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Registros recuperados: 11
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Road Development, Economic Growth, and Poverty Reduction in China AgEcon
Fan, Shenggen; Chan-Kang, Connie.
In 1978, China initiated its economic and agricultural policy reforms. The ensuing rapid economic growth led to transportation shortages and congestion problems and increased the demand for roads. Since 1985 the government has given high priority to road development, particularly the construction of high-quality roads such as highways and freeways. While the construction of high-quality roads has taken place at a remarkably rapid pace, the construction of lower-quality and mostly rural roads has been slow. This study evaluates the contribution of roads to economic growth and poverty reduction in China. It disaggregates road infrastructure into different classes of roads to account for quality, and then estimates the impact of road investments on overall...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Roads; Economic aspects; China Infrastructure (Economics); Government policy; Rural poor; 1976–2000; China; Economic policy; 2000 conditions; Regional disparities; Economic conditions; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Public Economics.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37892
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Linkages between government spending, growth, and poverty in rural India AgEcon
Fan, Shenggen; Hazell, Peter B.R.; Thorat, Sukhadeo.
This research report on India addresses an important policy issue faced by policymakers in many developing countries: how to allocate public funds more efficiently in order to achieve both growth and poverty-reduction goals in rural areas. This research is particularly important at a time when many developing countries are undergoing substantial budget cuts as part of macroeconomic reforms and adjustment. The econometric model employed in this research includes a broad range of government expenditure items. It traces their effects on productivity growth and poverty alleviation and ranks them, exploring the potential trade-offs and complementarities of the two goals. Of the various investments weighed, the report finds that investments in rural roads and...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Rural poor; India; Domestic Economic assistance; Public investments; Government spending policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37898
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Sources of Income Inequality and Poverty in Rural Pakistan AgEcon
Adams, Richard H., Jr.; He, Jane J..
Throughout the developing world, policy makers are interested in devising new strategies for improving income distribution and reducing poverty. In large part, the choice of such strategies depends on an improved understanding of the sources of income inequality. Why do certain types of incomes go to different set of people? And what roles do variables such as education and migration play in improving income distribution and in lifting people out of poverty? This work attempts to answer these questions for rural Pakistan by analyzing a three-year panel data set collected in collaboration with four research institutes in Pakistan. This extensive series of household interviews enables the authors to examines many dynamic income-related issues that cannot...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Income distribution; Pakistan; Rural poor; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1995 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37909
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PROGRESA and Its Impacts on the Welfare of Rural Households in Mexico AgEcon
Skoufias, Emmanuel.
In the second half of the twentieth century, many developing countries adopted broad social assistance programs, like food subsidies, ostensibly designed to help poor people. Their effectiveness was mixed and, unfortunately, many of these expensive programs did not make much difference in the lives of poor people, much less help them climb permanently out of poverty. In the 1990s Mexico took a completely new approach. It launched a social program— PROGRESA—that was revolutionary in two ways. First, PROGRESA aimed to integrate interventions in health, education, and nutrition simultaneously, based on an understanding that these dimensions of human welfare are interdependent and that poor health, education, and nutrition are both causes and consequences of...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Rural poor; Government policy; Programa de Educación; Salud y Alimentación (Mexico City; Mexico); Evaluation; Poverty; Government policy; Mexico; Social policy; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37891
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Credit for Alleviation of Rural Poverty: The Grameen Bank in Bangladesh AgEcon
Hossain, Mahabub.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Grameen Bank; Rural poor; Bangladesh; Small business; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1988 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44445
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Farm Productivity and Rural Poverty in India AgEcon
Datt, Gaurav; Ravallion, Martin.
To what extent do India’s rural poor share in agricultural growth? Combining data from 24 household sample surveys spanning 35 years with other sources, we estimate a model of the joint determination of consumption-poverty measures, agricultural wages, and food prices. We find that higher farm productivity brought both absolute and relative gains to poor rural households. A large share of the gains were via wages and prices, though these effects took time. The benefits to the poor were not confined to those near the poverty line.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Farm income; India; Rural poor; Prices; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97041
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Global Markets and Rural Poverty: Do the Rural Poor Gain or Lose from Globalization? AgEcon
Thomas, Clive Y.; Davis, Carlton George.
The paper advances the view that if global markets "worked" as theory suggests, then the answer to the question posed would be in the affirmative. Six reasons are given why this does not occur, namely: (1) the prevalence of trade manipulation; (2) the nature of markets in poor countries; (3) exceptions to neoclassical efficient market theory; (4) theoretical and empirical inconclusiveness regarding the relation between open trade policies and growth; (5) income inequality; and (6) the institutional framework of global trade. Trade in food and the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) for food security and poverty reduction illustrate the arguments and the paper concludes with some recommendations.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Globalization; Market and/or policy failure; Millennium Development Goals (MDG); Neoclassical economics market efficiency theory; Poverty and food insecurity; Rent seeking behavior; Rural poor; Special and differential treatment; WTO Agreement on Agriculture (AOA); Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15713
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The effects of international remittances on poverty, inequalities, and development in rural Egypt AgEcon
Adams, Richard H., Jr..
Many low-income people, especially those from poor rural areas, seek to improve their lives by immigrating in search of work and income, increasingly moving across national borders and further afield. In recent years, the remittances they earn have come to have an important effect on the economies of many developing countries, profoundly affecting poverty, income distribution, and rural economic development in the villages from which the migrated. The results of this study compliment the findings of other IFPRI studies on poverty alleviation, income sources, and rural development. The study uses primary household data from small area of rural Egypt in a innovative way to address such vital questions as who immigrates, how remittances affect poverty and...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Rural development; Egypt; Finance; Emigrant remittances; Rural poor; Income distribution; Alien labor; Egyptian; Economic conditions; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1991 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42132
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Poverty, Household Food Security, and Nutrition in Rural Pakistan AgEcon
Alderman, Harold; Garcia, Marito.
Designing strategies and policies that will alleviate poverty and improve household food security and nutritional well being is one of the most important challenges facing government policymakers in developing countries. The choice of strategies and policies depends in large part on understanding the dynamics of poverty, especially the mechanisms by which households acquire and spend income and cope with cries such as poor harvest or loss of employment. This work by Harold Alderman and Marito Gracia represents IFPRI's first comprehensive analysis of the longitudinal data on 800 households collected between 1986 and 1989 in Pakistan. This unique data set enables researchers to examine the temporal dimensions of food security, income and labor dynamics,...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Nutrition; Pakistan; Rural poor; Health behavior; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1993 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37963
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Credit for Alleviation of Rural Poverty: The Grameen Bank in Bangladesh AgEcon
Hossain, Mahabub.
There is a growing recognition that institutional credit plays an important role in the modernization of agriculture through technological change. It is clear that as those processes of modernization occur, incomes rise and expenditures on locally produced goods and services expand in such a manner as to increase the demand for labor and labor-intensive entrepreneurial activities. The question then arises as to what extent institutional credit can be offered to very poor people to facilitate their taking direct advantage of the developing entrepreneurial activities. Perhaps the most widely admired effort to answer this question is that of the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh. One of the commendable features of the Grameen Bank is its desire to have its...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Grameen Bank; Rural poor; Bangladesh; Small business; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1988 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42590
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The Case of Smallholder Dairying in Eastern Africa AgEcon
Ngigi, Margaret.
Agriculture plays a crucial role in the economy of sub-Saharan Africa. A feature of particular significance about the region is that the majority of households are heavily dependent on agriculture as their major source of livelihood. Smallholder agriculture is the principal producer of staple foods and cash crops, accounting for very large shares of national production and marketed output. For the respective countries, therefore, the performance of smallholder agriculture has crucial implications for the overall economic development process including the alleviation of rural poverty. The demands created by steadily increasing populations, and the pressing need to increase agricultural productivity means that these countries must continuously adopt methods...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Dairying; East Africa; Uganda; Kenya; Livestock; Smallholders; Poverty alleviation; Population growth; Agricultural productivity; Small farmers; Rural poor; Livestock Production/Industries; Q1; Q15.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59246
Registros recuperados: 11
Primeira ... 1 ... Última
 

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