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| Registros recuperados: 58 | |
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| Reij,Martine W.; van Schothorst,Michiel. |
| Although numerous papers on Microbiological Risk Assessment (MRA) of food products have been published, a number of issues related to it remain unresolved. This paper explains the role of Microbiological Risk Assessment in the context of Risk Analysis as outlined by Codex Alimentarius. It reviews some representative work in the area, with particular emphasis on the objectives, outputs and conclusions of the studies, and on how researchers propose using the resulting Risk Estimate for decision making. Several problems and sources of confusion concerning MRA are identified, such as terminology, the application of Risk Estimates to establish Food Safety Objectives and microbiological criteria for foods, lack of data, and the difference between Risk Assessment... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Risk assessment; Food microbiology; Microbial ecology; Codex Alimentarius. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822000000100002 |
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| Kujbida,Paula; Maia,Patrícia Penido; Araújo,Ariadne Naama de; Mendes,Leonardo Daniel; Oliveira,Mariana Lepri de; Silva-Rocha,Walicyranison Plinio; Brito,George Queiroz de; Chaves,Guilherme Maranhão; Martins,Isarita. |
| In the present study, the occurrence of fungi and aflatoxins (AFs) in peanut and cashew nut samples was investigated. Mycological analysis revealed the presence of fungi in 58.8% of samples, and assessment of AFs by chromatographic methods revealed that 52.9% were contaminated by AFs. AFB1 was the principal component in all AF-contaminated samples, with a mean level of 14.0, and 1.08 µg/kg in peanut and cashew nut, respectively. Eleven samples (32.4%) exceeded the total AF maximum level (4 μg/kg) and 8 samples (23.5%) exceeded the AFB1 (2 μg/kg) established by the European Commission. Our findings suggest that the incidence of AFs emphasizes the need for regular monitoring and a more stringent food safety system to control AFs at the lowest possible levels... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Aflatoxin; Peanut; Cashew nut; Fungi; Risk assessment. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502019000100502 |
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| Scorza Júnior,Rômulo Penna; Franco,André Andrade. |
| There has been an urgent need to assess pesticide environmental behavior under Brazilian field conditions and to evaluate the risks associated to its use in agriculture. Besides a qualitative and quantitative interpretation of field experiments to acquire understanding about pesticide environmental behaviour, field experiments are important to test pesticide fate models. Environmental behaviour of fipronil and sulfentrazone in a sugarcane area in Dourados, MS, was evaluated until 257 days after application. Moreover, the PEARL model was tested to simulate the fate of these two pesticides in the field. Soil samples for pesticide residue quantification and water content were taken at 0-10, 10-30, 30-50, 50-70 and 70-100 cm depth. There was a fast dissipation... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Leaching; Dissipation; PEARL; Risk assessment. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-70542014000500001 |
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| NAKANO,Viviane Emi; KUSSUMI,Tereza Atsuko; LEMES,Vera Regina Rossi; KIMURA,Iracema de Albuquerque; ROCHA,Sonia Bio; ALABURDA,Janete; OLIVEIRA,Maria Celeste Cardeal de; RIBEIRO,Reinaldo Amauri; FARIA,Ana Lúcia Rosa; WALDHELM,Kennia Cristian. |
| Pesticides in “PERA” orange samples (N = 57) from São Paulo City, Brazil were assessed and the pesticide intake contribution was estimated for chronic risk assessment. Seventy-six pesticides were evaluated by the gas chromatography multi-residue method, including isomers and metabolites (4.332 determinations). The mean recoveries at the limit of quantification level were in the range of 72-115% and the relative standard deviation for five replicate samples was 1-11%. The limits of detection and quantification ranged from 0.005 to 0.4 mg.kg−1 and from 0.01 to 0.8 mg.kg−1, respectively. Pesticides were found in 42.1% of the samples at levels ranging from 0.06 to 2.9 mg.kg−1. Of the contaminated samples, 3.5% contained residues (bifenthrin and clofentezine)... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Pesticide residues; Oranges; Public health; Risk assessment; Chromatography. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612016000100040 |
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| CAGRI-MEHMETOGLU,Arzu. |
| Abstract Consumer food safety concerns are continually increasing in Turkey, with consumer demand for safer foods becoming an important challenge for the industry. Most traditional foods in Turkey are produced under different requirements, and food safety risk management and risk assessment are conducted primarily by the government. Based on risk assessment, safety regulations and standards for traditional foods (e.g. Turkish white cheese, doner, helva) have been established. In this paper, safety concerns surrounding the commercialization of traditional Turkish foods and related studies to identify and minimize potential hazards are discussed along with pathogen contamination in raw meat balls and aflatoxin in helva and white cheese. Based on this... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Traditional foods; Safety; Risk assessment; Turkey. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612018000100001 |
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| Santos,Alini Cristini dos; Souza,Aline Amenencia de; Silva,Milena Veronezi; Nerilo,Samuel Botião; Souza,Alexandra Perdigão Maia de; Bando,Érika; Machinski Junior,Miguel. |
| ABSTRACT: Peanuts are a nutritious food consumed worldwide. Some species of the genus Aspergillus, producers of aflatoxins, colonize peanuts. Human exposure to aflatoxins occurs by ingesting contaminated foods. The objective of this paper was to assess the occurrence and dietary exposure of the population to aflatoxins in peanuts commercially available in Maringa, Brazil, from May 2013 to April 2017. A total of 104 peanut samples were evaluated by thin-layer chromatography and confirmed by derivatization with trifluoroacetic acid. The contamination rate detected was 24.0% in average concentration of 13.4µg/kg. Twenty positive samples (19.2%) exceeded the maximum level permitted in Brazil for the sum of four aflatoxins. Estimated probable daily intake was... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Aflatoxins; Aspergillus flavus; Peanuts; Risk assessment; Public health. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782018000600750 |
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| Peterle,Gabriela Pelizza; Hernandes,Karolina Cardoso; Schmidt,Luana; Maciel,Júlia Barreto Hoffmann; Zini,Claudia Alcaraz; Welke,Juliane Elisa. |
| ABSTRACT: The goals of this study were to verify the occurrence of furfuryl alcohol (FA) and carbonyl compounds (acetaldehyde, acrolein, ethyl carbamate (EC), formaldehyde and furfural) in sparkling wines and to evaluate, for the first time, whether the consumption of the samples under study could represent risk to consumers health. These compounds are electrophilic; and therefore, may covalently bind to DNA, which may result in mutagenicity. EC and formaldehyde were present at low levels (<1μg L-1) in all samples. Acetaldehyde, furfural and acrolein were also found in low levels (<1.5, 1.4 and 1.0μg L-1, respectively) in 57, 71 and 76% of samples. In the other samples, levels of acetaldehyde, furfural and acrolein ranged from 5.2 to 54.8, 10.5 to... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Risk assessment; Sparkling wine consumption; Carbonyl compounds; Furfuryl alcohol. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782019000300753 |
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| Aldama Aguilera, Cristóbal. |
| Dado que no existen plaguicidas registrados para el manejo fitosanitario de las plagas que afectan la producción de tuna, Opuntia ficus-indica (L) Miller 1768, se propusieron límites máximos de residuos (LMRs) de siete plaguicidas en esta fruta. En la evaluación del riesgo dietético crónico se estimaron los niveles de exposición con los métodos de Ingesta Diaria Teórica Máxima (IDTM) e Ingesta Diaria Estimada (IDE). En 2006, se realizaron dos aplicaciones de los plaguicidas malatión, clorpirifos, permetrina, diazinón y dimetoato a la dosis máxima recomendada en las etiquetas. A partir de la segunda aplicación, se realizaron muestreos a los 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 y 28 días después de la aplicación (DDA) y la determinación de sus residuos se hizo por... |
| Tipo: Tesis |
Palavras-chave: Evaluación del riesgo; Análisis de residuos de plaguicidas; Curvas de disipación; Intervalo precosecha; Doctorado; Entomología y Acarología; Risk assessment; Pesticide residue analysis; Decline curves; Preharvest intervals. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1378 |
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| Wade, Timothy G; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory; wade.timothy@epa.gov; Riitters, Kurt; U.S. Forest Service; kriitters@fs.fed.us; Wickham, James D; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory; wickham.james@epa.gov; Jones, K. Bruce; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory; jones.bruce@epa.gov. |
| Because human land uses tend to expand over time, forests that share a high proportion of their borders with anthropogenic uses are at higher risk of further degradation than forests that share a high proportion of their borders with non-forest, natural land cover (e.g., wetland). Using 1-km advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) satellite-based land cover, we present a method to separate forest fragmentation into natural and anthropogenic components, and report results for all inhabited continents summarized by World Wildlife Fund biomes. Globally, over half of the temperate broadleaf and mixed forest biome and nearly one quarter of the tropical rainforest biome have been fragmented or removed by humans, as opposed to only 4% of the boreal... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Forest fragmentation; Forest pattern; Global; Risk assessment; Targeting. |
| Ano: 2003 |
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| Luizza, Matthew W.; Colorado State University, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory; mwluizza@rams.colostate.edu; Wakie, Tewodros; Colorado State University, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory; tewodros.wakie@colostate.edu; Evangelista, Paul H.; Colorado State University, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory; paul.evangelista@colostate.edu; Jarnevich, Catherine S.; U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center; jarnevichc@usgs.gov. |
| The threats posed by invasive plants span ecosystems and economies worldwide. Local knowledge of biological invasions has proven beneficial for invasive species research, but to date no work has integrated this knowledge with species distribution modeling for invasion risk assessments. In this study, we integrated pastoral knowledge with Maxent modeling to assess the suitable habitat and potential impacts of invasive Cryptostegia grandiflora Robx. Ex R.Br. (rubber vine) in Ethiopia’s Afar region. We conducted focus groups with seven villages across the Amibara and Awash-Fentale districts. Pastoral knowledge revealed the growing threat of rubber vine, which to date has received limited attention in Ethiopia, and whose presence in Afar was... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Afar region; Citizen science; Cryptostegia grandiflora; Ethiopia; Invasive species; Local ecological knowledge; Maxent; Participatory mapping; Pastoral livelihoods; Risk assessment; Rubber vine; Species distribution modeling. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Dunham, Jason; University of Nevada-Reno; jdunham@proaxis.com; Peacock, Mary; University of Nevada-Reno; mpeacock@scs.unr.edu; Tracy, C. Richard; University of Nevada-Reno; dtracy@unr.edu; Nielsen, Jennifer; Stanford University; jnielsen@leland.stanford.edu; Vinyard, Gary; University of Nevada-Reno; gvinyard@med.unr.edu. |
| Risks of population extinction have been estimated using a variety of methods incorporating information from different spatial and temporal scales. We briefly consider how several broad classes of extinction risk assessments, including population viability analysis, incidence functions, and ranking methods integrate information on different temporal and spatial scales. In many circumstances, data from surveys of neutral genetic variability within, and among, populations can provide information useful for assessing extinction risk. Patterns of genetic variability resulting from past and present ecological and demographic events, can indicate risks of extinction that are otherwise difficult to infer from ecological and demographic analyses alone. We provide... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Extinction risk; Genetic variation; Incidence function analysis; Population viability analysis; Ranking methods; Risk assessment; Spatial scale; Temporal scale.. |
| Ano: 1999 |
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| Registros recuperados: 58 | |
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