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Registros recuperados: 42
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GM Foods in the UK between 1996 and 1999: Comments on "Genetically Modified Crops: Risks and Promise" by Gordon Conway Ecology and Society
Krebs, John R; Oxford University; john.krebs@zoo.ox.ac.uk.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: BSE; GM food; Consumer; Genetically modified crops; Risks.
Ano: 2000
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Participatory Vulnerability Assessment in the Context of Conservation and Development Projects: A Case Study of Local Communities in Southwest Cameroon Ecology and Society
van Vliet, Nathalie; Department of Geography and Geology, University of Copenhagen; vanvlietnathalie@yahoo.com.
People living in landscapes of high conservation value are trapped between their dependence on natural resources to meet their development aspirations and the international pressure to conserve those resources. Although it is increasingly recognized that the conservation of some natural resources cannot happen without providing alternative livelihood solutions for local communities dependent on them, global experiences illustrate that the successful integration of conservation and development continues to be elusive. We adapted the approach based on “participatory vulnerability assessments” developed for climate change research and applied it to changes occurring in a conservation and development context. As a case study, we focused...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Exposure; Integrated conservation and development; Participatory vulnerability assessment; Risks.
Ano: 2010
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The shellfish industry in France ArchiMer
Bonnet, Marc; Troadec, Jean-paul.
Bivalve farming is in France a major economical activity, which development was initiated in the mid of last century. It occupies nowadays 24 000 ha of seabottom, leased from the French State, and production figures are above 100 000 tonnes for cupped oyster and 40 000 tonnes for mussel ; these made a gross value of 1 300 millions francs in 1983. Moreover, it shows potential for promising development, by expanding to new areas, especialy in deep sea, or by introducing new species, such as the short neck clam, which production has just reached significant level (300 T in 1984). Long age and success of this cultivation activity come from the important advantages related to the biology and ecology of bivalves: food naturaly available, and of no use by another...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Research priorities; Contraints; Risks; France; Economic importance; Shellfish industry; Recherches prioritaires; Contrainte; Risques; France; Economie; Conchyliculture.
Ano: 1985 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/acte-6223.PDF
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Diseases in mollusc hatcheries and their paraedox in health management ArchiMer
Berthe, Franck.
Global molluscan aquaculture production is continuously increasing, dominated by five species, among which the Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas, predominates. Hatchery production is accompanying this increase to assist consistent availability of juveniles for restocking, fishery enhancement, genetic improvements as well as for species diversification. Hatchery development contributes significantly to the demand for international transfers of live molluscs; a consequence of which pathogen transfer via transfer of live molluscs is currently recognised as a major cause of epizootic disease outbreaks. Diseases are a primary constraint to mollusc aquaculture growth and sustainability, severely impacting socioeconomic development in many countries....
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mollusca; Crassostrea gigas; Risks; Mollusc culture; Husbandry diseases; Hatcheries; Disease control.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3289.pdf
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Oceans and Human Health: A Rising Tide of Challenges and Opportunities for Europe ArchiMer
Fleming, L.e.; Mcdonough, N.; Austen, M.; Mee, L.; Moore, Michael; Hess, Philipp; Depledge, M.h.; White, M.; Philippart, Katja; Bradbrook, P.; Smalley, A..
The European Marine Board recently published a position paper on linking oceans and human health as a strategic research priority for Europe. With this position paper as a reference, the March 2014 Cornwall Oceans and Human Health Workshop brought together key scientists, policy makers, funders, business, and non governmental organisations from Europe and the US to review the recent interdisciplinary and cutting edge research in oceans and human health specifically the growing evidence of the impacts of oceans and seas on human health and wellbeing (and the effects of humans on the oceans). These impacts are a complex mixture of negative influences (e.g. from climate change and extreme weather to harmful algal blooms and chemical pollution) and beneficial...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Harmful algal blooms; Microbial pollution; Anthropogenic chemicals; Marine biotechnology; Climate change; Ocean acidification; Fisheries; Aquaculture; Seafood; Blue carbon; Marine energy; Blue gym; Ocean literacy; Risks; Benefits; EU Policy.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00192/30328/29066.pdf
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Evaluación de corvina rubia (Micropogonias furnieri) en el área del Río de la Plata y Zona Común de Pesca argentino-uruguaya por medio de un modelo de dinámica de biomasa OceanDocs
Carozza, C.R.; Hernandez, D.R.; Perrotta, R.G..
Whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri)has a broad distribution along the Atlantic coast of the Americas, from Mexico to the south of the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. At the southern end of distribution, Argentina and Uruguay catch the species with different commercial fleet types bay or creek, coastal and off-shore and modalities of bottom trawling with doors and paired trawling. Maximum catches of both countries, that reached 60,000 t, were registered between 1995 and 1997. After that period a remarkable decrease was observed, specially in Argentina where catches remained at around 6,000 t over a total of 30,000 t for both countries. The commercial fleet was divided in three categories and the total area of study in three subareas: El Salado,...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Stock assessment; Catch/effort; Risks; Biomass; Depleted stocks; Mathematical models; Coastal fisheries; Commercial fishing; Stock assessment; Biomass; Mathematical models; Coastal fisheries; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24251; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_926; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24199; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1696.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1503
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Análisis de riesgo de inundación por tsunamis en el Golfo de Guayaquil OceanDocs
Arreaga Vargas, P.; Ortíz, M..
Se simula numéricamente un escenario sísmico-tsunamigénico frente a las costas del Golfo de Guayaquil para evaluar el riesgo de inundación por tsunamis en las zonas costeras bajas al interior del Golfo. La propagación del tsunami al interior del Golfo se simuló empleando la metodología del proyecto TIME (Tsunami Inundation Modeling for Exchange) de la Universidad de Tohoku. Los resultados de la simulación (alturas de inundación) fueron incorporados en los mapas urbanos de las ciudades para desarrollar los mapas de riesgo de inundación (los mapas urbanos no se presentan en este artículo).
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Tsunamis; Earthquakes; Flood forecasting; Risks; Earthquakes; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2440.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2237
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Evaluación pesquera del bacalao austral (Salilota australis) del Atlántico Sudoccidental OceanDocs
Wöhler, O.C.; Cassia, M.C.; Hansen, J.E..
Information about the austral cod Salilota australis caught in the Patagonian shelf including the area around Malvinas Islands (SW Atlantic)as well as some data from annual research surveys carried out as of 1992 to 1998 were analyzed. On this basis, the fishery was studied and the abundance of the stock inhabiting the area under Argentine control was estimated. To calculate the optimum yield as a function of both age-at-first catch and fishing mortality, the Yield-per-Recruit model was used. Some biological reference points were also identified and an exploitation strategy based on low risk of collapse recommended. Austral cod landings, although small, showed an increasing trend as of 1990 that reached a maximum of 14,900 tons in 1998. Most of the catches...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Stock assessment; Landing statistics; Fishing mortality; Fishing grounds; Risks; Demersal fisheries; Biomass; Stock assessment; Demersal fisheries; Biomass; Fishing grounds; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24251; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2173; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_926; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2947.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1866
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Sobre los conceptos de utilización de biomasa excedentes de merluza de cola Macruronus magellanicus bajo esquemas de administración pesquera basadas en F 0,1, y F 30. RDP. OceanDocs
Ehrhardt, N.M.; Legault, C.; Prenski, L.B..
In this work we present a process of risk analysis related to the adoption of a Total Allowable Catch (TAC)based in series of allowable biological catches which contain uncertainty derived of the recruitment patterns which characterize the stock. With the information obtained by the F0,1, and F30. RDP, the exploitation ratio and with the 500 values of the projected biomass of 1995 obtained by Monte Carlo simulation, we calculate the distribution of the allowable biological catches under a scheme of F0,1, and F30. RDP andfor a natural mortality of 0.38. The selected TAC is expected to beas closer as possible to the reference fishery mortality F0,1, and F30. RDP. As a result of the present risk analysis in this study in Macruronus magellanicus of the SW...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Fishery management; Risks; Biomass; Statistical analysis; Gadoid fisheries; Fishery management; Biomass; Statistical analysis; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24026; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_926; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7378.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1936
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Análisis de peligros y evaluación de riesgos en productos pesqueros sensíbles comercializados en el Uruguay OceanDocs
Bertullo, E..
Los productos pesqueros se han catalogado en general como alimentos sensibles desde el punto de vista del riesgo alimentario y dada la aparición de entidades mórbidas de origen pesquero que pueden definirse como “emergentes”, se ha considerado necesaria una actualización de la información científica disponible. Ello abarca los riesgos que para los consumidores nacionales pueden tener potencialmente un grupo de alimentos derivados de animales acuáticos, los cuales luego de acondicionados, elaborados o transformados tecnológicamente, empacados e identificados se vuelcan al mercado como productos pesqueros. Para ello, teniendo en cuenta las directrices en materia de análisis de riesgo y a la información disponible se efectuó este análisis descriptivo de la...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Health and safety; Risks; Processed fishery products.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1580
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Stock assessment of the bluemouth (Helicolenus dactylopterus) in Azorean waters during the 1990-2002 period, applying a biomass dynamic model OceanDocs
Perrotta, R.G.; Hernandez, D.R..
Bluemouth (Helicolenus dactylopterus), a benthic fish mostly inhabiting at depths between 500 m and 600 m, represents a highly valuable economic resource for local fishermen at the Azores Islands (NE Atlantic). Nominal catches of bluemouth increased from 1990 through 1994, and declined afterwards reaching in 1999 the lowest value recorded. Standardized catch per unit effort (CPUE) was used as an index for stock relative abundance; a General Linear Model, considering several factors that may have affected the fishing efficiency of commercial vessels, was run to obtain this CPUE index. These factors were: fleet type, year, month, and boat size; the last three factors were found to be statistically significant. A discrete version of the Schaefers Biomass...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Stock assessment; Catch/effort; Risks; Mathematical models; Stock assessment; Mathematical models; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24251; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24199.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1563
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Modelo Local de Producción Excedente para la determinación de la Captura Máxima Biológicamente Aceptable y análisis de riesgo de un recurso pesquero, con estimación bayesiana de los parámetros OceanDocs
Hernández, D.R.; Carozza, C.R..
The simple surplus production model introduced is called Local Surplus Production Model (LSPM) because its only assumption is that the mean surplus production remains constant during a short period of years previous to the date of assessment. Its application requires only a short series (3-4 years) of values of an abundance index proportional to the mean real abundance of the resource. The model parameters estimate is performed in a Bayesian context using the SIR (Sampling Importance Resampling Algorithm) algorithm. Simple risk criteria to assess the Maximum Biologically Acceptable Catch and the risks associated to each hypothetical catch level considered are proposed. Application of the model to the whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri) resource is...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Stock assessment; Statistical models; Risks; Coastal fisheries.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5486
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Riesgos ambientales en nuestros lugares de trabajo OceanDocs
Arreaga Vargas, P..
El presente documento describe de manera general los riesgos ambientales que se pueden producir en nuestros lugares de trabajo, como identificarlos, quienes lo hacen y cuales son los beneficios de conocerlos tanto para nuestras instituciones como para cada uno de nosotros como parte de dicha institución. El documento en si recoge las ideas del Boletín 16 DAPHNIA boletín informativo sobre prevención de la contaminación y producción más limpia, editada por el Departamento Condeferal de Ecología y Medio Ambiente de la Confederación Sindical de Comisiones Obreras (CC.OO).
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Risks; Environmental impact; Locations (working); Environmental impact; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24420.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2300
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Síntesis de las evaluaciones y sugerencias de manejo efectuadas sobre el recurso merluza (Merluccius hubbsi) entre el año 1986 y mayo de 1997. OceanDocs
Bezzi, S.I..
Hake (Merluccius hubbsi) stock assessments and management recommendations made as of 1986 for the Argentine Sea, are summarized. The surplus production models used allowed to diagnose an overdimensioned fleet and to establish that, as of 1983, population densities were lower than the optimum values. In 1990 it was mentioned that total landings exceeded the Maximum Sustainable Yield and that the fishing effort was above the optimum exploitation level. The Virtual Population Analysis was first applied in 1993 and, for the 1986-1991 period, a 25. increase in fishing mortality, significant reductions of total and reproductive biomasses and a first catch length of 25 cm were detected. Besides, proposals were made to enhance accuracy of future assessments. In...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Stock assessment; Fishery management; Yield; Overfishing; Risks; Stock assessment; Fishery management; Overfishing; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24251; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24026; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34068.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2533
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Evaluación de merluza de cola (Macruronus magellanicus) en el Atlántico Sudoccidental. Período 1985-2001 OceanDocs
Wöhler, O.C.; Hansen, J.E.; Giussi, A.R.; Cordo, H.D..
Period 1985-2001. A stock assessment of Patagonian hoki of the Southwest Atlantic was carried out by using data from the years 1985-2001. A cohort analysis, fitted with some survey abundance indices was used in an adaptive conceptual framework. Simulation trials were performed to project the evolution of the fishery, to evaluate the risk of over-fish the stock under different exploitation levels, and to estimate Biologically Acceptable Catches (BAC). Both total biomass and spawning stock biomass showed increasing trends resulting from four strong year classes (1993, 1995, 1996 and 1998). Total biomass at the beginning of 2001 was estimated to be 2.5 million tons, and spawning stock biomass at the spawning time (August) was estimated to be around 1.28...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Stock assessment; Fishery management; Biomass; Risks; Demersal fisheries; Stock assessment; Fishery management; Biomass; Demersal fisheries; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24251; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24026; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_926; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2173.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2525
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Evaluación del recurso abadejo y recomendaciones sobre su explotación a partir del año 2002 OceanDocs
Cordo, H.D..
Ling (Genypterus blacodes) resource was assessed by means of an age structured production model fitted with stock abundance indices from catch per unit effort data (CPUE) obtained from the commercial fishing fleet. Reproductive stock was assessed in the same way with CPUE data from the fishery research vessel. A short-term analysis of collapse risk as a function of 1999 and 2000 fishing mortalities was carried out with the results, and also a long-term analysis with the assumption of a variable fishing mortality (F) with two recruitment hypotheses. Results show that the present state of the Ling resource has worsened with respect to the last assessment. Considering the best of all cases, the Br/Kr relationship decreased from 0.55 to 0.33, indicating that...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Stock assessment; Catch/effort; Fishery management; Risks; Gadoid fisheries; Commercial fishing; Stock assessment; Fishery management; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24251; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24026.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2518
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Variación de lipoproteínas con cambios de temperatura en un grupo poblacional OceanDocs
Andrade, P.; Aguirre, F..
La variación interindividual de los niveles de lípidos en el transcurso de la vida del hombre, producto de disbalance entre el ingreso y eliminación de estos elementos contenidos en las dietas, han determinado que las enfermedades cardiovascular ocupen los primeros sitiales como causa de muerte a nivel mundial, sumados a otros factores de riesgo como el tabaquismo, alcoholismo y vida sedentaria. La demostración más conveniente ha sido, a facilidad de causar arterioesclerosis en las especies animales suministrando dietas ricas en grasas saturadas; igualmente la microscopía electrónica ha demostrado la presencia de vacuolas lipídicas en cortes de arterias coronarias en niños de corta edad. Se estudió en un grupo poblacional considerado sano, la variación del...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Lipoproteins; Chemical analysis; Air temperature; Risks; Lipoproteins; Air temperature; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4367; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_230.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3848
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AZ ÖKOMARKETING GYAKORLATI MEGVALÓSULÁSA AZ ÉLELMISZER-GAZDASÁGBAN AgEcon
Szolnoki Gyozone Karkus, Maria.
Az Európai Unióba való belépésünkkel a környezetvédelem, a fenntartható fejlődés minden területen nagyobb hangsúlyt kap. Különösen igaz ez az élelmi-szer-gazdaságra. Azok a kutatások is felértékelődhetnek ennek tükrében, ame-lyek a környezet-gazdaságtan különböző területein folynak. A szerző évek óta foglalkozik az ökomarketing elméleti és módszertani kérdéseivel, kutatásának eredményeit kétrészes tanulmányban adja közre. A tanulmány első részében arra vállalkozott, hogy a nemzetközi szakiroda-lom alapján bemutassa az ökomarketing kutatás főbb állomásait, új irányzatait. A szerző tanulmánya két célt tűzött maga elé. Először azt kívánja bizonyítani, hogy az élelmiszer-gazdaság mind inputjai, mind outputjai oldaláról tekintve környezeti szempontból...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Fenntartható marketing; Élelmiszer-gazdaság; Környezetbarát gazdálkodás; Kockázat; Jövedelemtermelő-képesség - sustainable marketing; Food economy; Environmentally friend farming; Risks; Income producing capability; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Marketing.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54333
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AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY: FARM-LEVEL, MARKET, AND POLICY CONSIDERATIONS AgEcon
Van der Sluis, Evert; Diersen, Matthew A.; Dobbs, Thomas L..
This study provides an overview of the economic costs, benefits, and risks involved with agricultural biotechnology at the farm level, at the market level, and for the farm and food system as a whole. Both advantages and disadvantages of agricultural biotechnology are discussed. Among the drivers of U.S. domestic and international consumer demand for transgenic crop products discussed are environmental and food safety concerns. A comparison is made between a "science-based" regulatory framework and a policy based on the precautionary principle. The authors argue that open dialogue is needed for achieving improved public understanding of agricultural biotechnology, and that analyses need to go beyond discussing the scientific merits of biotechnology, to...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Acceptance; Agricultural biotechnology; Benefits; Costs; Public dialogue; Risks; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14654
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PROCUREMENT RISKS AND STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE QUALITY CONSISTENCY IN WHEAT SHIPMENTS AgEcon
Wilson, William W.; Dahl, Bruce L..
Consistency of functional characteristics in wheat is a concern confronting buyers and sellers. This research analyzes the cost and risk of different procurement strategies for importers. A stochastic simulation model is used to determine the probability of a functional characteristic being satisfied subject to quality targets and costs for alternative purchase strategies (purchase by protein only, variety, location, variety by location, or functional tests). Joint probabilities of meeting specifications and costs were determined for the alternative purchase strategies. Stochastic dominance was used to determine which purchase strategies dominate others, and stochastic efficiency was utilized to determine the degree of preference. Results indicate...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Buying Strategies; Location; Variety; Functional Characteristic Tests; Costs; Risks; Simulation; Stochastic Dominance; Crop Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23498
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