SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Pinkerton, Evelyn; Simon Fraser University; evelyn_pinkerton@sfu.ca.

Ten years of research and efforts to implement co-management in British Columbia fisheries have demonstrated that we lack neither good models nor the political will in communities to design and test local and regional institutions for successful involvement in various aspects of management. The barriers lie rather in the distrust and resistance of management agencies and the lack of broadly organized political support. The nature of the barriers and some of the elements of a successful approach to overcoming them are identified and discussed. The analysis is focused around the barriers encountered by two differently situated fishing communities or regions that have launched conservation initiatives through cooperation between local aboriginal and...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Aboriginal-nonaboriginal partnerships; Adaptive management; Bottom-up approach; British Columbia; Co-management; Community-based management; Fisheries; Institutional barriers; Onorhynchus spp.; Salmon; Selective fishing; Stewardship..

Ano: 1999

Respect for Grizzly Bears: an Aboriginal Approach for Co-existence and Resilience

Clark, Douglas A; Wilfrid Laurier University; University of Alberta; Yukon College; Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies; dclark@yukoncollege.yk.ca; Slocombe, D. Scott; Wilfrid Laurier University; sslocomb@wlu.ca.

Aboriginal peoples’ respect for grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) is widely acknowledged, but rarely explored, in wildlife management discourse in northern Canada. Practices of respect expressed toward bears were observed and grouped into four categories: terminology, stories, reciprocity, and ritual. In the southwest Yukon, practices in all four categories form a coherent qualitative resource management system that may enhance the resilience of the bear-human system as a whole. This system also demonstrates the possibility of a previously unrecognized human role in maintaining productive riparian ecosystems and salmon runs, potentially providing a range of valued social-ecological outcomes. Practices of respect hold promise for new strategies to...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Bear ceremonialism; Champagne and Aishihik First Nations; Inuit; Inuvialuit; Northwest Territories; Nunavut; Resilience; Salmon; Social-ecological system; Southern Tutchone; Traditional ecological knowledge; Ursus arctos; Yukon.

Ano: 2009

Grizzly bear monitoring by the Heiltsuk people as a crucible for First Nation conservation practice

Housty, William G.; Coastwatch Director, QQS Projects Society; william.housty@gmail.com; Noson, Anna; Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana;; Scoville, Gerald W.; Department of Biological Sciences, Central Washington University;; Boulanger, John; Integrated Ecological Research;; Jeo, Richard M.; The Nature Conservancy; rjeo@tnc.org; Darimont, Chris T.; Department of Geography, University of Victoria; Raincoast Conservation Foundation;; Filardi, Christopher E.; Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, American Museum of Natural History ; filardi@amnh.org.

Guided by deeply held cultural values, First Nations in Canada are rapidly regaining legal authority to manage natural resources. We present a research collaboration among academics, tribal government, provincial and federal government, resource managers, conservation practitioners, and community leaders supporting First Nation resource authority and stewardship. First, we present results from a molecular genetics study of grizzly bears inhabiting an important conservation area within the territory of the Heiltsuk First Nation in coastal British Columbia. Noninvasive hair sampling occurred between 2006 and 2009 in the Koeye watershed, a stronghold for grizzly bears, salmon, and Heiltsuk people. Molecular demographic analyses revealed a regionally...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Bear population monitoring; British Columbia; Conservation; First Nations science; Grizzly bear; Noninvasive mark-recapture; Salmon; Social and ecological resilience; Traditional stewardship; Values.

Ano: 2014

Local and regional strategies for rebuilding fisheries management institutions in coastal British Columbia: what components of comanagement are most critical?

Pinkerton, Evelyn; Simon Fraser University; evelyn_pinkerton@sfu.ca; Angel, Eric; Simon Fraser University; eangel@sfu.ca; Ladell, Neil; Simon Fraser University; nladell@sfu.ca; Williams, Percy; Gwayasdums, BC; gwayasdums@hotmail.com; Nicolson, Midori; Land & Marine Resources Director, Dzawadaenuxw First Nation; midorin@telus.net; Thorkelson, Joy; United Fishermen and Allied Workers Union-UNIFOR; ufawupr@citytel.net; Clifton, Henry; Native Brotherhood of British Columbia; buddy_65@hotmail.com.

Aboriginal and nonaboriginal fishing-dependent communities on the coast of British Columbia, Canada, having lost traditional fisheries management institutions along with significant fishing opportunity, are in the process of rebuilding local and regional institutions to allow their survival. Sometimes, the rebuilding effort involves the creation of largely new institutions. It can also involve the reactivation, reinvention, or repositioning of older ones. We consider the aspirations, strategies, and activities of organizations in two regions of the coast involved in two different fisheries: salmon on the north coast and intertidal clams in the Broughton Archipelago. We analyze what the two regions have in common, as well as their differences, to generate...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Clams; Fisheries comanagement; Necessary conditions; Regional institutions; Salmon.

Ano: 2014

Culturally significant fisheries: keystones for management of freshwater social-ecological systems

Noble, Mae; Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University; mae.noble@anu.edu.au; Duncan, Phil; Gamilaroi Traditional Owner, NSW Aboriginal Land Council; phil.duncan@alc.org.au; Perry, Darren; Murray Lower Darling Rivers Indigenous Nations; ngintait@gmail.com; Prosper, Kerry; Paq'tnekek Mi'kmaq First Nations; kerryp@paqtnkek.ca; Rose, Denis; Gunditj Mirring Traditional Owners Aboriginal Corporation; Denis@gunditjmirring.com; Schnierer, Stephan; School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University; stephan.schnierer@scu.edu.au; Tipa, Gail; Tipa and Associates Ltd.; gttipa@vodafone.co.nz; Williams, Erica; National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research; Erica.Williams@niwa.co.nz; Woods, Rene; National Cultural Flows Program; Murray Lower Darling River Indigenous Nations; woodsre83@gmail.com; Pittock, Jamie; Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University; jamie.pittock@anu.edu.au.

Indigenous peoples of North America, Australia, and New Zealand have a long tradition of harvesting freshwater animals. Over generations of reliance and subsistence harvesting, Indigenous peoples have acquired a profound understanding of these freshwater animals and ecosystems that have become embedded within their cultural identity. We have identified trans-Pacific parallels in the cultural significance of several freshwater animal groups, such as eels, other finfish, bivalves, and crayfish, to Indigenous peoples and their understanding and respect for the freshwater ecosystems on which their community survival depends. In recognizing such cultural connections, we found that non-Indigenous peoples can appreciate the deep significance of freshwater animals...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis

Palavras-chave: Adaptive freshwater management; Aquatic resources; Bivalve; Comanagement; Crayfish; Cultural keystone species; Eel; Indigenous ecological knowledge; Indigenous water rights; Lamprey; Salmon; Social-ecological resilience.

Ano: 2016

Robustness or resilience? Managing the intersection of ecology and engineering in an urban Alaskan fishery

Krupa, Meagan B.; Alaska Pacific University; mkrupa@alaskapacific.edu; Chapin, III, F. Stuart; University of Alaska Fairbanks ; terry.chapin@alaska.edu; Lovecraft, Amy L.; University of Alaska Fairbanks; allovecraft@alaska.edu.

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Hatchery; Robustness theory; Salmon; Social-ecological systems; Stream management; Urban fishery.

Ano: 2014

The Social Construction of Fishing, 1949

Finley, Carmel; Department of History, Oregon State University; carmel.finley@oregonstate.edu.

The theoretical construction known as maximum sustained yield (MSY) exists in three realms: as science, as policy, and as a legal concept. Despite substantial criticism by scientists and economists, MSY remains at the heart of fisheries science and fisheries management. This paper suggests that its institutional resilience springs more from its policy and legal roles than from its scientific strength. Maximum sustained yield was adopted as the goal of American fisheries policy in 1949. Between 1949 and 1955, the State Department pushed for its adoption internationally. In this paper, I first look briefly at the relationship between fishing and foreign policy goals during this period. Second, I look at how fishing was understood during 1949, when the...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article

Palavras-chave: Fisheries history; Fisheries management; Milner B. Schaefer; Salmon; Surplus production theory; Wilbert M. Chapman; William C. Herrington.

Ano: 2009

Archaeological Evidence for Resilience of Pacific Northwest Salmon Populations and the Socioecological System over the last ~7,500 years

Campbell, Sarah K.; Department of Anthropology, Western Washington University; Sarah.Campbell@wwu.edu; Butler, Virginia L.; Department of Anthropology, Portland State University; butlerv@pdx.edu.

Archaeological data on the long history of interaction between indigenous people and salmon have rarely been applied to conservation management. When joined with ethnohistoric records, archaeology provides an alternative conceptual view of the potential for sustainable harvests and can suggest possible social mechanisms for managing human behavior. Review of the ~7,500-year-long fish bone record from two subregions of the Pacific Northwest shows remarkable stability in salmon use. As major changes in the ecological and social system occurred over this lengthy period, persistence in the fishery is not due simply to a lack of perturbation, but rather indicates resilience in the ecological–human system. Of several factors possibly...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Indigenous resource management; Pacific Northwest; Salmon; Sustainable harvests; Zooarchaeology.

Ano: 2010

Institutions for Managing Resilient Salmon (Oncorhynchus Spp.) Ecosystems: the Role of Incentives and Transaction Costs

Hanna, Susan S; Oregon State University; susan.hanna@oregonstate.edu.

Institutions are the mechanisms that integrate the human and ecological spheres. This paper discusses the institutional challenge of integrating salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) ecosystems and human systems in ways that effectively promote resilience. Salmon recovery in the Columbia River Basin demonstrates the challenge. Despite the comprehensive scope of Basin salmon management, it has a number of problems that illustrate the difficulties of designing institutions for ecosystem and human system resilience. The critical elements of salmon ecosystem management are incentives and transaction costs, and these comprise a large piece of missing institutional infrastructure. Once the focus is placed on incentives and costs, a number of different management strategies...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis

Palavras-chave: Columbia River Basin; Ecosystems; Human systems; Incentives; Institutions; Resilience; Salmon; Transaction costs.

Ano: 2008

POST - the Pacific Ocean salmon tracking project

The effects of superchilled storage at - 2 degrees C on the microbiological and organoleptic properties of cold-smoked salmon before retail Display

Welch, Dw; Boehlert, Gw; Ward, Br.

For most of history, the ocean has remained nearly opaque to study, and it has been difficult to understand where salmon or other marine animals go or how they use the ocean. This greatly limits the ability of oceanographers and fisheries biologists to improve the management of many marine resources. The technical and scientific basis now exists to track the ocean movements of individual marine fish for months or years at a time. In this article, we review how new technologies might be applied to salmon in particular. Our conclusion is that animals as small as juvenile Pacific salmon can be followed for months to years at sea, and thus over great distances. By identifying the migration pathways for individual salmon and specific populations of Pacific...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Salmon; Archival tags; Acoustic tags; Biotelemetry; Migration.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00322/43307/42967.pdf

Beaufort, Annie; Cardinal, Mireille; Le-bail, Alain; Midelet-bourdin, Graziella.

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of superchilling (-2 degrees C) on the evolution of Listeria monocytogenes and organoleptic characteristics of cold-smoked salmon samples. An Hadamard matrix experimental design was carried out on artificially inoculated samples stored at +4 degrees C for 10 d and at +8 degrees C for 18 d to know the influence of four factors: salt content, strain, cold stiffening and superchilling time, on the level of L.monocytogenes in cold-smoked salmon. The growth of L. monocytogenes in naturally contaminated cold-smoked salmon and the organoleptic properties were investigated under superchilling conditions. Superchilling (-2 degrees C for 28 d) had a limited impact on some of the organoleptic properties but the...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Quality; Refrigerated storage; Review; Smoking; Salmon; Microbiologie; Qualité; Entreposage frigorifique; Synthèse; Fumaison; Saumon.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-7436.pdf

Selection of non-tyramine producing Carnobacterium strains for the biopreservation of cold-smoked salmon

Brillet-viel, Anne; Matamoros, Sebastien; Blanchet-chevrollier, Christine; Leroi, Francoise; Prevost, Hervé; Pilet, Marie-france.

In this study, we have screened a colLection of Carnobacterium strains that could be used for biopreservation in order to find a natural tyramine negative strain. This screening was performed using the detection of a part of the tyrosine decarboxylase gene by PCR test. On 35 strains of Carnobacterium tested, all showed the presence of the tdc gene suggesting that they all produce tyramine. This was assessed by the quantification of tyramine production for 10 strains. In a second part, a mutation procedure using ethyl methyl sulfonate was used to select a tyramine negative mutant of Carnobacterium divergens V41 that 1S a good candidate for biopreservation applications. A mutant strain called C. divergens V41A8 was selected and characterized. The mutant was...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Salmon; Carnobacterium; Biopreservation.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00007/11824/8574.pdf

The future is now: marine aquaculture in the anthropocene

Pernet, Fabrice; Browman, Howard I.

Aquaculture now produces more seafood than wild capture fisheries and this production is expected to at least double by 2050. Representing almost half of global production, marine aquaculture will contribute to sustainably feeding the growing humanity. However, climate change will undoubtedly challenge the future growth of marine aquaculture. Temperature and sea-level rise, shifts in precipitation, freshening from glacier melt, changing ocean productivity, and circulation patterns, increasing occurrence of extreme climatic events, eutrophication, and ocean acidification are all stressors that will influence marine aquaculture. The objective of this themed article set was to bring together contributions on the broad theme of the potential impacts,...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Bivalve; Blue economy; Carbon; Climate change; Marine diseases; Mitigation; Ocean acidification; Plasticity; Salmon; Seaweed; Sustainability.

Ano: 2021

URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00682/79406/81951.pdf

HISTOLOGY OF THE JAW DEFORMATION IN SALMON OF SOUTHERN CHILE

International Journal of Morphology

Venegas,Felipe; Montiel,Enrique; Forno,Pablo; Rojas,Mariana.

In adult salmon of the sea centres in southern Chile, a jaw deformation (JD) has been identified. It affects the dental and hyomandibular bones, which bend ventrally up to 90° of their normal position. The deformation affects also the dental articular bone. This pathology is related to weight loss and increased mortality of the salmons. It was empirically postulated that a probable cause for this anomaly was food from vegetal origin in the diet of the fishes (which are carnivores) Therefore, the present work aims at comparing the biostructure of jaw bone of salmons fed either with vegetal (soja and gluten) formulation or animal formulation, mostly fish powder. Fifty specimens were analyzed from Puerto Montt, 35 having JD and 15 normal control....

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Jaw; Jaw deformation; Histology; Salmon; Salmo salar.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022003000300005

Vertebral Column Deformity and Hypoxia in Salmo salar

International Journal of Morphology

Castro Sánchez,Rodrigo; Bustos Obregón,Eduardo; Rojas Rauco,Mariana.

Vertebral Column Deformity (VCD) is a common pathology in Chilean salmon farms, lowering the quality and commercialization of the product. Hypoxia has been related to other musculoskeletal deformities, but not to VCD. This work analyzes the morphology of the vertebral column of Salmo salar alevins, cultured under hypoxic conditions (60% O2 saturation in the water tanks) for different time periods after hatching (2, 4, 6 and 8 days). They are compared with their normoxic controls (100% O2 saturation). Using histological (H/E), and morphometric techniques, it was found that the time of exposure to hypoxia is inversely proportional to the body length, notochordal diameter and thickness of its sheath. The organic response to hypoxia was quantified by...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Vertebral Column; Deformity; Hypoxia; Salmon.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022011000400036

Has Country of Origin Labeling Influenced Salmon Consumption?

Modelling Risks in the Salmon Industry and Markets

Wozniak, Shawn J..

Country-of-Origin Labeling (COOL) legislation for fish and shellfish was passed as part of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002. Farm-raised and wild-caught seafood items caught after December 4, 2004, began COOL in April 4, 2005. COOL requires retailers to display the country of origin on seafood. Using a nonlinear AIDS model the demand for 3 salmon products was estimate--precooked, uncooked fresh, and uncooked frozen. COOL had no significant impact on consumer demand for the three products. The 3 salmon products were all found to be inelastic, but uncooked fresh was found to be more price sensitive than precooked and uncooked frozen salmon.

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Salmon; COOL; Country of origin; AIDS; Nonlinear; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56460

Asheim, Leif Jarle; Lien, Gudbrand D.; Richardson, James W.; Tveteras, Ragnar; Veggeland, Frode.

The paper proposes developing a trade model for salmon to assist in discussions and negotiations of current international salmon trade issues and major risk problems facing the salmon industry. Two modeling approaches are discussed: 1) developing a traditional equilibrium trade programming model designed to maximize total welfare across all model regions by solving for a medium-term price that balances the amount of salmon supplied by the world region to the among processed and consumed by this region; and 2) developing an econometric stochastic simulation model based on linear or non-linear equations. Some disadvantages and weaknesses of the programming model are discussed, whereas the econometric model needs further exploration and consideration. The...

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Risks; Salmon; Programming model; Econometric model; International trade; Livestock Production/Industries; C60; C50.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56000

Buyer and Seller Responses to an Adverse Food Safety Event: The Case of Frozen Salmon in Alberta

Maynard, Leigh J.; Saghaian, Sayed H.; Nickoloff, Megan.

Fish is a low-fat protein source high in omega-3 fatty acids, but in 2004 consumers also heard that farmed salmon had high levels of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs). This research evaluated how Canadian consumers and processors reacted to the conflicting health messages. Demand estimates and time-series analysis of 2001-2006 frozen meat scanner data in Alberta, Canada show a significant drop in salmon expenditure share following the PCB finding. The industry responded by launching low-priced wild salmon products, which contributed to significant demand expansion. The analysis illustrates how a food safety threat was averted and even served as a catalyst for growth.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Salmon; Scanner data; Food safety; Demand; Directed acyclic graphs; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q10; Q11; Q16; Q22.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53629

Measuring Market Power in the UK Retail Salmon Industry