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| Registros recuperados: 26 | |
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| Beard, Jr., T. Douglas; U.S. Geological Survey; Dbeard@usgs.gov; Bennett, Elena M; McGill University; elena.bennett@mcgill.ca; Cumming, Graeme S.; University of Florida; cummingg@wec.ufl.edu; Cork, Steven J; Land & Water Australia; steve.cork@lwa.gov.au; Agard, John; University of the West Indies; johnagard@yahoo.com / jagard@fsa.uwi.tt; Dobson, Andrew P.; Princeton University; dobber@princeton.edu; Peterson, Garry D.; McGill University; garry.peterson@mcgill.ca. |
| Ecosystem service (ES) trade-offs arise from management choices made by humans, which can change the type, magnitude, and relative mix of services provided by ecosystems. Trade-offs occur when the provision of one ES is reduced as a consequence of increased use of another ES. In some cases, a trade-off may be an explicit choice; but in others, trade-offs arise without premeditation or even awareness that they are taking place. Trade-offs in ES can be classified along three axes: spatial scale, temporal scale, and reversibility. Spatial scale refers to whether the effects of the trade-off are felt locally or at a distant location. Temporal scale refers to whether the effects take place relatively rapidly or slowly. Reversibility expresses the likelihood... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Millennium Ecosystem Assessment; Space; Time; Synergisms; Trade-offs. |
| Ano: 2006 |
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| Raudsepp-Hearne, Ciara; McGill University; ciara.rh@gmail.com; Peterson, Garry D; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; garry.peterson@su.se. |
| Ecosystem service assessment and management are shaped by the scale at which they are conducted; however, there has been little systematic investigation of the scales associated with ecosystem service processes, such as production, benefit distribution, and management. We examined how social-ecological spatial scale impacts ecosystem service assessment by comparing how ecosystem service distribution, trade-offs, and bundles shift across spatial scales. We used a case study in Québec, Canada, to analyze the scales of production, consumption, and management of 12 ecosystem services and to analyze how interactions among 7 of these ecosystem services change across 3 scales of observation (1, 9, and 75 km²). We found that ecosystem service... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Covariance; Ecosystem service bundles; Mont Saint-Hilaire; Problem of fit; Scaling; Social-ecological; Spatial; Trade-offs. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Cavender-Bares, Jeannine; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota; Institute on Environment, University of Minnesota; cavender@umn.edu; Polasky, Stephen; Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota; Institute on Environment, University of Minnesota; polasky@umn.edu; King, Elizabeth; Biological Sciences, Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia; Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia; egking@uga.edu. |
| Achieving sustainability, i.e., meeting the needs of current populations without compromising the needs of future generations, is the major challenge facing global society in the 21st century. Navigating the inherent trade-offs between provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting ecosystem services, and doing so in a way that does not compromise natural capital needed to provide services in the future, is critical for sustainable resource management. Here we build upon existing literature, primarily from economics and ecology, to present an analytical framework that integrates (1) the ecological mechanisms that underpin ecosystem services, (2) biophysical trade-offs and inherent limits that constrain management options, (3) preferences and values... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Dynamics; Ecosystem services; Efficiency frontier; Management constraints; Preferences; Stakeholders; Time lags; Trade-offs. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Bennett, Elena M.; Department of Natural Resource Sciences and McGill School of Environment, McGill University; elena.bennett@mcgill.ca. |
| Managing human-dominated landscapes such as agroecosystems is one of the main challenges facing society today. Decisions about land-use management in agroecosystems involve spatial and temporal trade-offs. The key scales at which these trades-offs occur are poorly understood for most systems, and quantitative assessments of the services provided by agroecosystems under different combinations of land uses are rare. To fill these knowledge gaps, we measured 12 ecosystem services (ES), including climate regulation, gas regulation, soil stability, nutrient regulation, habitat quality, raw material production, food production, fishing, sports, recreation, education, and social relationships, in seven common land-use types at three spatial scales, i.e., patch,... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Agroecosystem; Ecosystem services; Floodplain; Interactions; Land uses; Spatial scales; Trade-offs. |
| Ano: 2014 |
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| Reyers, Belinda; Natural Resources and the Environment, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research; breyers@csir.co.za; Cowling, Richard M.; Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University;; Egoh, Benis N.; Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University;; Le Maitre, David C.; Natural Resources and the Environment, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research;; Vlok, Jan H. J.; Regalis Environmental Services;. |
| Land-cover change has been identified as one of the most important drivers of change in ecosystems and their services. However, information on the consequences of land cover change for ecosystem services and human well-being at local scales is largely absent. Where information does exist, the traditional methods used to collate and communicate this information represent a significant obstacle to sustainable ecosystem management. Embedding science in a social process and solving problems together with stakeholders are necessary elements in ensuring that new knowledge results in desired actions, behavior changes, and decisions. We have attempted to address this identified information gap, as well as the way information is gathered, by quantifying the... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Grazing; Human well-being; Land degradation; Ostriches; Tourism; Trade-offs; Water.. |
| Ano: 2009 |
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| Vercoe, Richard A.; Department of Geography, University of Georgia; ravercoe@uga.edu; Welch-Devine, M.; Center for Integrative Conservation Research, University of Georgia; mwdevine@uga.edu; Hardy, Dean; Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia; rdhardy@uga.edu; Demoss, J. A.; Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia; jdemoss@uga.edu; Bonney, S. N.; Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia; sbonney@uga.edu; Allen, K.; Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia; kallen@uga.edu; Brosius, Peter; Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia; pbrosius@uga.edu; Charles, D.; Department of Geography, University of Georgia; dhc31@uga.edu; Crawford, B.; Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia; bcrawford515@gmail.com; Heisel, S.; Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia; saraelizabethheisel@yahoo.com; Heynen, Nik; Department of Geography, University of Georgia; nheynen@uga.edu; Nibbelink, N.; Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia; nate@warnell.uga.edu; Parker, L.; Department of Geography, University of Georgia; loweryp@uga.edu; Pringle, Cathy; Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia; pringle@sparc.ecology.uga.edu; Shaw, A.; Department of Geography, University of Georgia; alanashaw@uga.edu; Van Sant, L.; Department of Geography, University of Georgia; leviv@uga.edu. |
| We applied an integrative framework to illuminate and discuss the complexities of exurbanization in Macon County, North Carolina. The case of Macon County, North Carolina, highlights the complexity involved in addressing issues of exurbanization in the Southern Appalachian region. Exurbanization, the process by which urban residents move into rural areas in search of unique natural amenities and idealized lifestyles, can often have a dramatic impact on the local economy, culture, and environment. Within Macon County, complex debates and tensions among multiple stakeholders struggle to address local residential development. How can better problem definition benefit rural communities in addressing exurbanization pressures and effects? We asserted that a key... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Conservation; Development; Ecological; Exurbanization; Integrative conservation; Trade-offs. |
| Ano: 2014 |
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| The ability of agroecosystems to provide food ultimately depends on the regulating and supporting ecosystem services that underpin their functioning, such as the regulation of soil quality, water quality, soil erosion, pests, and pollinators. However, there are trade-offs between provisioning and regulating or supporting services, whose nature at the farm and plot scales is poorly understood. We analyzed data at the farm level for two agroecosystems with contrasting objectives in central Mexico: one aimed at staple crop production for self-subsistence and local markets, the other directed to a cash crop for export markets. Bivariate and multivariate trade-offs were analyzed for different crop management strategies (conventional, organic, traditional, crop... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Agroecosystems; Avocado; Ecosystem services; Maize; Mexico; Trade-offs. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Cavender-Bares, Jeannine; University of Minnesota; cavender@umn.edu; King, Elizabeth; University of Georgia; egking@uga.edu; Polasky, Stephen; Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota; Institute on Environment, University of Minnesota; polasky@umn.edu. |
| Meeting human needs while sustaining the planet’s life support systems is the fundamental challenge of our time. What role sustenance of biodiversity and contrasting ecosystem services should play in achieving a sustainable future varies along philosophical, cultural, institutional, societal, and governmental divisions. Contrasting biophysical constraints and perspectives on human well-being arise both within and across countries that span the tropics and temperate zone. Direct sustenance of livelihoods from ecosystem services in East Africa contrasts with the complex and diverse relationships with the land in Mexico and the highly monetary-based economy of the United States. Lack of understanding of the contrasting contexts in which... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article |
Palavras-chave: Biophysical constraints; Cultural contexts; Ecosystem services; Empirical case studies; Human preferences; Sustainability framework; Trade-offs. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Pitcher, Tony J.; Policy and Ecosystem Restoration in Fisheries, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia.; pitcher.t@gmail.com; Lam, Mimi E; Policy and Ecosystem Restoration in Fisheries, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia.; m.lam@fisheries.ubc.ca. |
| Fisheries science and management have been shrouded in controversy and rhetoric for over 125 yrs. Human reliance on fish through history (and even prehistory) has impacted the sea and its resources. Global impacts are manifest today in threatened food security and vulnerable marine ecosystems. Growing consumer demand and subsidized industrial fisheries exacerbate ecosystem degradation, climate change, global inequities, and local poverty. Ten commonly advocated fisheries management solutions, if implemented alone, cannot remedy a history of intense fishing and serial stock depletions. Fisheries policy strategies evaluated along five performance modalities (ecological, economic, social, ethical, and institutional) suggest that composite management... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis |
Palavras-chave: Back-to-the-future; Ecological ethics; Ecosystem restoration; Fisheries management; Fishing down the food web; Food security; Policy goals; The sea ahead; Trade-offs. |
| Ano: 2010 |
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| Gordon, Line; Stockholm University; line@system.ecology.su.se; Folke, Carl; Stockholm University; calle@system.ecology.su.se; Falkenmark, Malin; Swedish Natural Science Research Council;; Engwall, Maria; ;. |
| Global freshwater assessments have not addressed the linkages among water vapor flows, agricultural food production, and terrestrial ecosystem services. We perform the first bottom-up estimate of continental water vapor flows, subdivided into the major terrestrial biomes, and arrive at a total continental water vapor flow of 70,000 km3/yr (ranging from 56,000 to 84,000 km3/yr). Of this flow, 90% is attributed to forests, including woodlands (40,000 km3/yr), wetlands (1400 km3/yr), grasslands (15,100 km3/yr), and croplands (6800 km3/yr). These terrestrial biomes sustain society with essential welfare-supporting ecosystem services, including food production. By analyzing the freshwater requirements of an increasing demand for food in the year 2025, we... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Catchment management; Ecohydrological landscape; Evapotranspiration; Food production; Freshwater management; Global freshwater assessment; Resilience; Terrestrial ecosystem services; Trade-offs; Water use efficiency; Water vapor flows.. |
| Ano: 1999 |
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| Agricultural intensification in rural areas of developing countries compromises the provision of ecosystem services. Social conflict arises among landholders with different preferences for ecosystem services and land-use practices in agricultural frontiers of the Argentine Dry Chaco. We explored policy and management options by assessing the actual and potential outcomes of alternative land-use systems and scenarios. We first constructed the efficiency frontier for avian habitat and agricultural productivity to analyze the combinations of ecosystem services that can be achieved under different land-use intensities. A nonlinear, concave efficiency frontier indicated opportunities to achieve large gains for production with small losses for conservation, for... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article |
Palavras-chave: Dry Chaco; Ecosystem services; Efficiency frontier; Indifference curve; Multifunctional systems; Trade-offs. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Alexander, Karen A; Scottish Association for Marine Science; Karen.Alexander@sams.ac.uk; Kershaw, Peter; Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science; peter.kershaw@cefas.co.uk; Cooper, Philip; School of Management, University of Bath; p.cooper@bath.ac.uk; Gilbert, Alison J.; Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University of Amsterdam; alison.gilbert@vu.nl; Hall-Spencer, Jason M.; School of Marine Science and Engineering, University of Plymouth; jason.hall-spencer@plymouth.ac.uk; Heymans, Johanna J.; Scottish Association for Marine Science; sheila.heymans@sams.ac.uk; Kannen, Andreas; Institute for Coastal Research, Helmholz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Andreas.Kannen@hzg.de; Los, Hans J.; Deltares; Hans.Los@deltares.nl; O'Higgins, Tim; Scottish Association for Marine Science; Tim.O'Higgins@sams.ac.uk; O'Mahony, Cathal; Coastal & Marine Research Centre, University College Cork; c.omahony@ucc.ie; Tett, Paul; Scottish Association for Marine Science; paul.tett@sams.ac.uk; Troost, Tineke A.; Deltares; tineke.troost@deltares.nl; van Beusekom, Justus; Institute for Hydrobiology and Fisheries Science, University of Hamburg; Justus.van.Beusekom@uni-hamburg.de. |
| The sustainable exploitation of marine ecosystem services is dependent on achieving and maintaining an adequate ecosystem state to prevent undue deterioration. Within the European Union, the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) requires member states to achieve Good Environmental Status (GEnS), specified in terms of 11 descriptors. We analyzed the complexity of social-ecological factors to identify common critical issues that are likely to influence the achievement of GEnS in the Northeast Atlantic (NEA) more broadly, using three case studies. A conceptual model developed using a soft systems approach highlights the complexity of social and ecological phenomena that influence, and are likely to continue to influence, the state of ecosystems in the... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem-based management; Good Environmental Status; Northeast Atlantic; Soft systems methodology; Trade-offs. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Briner, Simon; ETH Zurich, Agri-Food and Agri-Environmental Economics Group, Department of Environmental Systems Science; briners@ethz.ch; Huber, Robert; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL; robert.huber@wsl.ch; Bebi, Peter; WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF; bebi@slf.ch; Schmatz, Dirk R.; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL; dirk.schmatz@wsl.ch. |
| Mountain ecosystems provide a broad range of ecosystem services (ES). Trade-offs between different ES are an important aspect in the assessment of future sustainable land-use. Management of ES in mountain regions must confront the challenges of spatial and temporal heterogeneity, and interaction with structural changes in agriculture and forestry. Using a social-ecological modeling framework, we assess the relationships between forest and agricultural ES in a mountain region in Switzerland. Based on the concept of jointness in production, we evaluated trade-offs and synergies among food provision, biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration, and protection against natural hazards. Results show that increasing the provision of a focal ES in a mountain... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Forestry; Land-use change; Model-based scenario analysis; Mountainous regions; Trade-offs. |
| Ano: 2013 |
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| Allen, Karen E; University of Georgia; kallenp@uga.edu. |
| A challenge for landscape planning is to understand how trade-offs are differently negotiated across privately held parcels and how economic incentives for conservation affect these trade-offs. I used the efficiency frontier framework to explore the trade-offs associated with the nature tourism industry, an economic incentive for conservation, in Monteverde, Costa Rica. I modeled regional changes in forest cover from 1985 through 2009, dates that coincide with the boom in the nature tourism industry. Interview data were used to understand the social context of these forest cover changes and the negotiation of trade-offs from the perspective of individual parcel owners. The results suggest that nature tourism can provide a win-win conservation scenario on... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Efficiency frontier; Nature tourism; Trade-offs. |
| Ano: 2015 |
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| Registros recuperados: 26 | |
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