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Registros recuperados: 20 | |
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Subbaraman, Subhashini; von Witzke, Harald. |
This study focuses on estimating determinants of wages across primary, secondary and tertiary sectors in rural India by the type of work contract involved. Casual labourers, with short term work contracts and nearly absent benefits and wage employees, with long term work contracts, higher wages and benefits represent dual sections of the labour market. Here we demonstrate that human capital and other factors that has been proven to explain variation in wages in other labour markets, explain little about wages in casual employment sector. Further, pattern of returns to education for casual labourers were found to decrease with increasing educational levels and was negative for higher education. Such a trend was no t noticed among wage employees, where... |
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Returns to education; Wages; Particular labour markets; Labor and Human Capital; J3; J4. |
Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25660 |
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Zhang, Linxiu; de Brauw, Alan; Rozelle, Scott. |
The major objective of this paper is to discuss the development of rural labor markets in China during the past two decades and understand how it has affected women. Using household survey data that we collected in 2001, we examine the role of women in labor markets by examining employment and migration trends and changes in wages. According to the data of our nearly national representative sample, we find that there has been a sharp overall increase in off-farm participation, most of the increase has been driven by young migrants, and women, especially those in the youngest cohorts, have participated at rates equaling or surpassing those of their male counterparts. We also find that the wages of women have not been adversely affected by the emergence... |
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: China; Labor market liberalization; Employment; Wages; Gender; Labor and Human Capital. |
Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25932 |
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LeBlanc, Michael. |
This report is an empirical inquiry into how poverty is changed by the macroeconomy. The analysis suggests low real wage rates and not the unemployment rate are the most important determinant of poverty in the long run. Changes in output and unemployment primarily affect cyclical or shortun poverty. The empirical results weaken the belief that output growth acting alone will significantly and permanently reduce poverty in the United States. Instead, the results suggest combining economic growth strategies with targeted interventions that may lie outside the traditional sphere of monetary and fiscal policy. |
Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Unemployment; Wages; Economic growth; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital. |
Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33584 |
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Cunha, Marina Silva da. |
This work studies the wage differentials and determinants of the employees in Brazilian agriculture, in period 1981-2005, on the basis of the information of the National Research for Sample of Domiciles of the IBGE. The methodology of Heckman is used to correct bias of selection, common in wage equations gotten by Least Ordinary Square, besides the decomposition of Oaxaca-Blinder, to analyze the wage differentials between 1981 and 2005. Between wage determinants, had been analyzed: education, experience, region, weekly working time and formal work, besides some macroeconomic determinants. The results of the work suggest a reduction of the wage differentials, mainly in the end of the studied period, and that the variable education, age and formal work had... |
Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Wages; Heckman; Decomposition of Oaxaca.; Agribusiness; J31; J43. |
Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61227 |
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Newman, Constance. |
Although earnings generally increased in rural areas in the 1990s, Hispanic population growth led to lower wages for at least one segment of the rural populationworkers with a high school degree (skilled workers), particularly men in this skill group. Using data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Current Population Survey, this report examines the effects of Hispanic population growth on rural wages. The analysis combines approaches from earlier immigration-impact studies and more recent work that incorporates the role of labor demand in the labor market. The analysis finds that labor demand shift factors and other area-specific factors that often are not included in immigration studies are important. Results indicate that labor demand increases... |
Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Immigration; Wages; Labor demand; Hispanic population growth; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital. |
Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33965 |
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Gabe, Todd M.; Colby, Kristen; Bell, Kathleen P.. |
This paper examines the effects of local workforce creativity on county-level earnings. Descriptive analysis of the data shows that most of the high-creativity counties in the United States are part of metropolitan areas, and that employee earnings are high in these places. Regression results indicate that, other things being equal, workforce creativity enhances county-level labor earnings. However, the returns to creativity that we found can be confirmed only in the urban context. An extension of the analysis suggests that the creative workforce wage premium may be capturing the effects of "technical workforce creativity" on earnings. |
Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Creative economy; Wages; Economic development; Labor and Human Capital. |
Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10167 |
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Jaramillo, Miguel; Lopez, Kristian. |
Luego de alcanzar un pico histórico en 1986, el salario mínimo sufrió una caída estrepitosa, junto con el nivel medio de las remuneraciones, hasta inicios de los noventas. Sin embargo, desde mediados de los noventas se ha incrementado considerablemente, acercándose al nivel promedio de las remuneraciones tanto de trabajadores no calificados como de informales. Este estudio describe el marco institucional del salario mínimo en el mercado laboral peruano y analiza su relación con la distribución de los ingresos laborales para diferentes grupos del mercado laboral (trabajadores no calificados, informales, mujeres y jóvenes). Así mismo, aprovecha las variaciones recientes para identificar los efectos de un alza sobre las remuneraciones y el empleo a lo largo... |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Empleo; Salarios; Salario mínimo; Mercado de trabajo; Perú; Employment; Wages; Minumum wage; Labour market; Peru; Labor and Human Capital; J3; J4. |
Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37728 |
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Phan, Diep; Coxhead, Ian A.. |
“Shock therapy” transitions in Eastern Europe facilitated movement of skilled workers into privatized industries offering high wage premia relative to state industries. Other transitional economies (notably China and Vietnam) have been slower to relinquish control over key industries and factor markets. Some costs of this piecemeal approach are now becoming apparent. We examine the spillover of continuing capital market distortions into the market for a complementary factor, skilled labor. Using Vietnamese data we find that capital market segmentation creates a two-track market for skills, in which state sector workers earn high salaries while non-state workers face lower demand and lower compensation. Growth is reduced directly by diminished allocative... |
Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor; Skills; State-owned; Inequality; Wages; Vietnam; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; J31; P23; F16. |
Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124207 |
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D’Amuri, Francesco; Ottaviano, Gianmarco I.P.; Peri, Giovanni. |
We adopt a general equilibrium approach in order to measure the effects of recent immigration on the Western German labor market, looking at both wage and employment effects. Using the Regional File of the IAB Employment Subsample for the period 1987-2001, we find that the substantial immigration of the 1990’s had no adverse effects on native wages and employment levels. It had instead adverse employment and wage effects on previous waves of immigrants. This stems from the fact that, after controlling for education and experience levels, native and migrant workers appear to be imperfect substitutes whereas new and old immigrants exhibit perfect substitutability. Our analysis suggests that if the German labor market were as ‘flexible’ as the UK labor... |
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Immigration; Skill Complementarities; Employment; Wages; Labor and Human Capital; E24; F22; J61; J31. |
Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6384 |
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Bonanno, Alessandro. |
Wal-Mart, the largest retailer worldwide, has been suspected of exercising market power over input providers, both merchandise suppliers and workers. However, in spite of a growing body of literature investigating the beneficial economic impact of the company through its price-lowering effect, research analyzing the company’s economic impact over input suppliers is limited. This paper presents a general framework which can be used to investigate Wal-Mart’s market power over input suppliers, vis-à-vis a variation in input productivity, focusing on homogenous intermediate goods supplied locally. The model is general enough to account for incumbents’ reaction to Wal-Mart’s entry resulting in exit, entry and changes in the production technology. A simplified... |
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Wal-Mart; Oligopsony power; Entry; Wages; Industrial Organization; Labor and Human Capital; L13; L81; J42. |
Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49599 |
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Sharif, Najma R.; Dar, Atul A.. |
Most studies of wage differentials explain such differentials in terms of factors like gender, race, and human capital. But systematic gaps in earnings can arise even among homogenous individuals as a result of asymmetric employer and worker information gaps, thereby reflecting labour market inefficiency. This paper estimates these gaps in terms of wage differentials across various population groups in Canada. We examine 21 populations groups, which include a number of immigrant groups as well. Information gaps are likely to be important in the context of immigrants, especially those new to Canadian labour markets. Our special interest is not only to compare information gaps of immigrant and other population groups, but also to assess whether (and how)... |
Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Labour markets; Information gaps; Wages; Labor and Human Capital; J31; J61; J64. |
Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50162 |
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Figueiredo, Nelly Maria Sansigolo De; Silva, Patricia Andrade De Oliveira. |
O desenvolvimento agrícola e a consolidação de complexos agroindustriais no Brasil em anos recentes foi acompanhado por mudanças no rural, que deixou de ser simplesmente agrário e incorporou novas atividades ao seu cotidiano. Na RMC, fatores associados ao desenvolvimento econômico regional e intensa urbanização também concorrem para a conformação do mercado de trabalho para a população rural. Nesse contexto, este trabalho busca caracterizar a PEA rural da RMC, os rendimentos no trabalho principal, escolaridade e atividades nas quais se ocupam, tendo em vista a importância das atividades não-agrícolas para a geração de renda dessa população. Nesse sentido, pretende ser uma contribuição ao estudo da pluriatividade na RMC, devendo-se observar que limitações... |
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento socioeconômico; Rendimento do trabalho; Pluriatividade no rural; Socioeconomic development; Wages; Rural pluriativity; Community/Rural/Urban Development. |
Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109654 |
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Andrés González-Moralejo,Silvia; García Cortés,Mildrey. |
Our research examines the agricultural labor market from the perspective of new Keynesian economics. Our aim is to verify that total gross output, total factor productivity, and real wages act as determinants of employment levels in Spanish agriculture. Three structural econometric models were estimated using census data for the period 1998-2013. This was a period of profound economic and social change, and the following two distinct sub-periods were compared: 1998-2007 (a period of economic boom) and 2008-2013 (a period of recession). The empirical evidence is consistent with neo-Keynesian theoretical posits, albeit with certain qualifiers derived from the specifically rural nature of the evidence. The results show a negative relationship between... |
Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Agrarian labor market; Neo-Keynesian model; Wages. |
Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202016000200002 |
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Registros recuperados: 20 | |
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