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| Registros recuperados: 61 | |
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| VALENTE-GAIESKY,VERA LÚCIA DA SILVA. |
| Abstract Abstract: If we consider Drosophilidae, the answer to the question above is yes. Many research groups in Brazil and abroad have been showing that assemblages of flies of this family can reflect environmental alteration levels caused by urbanization, and/or by other human disturbances. I will present here a summary of our findings in Drosophilidae assemblages reflecting different degrees of environmental perturbation. These studies were done by graduate students of two post graduate programs of UFRGS, under my supervision, along several decades. I will also present the results stemming from the effort of other Brazilian Drosophilid study groups while identifying the members of those assemblages in different Biomes. As a result of those field... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Bioindication; Brazilian Biomes; Drosophilidae; Urbanization. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000600606 |
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| Medeiros,Julliane Dutra; Cantão,Maurício Egídio; Cesar,Dionéia Evangelista; Nicolás,Marisa Fabiana; Diniz,Cláudio Galuppo; Silva,Vânia Lúcia; Vasconcelos,Ana Tereza Ribeiro de; Coelho,Cíntia Marques. |
| Abstract Rivers and streams are important reservoirs of freshwater for human consumption. These ecosystems are threatened by increasing urbanization, because raw sewage discharged into them alters their nutrient content and may affect the composition of their microbial community. In the present study, we investigate the taxonomic and functional profile of the microbial community in an urban lotic environment. Samples of running water were collected at two points in the São Pedro stream: an upstream preserved and non-urbanized area, and a polluted urbanized area with discharged sewage. The metagenomic DNA was sequenced by pyrosequencing. Differences were observed in the community composition at the two sites. The non-urbanized area was overrepresented by... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Aquatic environment; Urbanization; Microbial community; Metagenomic. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822016000400835 |
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| Cork, Steven J; CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems and Land & Water Australia; stevecork@grapevine.net.au; Peterson, Garry D; Department of Geography & McGill School of the Environment, McGill University; garry.peterson@mcgill.ca; Bennett, Elena M; Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin, Madison; elena.bennett@mcgill.ca; Zurek, Monika; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO); monika.zurek@fao.org. |
| This paper outlines the qualitative components (the storylines) of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) scenarios. Drawing on a mixture of expert knowledge, experience, and published literature, we have explored plausible consequences of four trajectories for human development. The storylines have been designed to draw out both benefits and risks for ecosystems and human well-being in all four trajectories with enough richness of detail to allow readers to immerse themselves in the world of the scenario. Only a summarized version of the storylines is presented here; readers are encouraged to read the more detailed versions (MA 2005). Together with the quantitative models (Alcamo et al. 2005) the storylines provide a base from which others can consider... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Adaptive governance; Economic development; Ecosystem services; Environmental management; Environmental technology; Futures; Poverty reduction; Regime shifts; Resilience; Scenarios; Urbanization. |
| Ano: 2006 |
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| Conroy, Michael J; USGS Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; conroy@forestry.uga.edu; Allen, Craig; University of Nebraska; allencr@unl.edu; Peterson, James T; USGS Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit;; Pritchard, Lowell, Jr.; Emory University; lpritc2@emory.edu; Moore, Clinton T; ;. |
| The southern Piedmont of the southeastern United States epitomizes the complex and seemingly intractable problems and hard decisions that result from uncontrolled urban and suburban sprawl. Here we consider three recurrent themes in complicated problems involving complex systems: (1) scale dependencies and cross-scale, often nonlinear relationships; (2) resilience, in particular the potential for complex systems to move to alternate stable states with decreased ecological and/or economic value; and (3) uncertainty in the ability to understand and predict outcomes, perhaps particularly those that occur as a result of human impacts. We consider these issues in the context of landscape-level decision making, using as an example water resources and lotic... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Piedmont; Adaptive management; Land use; Model; Resilience; Scale; Sprawl; Uncertainty; Urbanization; Water resources. |
| Ano: 2003 |
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| Petersen, L. M.; University of Queensland, Australia; Sustainable Livelihoods Foundation, South Africa; Leif.petersen@livelihoods.org.za; Moll, E. J.; Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, South Africa;; Collins, R.; School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Australia;; Hockings, Marc T.; Department of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management, University of Queensland, Australia; m.hockings@uq.edu.au. |
| Wild harvesting has taken place over millennia in Africa. However urbanization and cash economies have effectively altered harvesting from being cultural, traditional, and subsistence activities that are part of a rural norm, to being a subculture of commonly illicit activities located primarily within the urban, cash-based, informal economy. This paper focuses on Cape Town, South Africa where high levels of poverty and extensive population growth have led to a rapidly growing informal industry based on the cultural, subsistence, and entrepreneurial harvesting and consumption of products obtained from the local natural environment. Through a process of literature reviews, database analysis, and key informant interviews, a compendium of harvested species... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Cape Town South Africa; Cash-based economy; Compendium; Conservation; Illicit harvesting; Informal economy; Urbanization; Wild harvesting; Wild harvest trade. |
| Ano: 2012 |
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| BenDor, Todd; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; bendor@unc.edu; Shoemaker, Douglas A.; North Carolina State University; douglas.shoemaker@gmail.com; Thill, Jean-Claude; University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Jean-Claude.Thill@uncc.edu; Dorning, Monica A.; North Carolina State University; madorning@gmail.com; Meentemeyer, Ross K.; North Carolina State University; ross_meentemeyer@ncsu.edu. |
| We examined how social-ecological factors in the land-change decision-making process influenced neighboring decisions and trajectories of alternative landscape ecologies. We decomposed individual landowner decisions to conserve or develop forests in the rapidly growing Charlotte, North Carolina, U.S. region, exposing and quantifying the effects of forest quality, and social and cultural dynamics. We tested the hypothesis that the intrinsic value of forest resources, e.g., cultural attachment to land, influence woodland owners’ propensity to sell. Data were collected from a sample of urban, nonindustrial private forest (U-NIPF) owners using an individualized survey design that spatially matched land-owner responses to the ecological and timber... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Forest persistence; Land-use change; Social-ecological feedbacks; Tax policy; Urban forests; Urbanization. |
| Ano: 2014 |
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| Kleppel, G. S.; Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, SUNY; gkleppel@csc.albany.edu; Madewell, Shirley A; Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, SUNY; madewell@mail.com; Hazzard, Sarah E; Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, SUNY; hazzads@ecostudies.org. |
| Although it has been repeatedly demonstrated that urbanization has negative environmental consequences, the conversion of land to urban use is increasing worldwide and is not likely to abate. We tested the hypothesis that different urban typologies, i.e., distributions of human population and infrastructure, differentially influence the water quality and ecological functionality of emergent marsh wetlands in New York State's Hudson River Valley. Wetlands were studied in two watersheds, defined as landscapes bounded by ridge lines, containing traditional small-town development and two watersheds containing suburban typologies. Land cover attributes were evaluated by analyzing ground-truthed, orthophotoquad data with a GIS. Water quality, the cover and... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Hudson River Valley; New York State; Buffers; Land use; Small towns; Suburbs; Trophic transfer efficiency; Urban typology; Urbanization; Water quality; Watershed; Wetlands. |
| Ano: 2004 |
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| Miserendino,M. Laura; Gullo,Bettina S.. |
| Temporal (May 2005 to February 2006) and habitat distribution (pools and riffles) of Hirudinea species was analyzed at a post urban reach from Esquel stream (Chubut province, Patagonia, Argentina). Site was located 5.7 km downstream a Waste Treatment Plant. Mean values of nutrients: ammonia, nitrates and soluble reactive phosphate, as well water conductivity, turbidity and total suspended solids indicated physical and organic pollution. Leeches assemblage was composed by the glossiphonids: Helobdella scutifera Blanchard, 1900, H. michaelseni (Blanchard, 1900), H. simplex (Moore, 1911), Helobdella sp., H. hyalina Ringuelet, 1942, H. obscura Ringuelet, 1942 and the semiscolecid Patagoniobdella variabilis (Blanchard, 1900). From these H. hyalina and H.... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Leeches; Assemblages; Streams; Urbanization; Organic pollution. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212014000300006 |
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| Carvalho,Naira C. de; Bordignon,Marcelo O.; Shapiro,Julie T.. |
| Several factors, such as hunting and the pet trade, are responsible for the worldwide decline of wildlife populations. In addition, fatal collisions with vehicles on highways have also taken one of the largest tolls. This study aimed to quantify the richness and abundance of vertebrate roadkill along highway MS-080 in Mato Grosso do Sul, Central-West Brazil. We compare the amount of roadkill to the distance between cities, moon phases and the flow of vehicles on the highway. Samples were collected weekly between March and September 2011, totaling 257 individuals, belonging to 32 families and 52 species, resulting in an index of 0.13 individuals hit/km. Birds were the most frequently hit taxa, followed by mammals. The most affected species was Cariama... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Conservation; Roads; Roadkill; Urbanization; Habitat fragmentation. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212014000100006 |
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| Calegaro-Marques,Cláudia; Amato,Suzana B.. |
| Species introductions have altered host and parasite diversity throughout the world. In the case of introduced hosts, population age appears to be a good predictor of parasite richness. Habitat alteration is another variable that may impact host-parasite interactions by affecting the availability of intermediate hosts. The house sparrow (Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758)) is a good model to test these predictions. It was introduced in several parts of the world and can be found across rural-urban gradients. A total of 160 house sparrows from Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, were necropsied. Thirty house sparrows (19 %) were parasitized with at least one out of five helminth species (Digenea: Tamerlania inopina Freitas, 1951 and... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Aves; Passeridae; Urbanization; Host sex; Host age. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212010000100010 |
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| Geoffroy, Benjamain; Alfonso, Sebastien; Sadoul, Bastien; Blumstein, Daniel T. |
| Humans currently occupy all continents and by doing so, modify the environment and create novel threats to many species; a phenomenon known as human-induced rapid environmental changes (HIREC). These growing anthropogenic disturbances represent major and relatively new environmental challenges for many animals, and invariably alter selection on traits adapted to previous environments. Those species that survive often have moved from their original habitat or modified their phenotype through plasticity or genetic evolution. Based on the most recent advances in this research area, we predict that wild individuals with highly plastic capacities, relatively high basal stress level, and that are generally shy—in other words, individuals displaying a reactive... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Coping style; Antipredator behavior; Evolution; Stress physiology; Ecology; Predation; Urbanization; Pollution. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00664/77564/79528.pdf |
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| Barouki, Robert; Kogevinas, Manolis; Audouze, Karine; Belesova, Kristine; Bergman, Ake; Birnbaum, Linda; Boekhold, Sandra; Denys, Sebastien; Desseille, Celine; Drakvik, Elina; Frumkin, Howard; Garric, Jeanne; Destoumieux-garzon, Delphine; Haines, Andrew; Huss, Anke; Jensen, Genon; Karakitsios, Spyros; Klanova, Jana; Koskela, Iida-maria; Laden, Francine; Marano, Francelyne; Franziska Matthies-wiesler, Eva; Morris, George; Nowacki, Julia; Paloniemi, Riikka; Pearce, Neil; Peters, Annette; Rekola, Aino; Sarigiannis, Denis; Šebková, Katerina; Slama, Remy; Staatsen, Brigit; Tonne, Cathryn; Vermeulen, Roel; Vineis, Paolo. |
| The outbreak of COVID-19 raised numerous questions on the interactions between the occurrence of new infections, the environment, climate and health. The European Union requested the H2020 HERA project which aims at setting priorities in research on environment, climate and health, to identify relevant research needs regarding Covid-19. The emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 appears to be related to urbanization, habitat destruction, live animal trade, intensive livestock farming and global travel. The contribution of climate and air pollution requires additional studies. Importantly, the severity of COVID-19 depends on the interactions between the viral infection, ageing and chronic diseases such as metabolic, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: SARS-COV-2; Biodiversity; Urbanization; Climate; Chemicals; Transformational change. |
| Ano: 2021 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00659/77146/78471.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 61 | |
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