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Sediment damage caused by gas exsolution: a key mechanism for mud volcano formation ArchiMer
Blouin, Arthur; Sultan, Nabil; Callot, Jean-paul; Imbert, Patrice.
Gassy sediments are common in marine environments and are characterized by a specific mechanical behavior significantly different from that of water-saturated sediments. It is shown that gas causes damage and initiates fractures in sediments. To define the controlling parameters dominating the damage process during gas exsolution and its consequences in terms of hydro-mechanical behavior, we developed a specific consolidation apparatus to test sediments collected from the active Absheron Mud Volcano. Indeed, mud volcano formation is initiated by gas exsolution and subsequent mud generation at depth from stratified sediments. Gas was generated in the samples by circulating carbonated water through the fine-grained sediments, then decreasing the total...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Consolidation testing; Gas exsolution; Gassy sediments; Sediment damage; Mud volcano.
Ano: 2019 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00588/70043/67974.pdf
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Temporal and Spatial Evaluation of Soil Conservation Policies AgEcon
Lakshminarayan, P.G.; Babcock, Bruce A..
This paper presents estimates of the benefits and costs of alternative soil conservation policies in a spatially and temporally consistent framework. The policies considered are implementation of soil conservation practices with an objective of reducing erosion to a site's tolerance level and a policy with an objective of a voluntary 50% reduction in conventional tillage. Costs and erosion benefits of these two policies are compared with that obtained from CRP. The changes in erosion and cost are estimated relative to 1992 levels. The analysis is conducted on every NRI point in a 12-state region in the north central United States. Erosion metamodels estimated using site-specific resource, production, topography, and weather data make such an endeavor...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Conservation compliance; Conservation tillage; CRP; Metamodels; Sediment damage; Soil erosion; Soil loss tolerance; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18477
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