy and Environment; Computable General Equilibrium Models; Environmental Economics and Policy; D58; Q23; Q56; R13.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90953

Rocchi, Benedetto; Romano, Donato; Stefani, Gianluca.

The paper presents the results of the first SAM analysis of the agricultural sector in Italy. A SAM of the Italian economy has been properly modified in order to focus the analysis on agriculture. Two type of analysis have been carried out: (i) a multiplier analysis, and (ii) an assessment of the distributive impacts of different agricultural policies. This paper proposes also a new method for disaggregating the institutional sectors and production factors in order to analyze income distribution within the economy, with special emphasis on the agricultural sector. Main results are: (i) "fully" decoupled income supporting schemes (transfers to agricultural households) are the most equitable interventions and determine a perfect targeting of the distributive...

General Equilibrium Benefit Transfers for Spatial Externalities: Revisiting EPA's Prospective Analysis

Palavras-chave: Social accounting matrix; Agriculture; Income distribution; Italy; Labor and Human Capital; R13; R15; Q18; E25.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24919

Smith, V. Kerry; Sieg, Holger; Banzhaf, H. Spencer; Walsh, Randy.

Environmental policy analyses increasingly require the evaluation of benefits from large changes in spatially differentiated public goods. Such changes are likely to induce general equilibrium effects through changes in household expenditures and local migration, yet current practice "transfers" constant marginal values for even the largest changes. Moreover, it ignores important distributional effects of policy. This paper demonstrates that recently developed locational equilibrium models can provide transferable general equilibrium benefit measures. Our results suggest that taking account of the potential for adjustment and household heterogeneity is important. Applying benefits estimated from this method to the effect of the Clean Air Act amendments in...

The Economic Growth Impacts of Sugarcane Expansion In Brazil: An Inter-Regional Analysis

Palavras-chave: Air quality; Clean air act; Non-market valuation; Tiebout model; Environmental Economics and Policy; H41; Q25; R13.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10820

Deuss, Annelies.

Equilibrium Welfare Impacts of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments in the Los Angeles Area

Palavras-chave: Brazil; Sugarcane expansion; Economic growth; Propensity score; Ethanol; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C14; C21; O13; R13.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103564

Tra, Constant I..

This study develops a discrete choice locational equilibrium model to evaluate the benefits of the air quality improvements that occurred in the Los Angeles area following the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA). The discrete choice equilibrium approach accounts for the fact that air quality improvements brought about by the 1990 CAAA will change housing choices and prices. The study provides the first application of the discrete choice equilibrium framework (Anas, 1980, Bayer et al., 2005) to the valuation of large environmental changes. The study also provides new evidence for the distributional welfare impacts of the 1990 CAAA in the Los Angeles area. Households’ location choices are modeled according to the random utility framework of McFadden (1973)...

Evaluation of rural development programs after Poland’s accession to the EU: regional CGE approach

Palavras-chave: Benefit analysis; Ozone improvement; Locational equilibrium; Discrete choice; Environmental Economics and Policy; H0; Q28; R13; R21.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7341

Zawalinska, Katarzyna.

rural policy, pillar 2, Poland

Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Strategies In Italy. An Economic Assessment

Palavras-chave: Rural development policy; Regional computable general equilibrium model; Poland; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q18; R13; H43; O1.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51342

Carraro, Carlo; Sgobbi, Alessandra.

In this paper, the economic value of the impacts of climate change is assessed for different Italian economic sectors and regions. Sectoral and regional impacts are then aggregated to provide a macroeconomic estimate of variations in GDP induced by climate change in the next decades. Autonomous adaptation induced by changes in relative prices and in stocks of natural and economic resources is fully taken into account. The model also considers international trade effects. Results show that in Italy aggregate GDP losses induced by climate change are likely to be small. However, some economic sectors (e.g. tourism) and the alpine regions will suffer significant economic damages.

Imports in the Washington State Economy: Importance and Regional Effects of Import Liberalization

Palavras-chave: Impacts; Climate Change; Adaptation; GDP Losses; Tourism; Environmental Economics and Policy; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O13; Q43; Q5; R13.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6373

Wieck, Christine; Wahl, Thomas I..

This paper focuses on the import side of a regional economy quantifying the economic impact of import levels and trade liberalization. An innovation represents the linkage of a regional with a national model by combining two separate Computable General Equilibrium models into one framework. This allows for import price formation in liberalization scenarios on the national level and subsequent incorporation of these nationally simulated prices into the regional model. The regional model is applied to Washington State, one of the most trade dependent states of the U.S, the national model to the U.S. Data for the two identically structured models origin from the IMPLAN database which divides the U.S. and Washington economy into 509 industries. For both...

A multi-regional general equilibrium model to assess policy effects at regional level

Palavras-chave: Computable General equilibrium; Regional modelling; Trade liberalization; International Relations/Trade; C68; R13; F17.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9861

Lovo, Stefania; Magnani, Riccardo; Perali, Carlo Federico.

This paper develops a multi-regional general equilibrium model (MEG-R) to compare the social desirability of the CAP reform in the three Italian macro-regions: North, Center and South. The model employs a mixed complementary framework that allows for the decision of not producing a particular crop in one or more regions and presents an attempt to model interregional trade flows. The model incorporates the links between production and consumption that characterize farm household’s behavior and allows for heterogeneous household responses across regions. Results show a general tendency to reallocations from cereal crops to forage that appear more severe in the South. In this region, the reduction in crops cannot be translated into an effective expansion of...

Gender Needs Awareness and Gender Asymmetry: An Analysis of a Rural Women Survey in Mountainous Areas of South-eastern Spain

Palavras-chave: Multi-regional general equilibrium model; Farm households; Interregional trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; C68; R13; Q18.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98996

Calatrava-Requena, Javier; Samir, Sayadi.

Achieving gender symmetry in rural areas is an important target for the European Union. There is no shortage of talent, ideas and energy amongst women in rural areas, nor are there legal constraints. However, a range of cultural obstacles still stand in the way of their full participation in rural development (the persistence of traditional views about women's and men's roles in society, etc.) particularly in the Mediterranean areas. The integration of equal opportunities will no longer be a choice, but it will be an obligation in the design and implementation of rural development programmes and projects. Some European initiatives (NOW, EQUAL, LEADER, etc.) have already been taken to improve rural women's opportunities to participate more actively in...