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Mixed-species schooling behavior and protective mimicry involving coral reef fish from the genus Haemulon (Haemulidae) Neotropical Ichthyology
Pereira,Pedro Henrique Cipresso; Feitosa,João Lucas Leão; Ferreira,Beatrice Padovani.
The present study analyzed heterotypic schooling behavior and protective mimicry relationships involving species of the genus Haemulon and other coral reef fishes on coastal reefs at Tamandaré, Pernambuco State, Northeastern Brazil. The work was performed during 35 hours of direct observation using the "focal animal" method. The observed events involved 14 species of reef fish in eight different families. The phenomenon of mixed schooling appeared to be related to the large number of individuals of the genus Haemulon present in reef environments and to the tendency of individuals with limited populations to try to aggregate in schools (e.g. genus Scarus).
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Grunts; Heterotypic schooling; Social mimicry; Western Atlantic.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252011000400005
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The association of the goatfish mulloidichthys martinicus with the grunt haemulon chrysargyreum: an example of protective mimicry Biota Neotropica
Krajewski,João Paulo; Bonaldo,Roberta Martini; Sazima,Cristina; Sazima,Ivan.
A presumed example of protective mimicry between the yellow goatfish, Mulloidichthys martinicus (Mullidae) and the smallmouth grunt, Haemulon chrysargyreum (Haemulidae) is described from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, NE Brazil. The goatfish and the grunt share a similar overall shape and colour pattern. We found that these two species regularly form mixed schools around reefs. Additionally, when chased small groups of yellow goatfish join schools of smallmouth grunts and behave like them. The colour and shape resemblances between the two species enable their mixed schooling, and enhance the protection against visually oriented predators for both of them. Thus, we suggest that the protective association herein reported for the goatfish and the grunt may...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Protective mimicry; Social mimicry; Mixed schooling; Mulloidichthys martinicus; Haemulon chrysargyreum.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032004000200016
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