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Registros recuperados: 15
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Approches multifactorielles pour l'étude d'interactions entre l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas et deux Vibrio pathogènes, V. splendidus et V. aestuarianus : épidémiologie, variabilité de la sensibilité de l'hôte et pathogenèse ArchiMer
De Decker, Sophie.
Oyster production is the main aquaculture activity in France and is dominated by the rearing of Crassostrea gigas. In the aquatic ecosystems where the species is grown, bacteria of the genus Vibrio are found to be dominant. Two Vibrio species, V. splendidus and V. aestuarianus, are frequently associated with Crassostrea gigas summer mortality episodes. The aims of this work were to study Vibrio-oyster interactions and their modulations according to virulence mechanisms and to genetic and physiological parameters of the host. Using specific, sensitive and quantifying diagnostic tools developed in this study, as well as standardized experimental infection trials, some components of the virulence of Vibrio strains and host susceptibility were delineated and...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Bactériologie; Vibrio pathogène; Interactions Vibrio-huître; Crassostrea gigas; Vibrio splendidus; Vibrio aestuarianus; Epidémiologie; Facteurs de sensibilité.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00016/12697/9618.pdf
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Phylogénie moléculaire de bactéries pathogènes de bivalves marins, Vibrio spendidus, à partir du gène gyrB ArchiMer
Magne, Fabien.
La production d'huîtres creuse, Crassostrea gigas, est aujourd'hui la principale production française de coquillages. Depuis 1991, des épisodes de mortalité estivale sur le naissain sont observés sur le littoral français. Les causes de ces épisodes de mortalité n'ont pas été clairement identifiées et semblent faire intervenir un ensemble de facteurs. Le seul moyen de lutte contre ces maladies infectieuses chez les mollusques d'élevages est l'identification et la détection des pathogènes pour contrôler les risques d'infection. De nombreuses études ont établi le caractère pathogène de certaines souches de Vibrio splendidus chez l'huître creuse. Aucun critère phénotypique ne permet de discriminer ces souches entre elles. Les méthodes moléculaires sont donc...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Vibrio splendidus; GyrB; Phylogénie; PCR RFLP.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00032/14341/11625.pdf
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Characterization of Vibrio isolated from Crassostrea gigas spat suffering summer mortality outbreaks ArchiMer
Gay, Melanie; Renault, Tristan; Le Roux, Fredérique.
The French oyster production is mainly based on the pacific oyster, Crassos/rea gigas. However, for several years, C. gigas spat has suffered severe mortality outbreaks. A multifactorial etiology implicating environment, oyster physiology, genetics and pathogens is heavily suspected. A herpesvims and bacteria belonging to the Vihrio s\p/endidus polyphyletic group have been isolated From summer mortality outbreaks. Moreover, several strains belonging to the genus Vibrio have been identified as pathogen for different mollusk species. However, few tools are available for the identification of these Vibrios and for the characterization of the virulence of the pathogenic strains.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mortality; Vibrio splendidus; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-2854.pdf
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Combination of a pesticide exposure and a bacterial challenge: In vivo effects on immune response of Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) ArchiMer
Gagnaire, Beatrice; Gay, Melanie; Huvet, Arnaud; Daniel, Jean-yves; Saulnier, Denis; Renault, Tristan.
To assess the impact of pollution induced by pesticides on Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, health in France, in vivo effects of combined pesticide exposure and bacterial challenge on cell activities and gene expression in hemocytes were tested using flow cytometry and real-time PCR. As a first step, an in vivo model of experimental contamination was developed. Pacific oysters were exposed to a mixture of eight pesticides (atrazine, glyphosate, alachlor, metolachlor, fosetyl-alumimium, terbuthylazine, diuron and carbaryl) at environmentally relevant concentrations over a 7-day period. Hemocyte parameters (cell mortality, enzyme activities and phagocytosis) were monitored using flow cytometry and gene expression was evaluated by real-time PCR (RT-PCR)....
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Gene expression; Flow cytometry; Vibrio splendidus; Pathogenesis; Phagocytosis; Hemocyte; Pesticides; Bivalve immunity; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3022.pdf
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Contribution à l'étude de vibrions pathogènes d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas - Interactions hémocytes-vibrions et développement de tests de diagnostic d'intérêt taxonomique ArchiMer
Duperthuy, Marylise.
Les bactéries du genre Vibrio représentent le groupe le plus fréquemment associé à des maladies infectieuses chez les mollusques marins et notamment l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas. A ce jour trois espèces de Vibrio pathogènes d'huîtres creuses V. splendidus, V. aestuarianus et récemment V. coralliitycus ont été identifiés en France. La prévention des mortalités associées à ces vibrioses repose sur une meilleure compréhension des interactions hôte-pathogène et sur l'utilisation de techniques de diagnostic rapides à mettre en oeuvre et fiables. Ce travail a permis d'une part de caractériser la dynamique de phagocytose de vibrions par les cellules immunocompétentes de l'huître, les hémocytes. La mise au point d'un protocole d'analyse en cytométrie de flux...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Vibrio splendidus; Vibrio aestuarianus; Vibrio corralliitycus; Hémocytes; Phagocytose; Cytométrie de flux; Diagnostic; PCRq.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14452/11753.pdf
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Characterization of Vibrio isolated from Crassostrea gigas spat suffering summer mortality outbreaks (slides) ArchiMer
Gay, Melanie; Renault, Tristan; Le Roux, Frédérique.
The pathogens related to summer mortality outbreaks are a herpes virus and two bacterial strains one belonging to Vibrio splendidus biovar II and the other to Vibrio splendidus spp. However, the feature pathogen/opportunist of these strains is still unknown. Several strains belonging to the genus Vibrio have been identified as pathogen for different mollusk species. In the context of the French program Morest, experiments of cohabitation have been used to demonstrate the potential presence of a transmissible infectious agent in batches of oysters suffering from summer mortality outbreaks. More than one hundred Vibrio strains have been isolated from these experiments. These strains have been phenotypically and genotypically characterized. Their virulence...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Vibrio splendidus; Vibrio lentus; Crassostrea gigas; Summer; Spat; Pathogen; Disease transmission; Oyster culture; Mortality; Microbial contamination; Oysters.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-3343.pdf
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Episodes de mortalité massive de moules bleues observés en 2014 dans les Pertuis charentais ArchiMer
Bechemin, Christian; Soletchnik, Patrick; Polsenaere, Pierre; Le Moine, Olivier; Pernet, Fabrice; Protat, Martin; Fuhrmann, Marine; Quere, Claudie; Goulitquer, Sophie; Corporeau, Charlotte; Lapegue, Sylvie; Travers, Marie-agnes; Morga, Benjamin; Garrigues, Manon; Garcia, Celine; Haffner, Philippe; Dubreuil, Christine; Faury, Nicole; Baillon, Laury; Baud, Jean-pierre; Renault, Tristan.
Mass mortality outbreaks (90-100%) in both juvenile and adult blue mussels were reported in 2014 along the Pertuis Charentais area of the French Atlantic coast. A series of studies were carried out to learn more about the phenomenon through detecting pathogens, describing environmental conditions and establishing the physiological status of the animals. Bacteria identif ied as belonging to the V. splendidus species were detected in dying mussels and seem able to cause mortality in blue mussels in the laboratory. Unusual environmental conditions (large amounts of fresh water, re-suspension of sediments during a series of storms, and a high renewal rate of specific water masses in Brittany’s Pertuis area) may be partially responsible for sparking the phenomen
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mortalités; Moules; Pertuis Charentais; Vibrio splendidus; Environnement; Mortality; Mussels; Pertuis Charentais; Vibrio splendidus; Environment.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00312/42343/41682.pdf
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Infection expérimentale chez Crassostrea gigas : étude de deux souches pathogènes apparentées à Vibrio splendidus ArchiMer
Gay, Melanie.
Infectious diseases are a limiting factor to the development and sustainability of aquaculture. For mollusc cultures, only prophylactic measures may be applied, their development usually facilitated by the reproduction of the disease under experimental conditions. To develop an experimental infection in Crassostrea gigas, Vibrio strains were isolated and their virulence was experimentally evaluated. Collaboration phenomena between some strains were observed in infection trial, leading to higher mortality rate when two strains are concomitantly inoculated. Two pathogenic strains, belonging to the polyphyletic group of Vibrio splendidus and named 31 and 32 illustrate this phenomenon. They induce extensive alterations of the adductor muscle in C. gigas. The...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Collaboration between strains; Inhibitory strains; Experimental infections; Vibrio splendidus; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Mollusc diseases; Collaboration entre souches; Souches inhibitrices; Infections expérimentales; Vibrio splendidus; Crassostrea gigas; Huître creuse; Pathologie des mollusques.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/these-328.pdf
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Lysozyme gene expression and hemocyte behaviour in the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, after injection of various bacteria or temperature stresses ArchiMer
Li, H; Parisi, M; Toubiana, Mylene; Cammarata, M; Roch, Philippe.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of the Mytilus galloprovincialis lysozyme gene in different in vivo stress situations, including injection of bacteria Vibrio splendidus LGP32, Vibrio anguillarum or Micrococcus lysodeikticus, as well as heat shock at 30 C and cold stress at 5 C. Injection of V. splendidus LGP32 resulted in: (i) a general down-regulation of lysozyme gene expression, as quantified by Q-PCR; (ii) reduction in the number of circulating hemocytes; (iii) decrease in the percentage of circulating hemocytes expressing lysozyme mRNA which was now restricted to only small cells, as observed by ISH; and (iv) accumulation of hemocytes expressing lysozyme in the muscle sinus where injection took place. Injection of V....
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Molluscs; Mytilus; ISH; Q PCR; Gene expression; Lysozyme; Heat shock; Micrococcus lysodeikticus; Vibrio anguillarum; Vibrio splendidus.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4479.pdf
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Les facteurs écophysiologiques et génétiques ainsi que la ploïdie influencent-ils la réponse de l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, à une infection par des Vibrio ? ArchiMer
Castagnet, Sophie.
Depuis une quinzaine d'années, des mortalités massives d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas, sont observées sur le littoral français durant la période estivale. Des études ont démontré que les mortalités sont plurifactorielles et qu'elles sont la résultante d'interactions entre l'environnement, l'huître (physiologie et génétique) et certains agents infectieux. Durant ce stage, les interactions entre l'huître creuse et deux bactéries de genre Vibrio (Vibrio splendidus et Vibrio aestuarianus), fréquemment associées aux mortalités, ont été étudiées, afin de tenter de comprendre le lien entre les facteurs de l'hôte (origine génétique et physiologie de la reproduction) et les vibrions (production d'un facteur de virulence), pouvant impacter la sensibilité de...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ecophysiologie; Génétique; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Vibrio splendidus; Vibrio aestuarianus; Microbiologie.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14442/11741.pdf
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A European epidemiological survey of Vibrio splendidus clade shows unexplored diversity and massive exchange of virulence factors ArchiMer
Nasfi, H.; Travers, Marie-agnes; De Lorgeril, Julien; Habib, C.; Sannie, T.; Sorieul, L.; Gerard, J.; Avarre, J. C.; Haffner, Philippe; Tourbiez, Delphine; Renault, Tristan; Furones, D.; Roque, A.; Pruzzo, C.; Cheslett, D.; Gdoura, R.; Vallaeys, T..
The Vibrio splendidus clade has previously been associated with epidemic outbreaks of various aquatic animals, as in the case of the cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas. To investigate whether involved strains could present a clonal origin and to identify possible alternative background carriage animals or zooplankton, a large epidemiological survey was conducted on isolates of the splendidus clade. For this purpose, Vibrio strains were isolated from various samples including oysters, mussels, sediments, zooplankton, and sea water on the basis of a North/South gradient of the European sea water zone (Ireland, The Netherlands, France, Italy, and Spain). A total of 435 isolates were successfully associated to the V. splendidus clade using real time polymerase...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: VNTR; Vibrio splendidus; Epidemiology; Vsm; OmpU; Crassotrea giga; Mortality.
Ano: 2015 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00255/36666/35350.pdf
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Poly I:C induces a protective antiviral immune response in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) against subsequent challenge with Ostreid herpesvirus (OsHV-1 mu var) ArchiMer
Green, Timothy; Montagnani, Caroline.
In-vivo studies were carried out to investigate the protective effect of a synthetic viral analogue (poly I:C) against Ostreid herpes virus (OsHV-1 mu var). Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) were immune-primed by intramuscular injection of 240 mu g of poly I:C or sterile seawater at 1 day prior to infection with OsHV-1 mu var. Poly I:C injection induced an antiviral state in C gigas as the percentage of viral-infected oysters at 48 h post infection was significantly lower in the poly I:C treatment (11%) compared to seawater controls (100%). In an additional experiment, we demonstrated that the protective role of poly I:C is reproducible and elicits a specific antiviral response as immune-priming with heat-killed Vibrio splendidus provided no protection...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1; Poly I:C; Vibrio splendidus; Interferon-like response.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00152/26293/24739.pdf
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Screening of Vibrio isolates to develop an experimental infection model in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas ArchiMer
Gay, Melanie; Berthe, Franck; Leroux, Frederique.
In an attempt to develop a reproducible experimental model of bacterial infection in Crassostrea gigas, oysters taken from very localised sub-populations suffering natural mortality outbreaks were used in cohabitation trials under laboratory conditions. From these trials, a collection of Vibrio strains was isolated from moribund and healthy oysters. In a second step, strains were experimentally tested for virulence by means of injection into healthy oysters. This screening revealed a span of virulence among isolated strains from none to medium. When pooling injected strains, results suggest increased virulence. Vibrio strains may have additive/synergistic action leading to higher C, gigas mortality rates in experimental challenges. Although the study...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gias; Antagonism; Agonism; Virulence; Vibrio splendidus.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-3174.pdf
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Caractérisation de bactéries pathogènes, Vibrio splendidus, isolées de bivalves marins ArchiMer
Gay, Melanie; Waechter, Magali; Lambert, Christophe; Escoubas, Jean-michel; Cochennec, Nathalie; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Berthe, Franck; Le Roux, Frédérique.
Nowadays, cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas, production is the main shellfish production in France. Spats cultivated on most farms are usually collected in the wild, but hatchery spats are becoming more numerous, and represent around 10% of today's cultivated spats. During the summer period, when the temperatures are higher, high mortality rates have been regularly observed in cupped in oyster C. gigas (60 to 100%) spats since 1991, both in hatcheries-nurseries and in their natural habitat. Over the last five years, these episodes have become a big concern for all the professionals.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Pathogène; Vibrio splendidus; Bactériologie.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3277.pdf
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Comparative analysis of Vibrio splendidus-related strains isolated during Crassostrea gigas mortality events ArchiMer
Le Roux, Frédérique; Gay, Melanie; Lambert, Christian; Waechter, Magali; Poubalanne, Saravanne; Chollet, Bruno; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Berthe, Franck.
French mollusc production is based mainly on the Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Since 1991, annual mass mortality of juveniles has been reported during summer months. These recurring episodes concern professionals who fear that like Portugese oyster, C. angulata, C gigas could in turn disappear following one of these epizooties. Previously, bacteriological analysis of moribund oyster juveniles yielded an isolate of a Vibrio splendidus biovar H strain, named TNEMF6. This isolate was demonstrated to be pathogenic to Crassostrea gigas spat by experimental challenge. To study the association between summer oyster mortality and presence of TNEMF6 cluster strains, Vibrionaceae fauna were isolated from infected spat along the French Atlantic coast...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Vibrio splendidus; Virulence; Epidemiology; PCR RFLP; Oyster mortality.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/publication-565.pdf
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