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Evaluation of the ecological function of amphitoxin in the reef-dwelling sponge Callyspongia (Euplacella) biru (Haplosclerida: Callyspongiidae) at southwest Sulawesi, Indonesia Naturalis
Voogd, N.J. de; Haftka, J.J.H.; Hoeksema, B.W..
The ecological function of the secondary metabolite amphitoxin produced by Callyspongia (Euplacella) biru is evaluated by a forced confrontation with the free-living scleractinian coral Fungia fungites at different exposure times. Our major goal was to determine whether such a forced confrontation with a spatial com­petitor would cause a significant change in the concentration of amphitoxin in the sponge tissue, indicating a regulatory mechanism of amphitoxin production. Firstly, the concentrations of amphitoxin of sponge fragments submitted to forced confrontation with a mushroom coral did not differ between the exposure times. Secondly, all sponge fragments, including the controls had a consistently lower amphitoxin concentration during the course of the...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Amphitoxin; Callyspongia (Euplacella) biru; Fungia fungites; Indonesia; Porifera; Spatial interaction; 42.72.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/214340
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Spatial Dependence of Regional Unemployment in the European Union AgEcon
Niebuhr, Annekatrin.
The findings of recent studies on adjustment processes suggest that regional labour markets in the EU and the US differ significantly. Low wage flexibility and limited labour mobility in European countries involve persistent unemployment differentials across regions. However, the spatial dimension of regional labour market problems is largely neglected in the corresponding analyses. In contrast, the present paper focuses on the spatial structure of regional unemployment disparities. Regions are tightly linked by migration, commuting and interregional trade. These types of spatial interaction are exposed to frictional effects of distance, possibly causing spatial dependence of regional labour market conditions. Spatial association of regional unemployment...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Regional unemployment; Spatial interaction; Spatial econometrics; Europe; Labor and Human Capital; C21; E24; R12.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26147
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Convergence and the Effects of Spatial Interaction AgEcon
Niebuhr, Annekatrin.
Since the beginning of the 1990s, the issue of income convergence has received considerable attention in economic research. Although a vast number of empirical studies has emerged, evidence on the role of spatial interaction is still rather scarce. The present paper is an attempt to provide additional information on the spatial aspect of convergence. Spatial econometric methods are used to investigate regional convergence in West Germany. The results indicate that spatial interaction is an important element of regional growth. However, considering spatial effects does not alter the general conclusion that regional income growth is characterised by a process of convergence.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Regional convergence; Spatial interaction; Spatial econometrics; Community/Rural/Urban Development; C21; C52; O18; R11.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26351
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