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A New Approach to Humus Balancing in Organic Farming Organic Eprints
Brock, Christopher; Hoyer, Uta; Leithold, Günther; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
Humus balances provide a profitable approach for humus dynamics assessment in farming practice. Nevertheless, there is a clear demand for methodological adaptation. This article presents a new approach to humus balancing using reproducible algorithms for the estimation of balance coefficients. Humus balance coefficients for crops and organic fertilizers are estimated according to a bipartite algorithm. Humus demand is calculated on the basis of crop yields referring to the nitrogen household in the plant-soil system. Humus supply is derived from organic matter input with plant material and fertilizers. The new approach facilitates the adaptation of the method to new situations.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Soil quality.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://orgprints.org/12077/1/Brock_12077_ed.doc
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ABOVEGROUND WOODY BIOMASS PRODUCTION OF DIFFERENT TREE SPECIES IN SILVOARABLE AGROFORESTRY SYTEMS WITH ORGANIC AND INTEGRATED CULTIVATION IN SOUTHERN GERMANY Organic Eprints
Huber, Julia; Siegel, Thomas; Schmid, Harald; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
The increasing demand for bioenergy and the combination of agricultural production with conservation has made agroforestry to a sustainable land-management option. Aboveground woody biomass plays a decisive role considering the economic value of the agroforestry systems as well as the carbon storage. With the objective to study aboveground woody biomass production of agroforestry systems with different cultivation methods (organic/ integrated), short rotation plantations of different tree species were established 2009 and coppiced in 2012. The studied tree species were black alder (Alnus glutinosa), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), poplar “Max 3”, (Populus maximowiczii x Populus nigra) and willow “Inger” (Salix triandra x Salix viminalis). At the end...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Crop husbandry; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://orgprints.org/24048/1/24048_MM.pdf
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Analyse des Energieeinsatzes und der Energieeffizienz bei der Futtererzeugung in der Milchviehhaltung Organic Eprints
Frank, Helmut; Schmid, Harald; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
Fodder production requires the highest energy input in dairy farming. Taking the organic and conventional dairy farms from the project “climate effects of land use systems – evaluations on pilot farms” as an example we analyse the energy input for producing different fodder types and the influence of feeding strategies in Southern Germany. The results show that grazing is the most energy efficient form of feeding, followed by fresh grass and silage. Hay requires the highest energy input per unit forage energy. Maize silage has a lower energy input due to high yields. The higher the part of roughage in the ration the lower is the energy input for production of the ration.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Feeding and growth; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://orgprints.org/18229/3/Frank_18229.pdf
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Anecic, endogeic, epigeic or all three - acknowledging the compositional nature of earthworm ecological group data in biodiversity analysis Organic Eprints
Wolfrum, Sebastian; Siebrecht, Norman; Papaja-Hülsbergen, Susanne; Kainz, Maximilian; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
Agriculture and biodiversity are closely connected. Especially the soil ecosystem is crucial in this relation. Earthworms are seen as good indicators for the health and functioning of the soil. Beneath different biodiversity measurese earthworm ecological group data is analysed to assess soil biodiversity, fertility and capability to deliver ecosystem services. However this kind of data is compositional and needs a special statistical treatment. New available methods for this purpose were applied to data from the BIOBIO project (www.biobio-indicator.org) to gain better understanding of the complex relationship between earthworms, agricultural management and environment.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Surveys and statistics; Soil biology; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://orgprints.org/24106/1/24106%20SW%20Paper%20OWC14%20A4_revised_MM.pdf
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Anpassung bestehender Methoden zur Abschätzung der Bodenerosion an die Bedingungen des Ökologischen Landbaus Organic Eprints
Siebrecht, Norman; Kainz, Maximilian; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
Dem ökologischen Landbau werden im Vergleich zu konventionellen Systemen häufig geringere Umweltbelastungen zugesprochen. Ein bedeutender Aspekt sind Wirkungen auf Böden und deren Eigenschaften: Untersuchungen belegen höhere Gehalte organischer Substanz, eine verbesserte Struktur und ein vielfältigeres Bodenleben. Auch Hinweise zu reduzierten Bodenabträgen bestehen. Analysen zum Ausmaß der Wirkungen und den Prozessen sind jedoch kaum verfügbar. Bei der Modellierung von Bodenabträgen und der Ableitung von Maßnahmen sind entsprechende Informationen unabdingbar. Auf Basis umfangreicher Recherche wurden im Projekt Ursachen-Wirkungs-Beziehungen zwischen ökologischer Bewirtschaftungsweise und Bodenerosion erarbeitet. Es zeigt sich, dass die Wirkungen nicht auf...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry; Soil.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://orgprints.org/18812/1/18812-06OE256-wzw_tum-kainz-2009-bodenerosion.pdf
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Auswirkungen der Einbindung einer Biogasanlage in ein ökologisches Betriebssystem Organic Eprints
Helbig, Susann; Grass, Rüdiger; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
Biogas plants gain increasing circulation in organic agriculture. Among systems engi-neering effects on matter cycles, soil, plants and environment particularly depend on the integration of the biogas plant into the farming system. Ecological effects should already be taken into consideration in the planning stage. Therefore appropriate tools are required. In this contribution ecological effects of changing an organic cash crop farming system into a biogas system are shown by using an established modelling approach. Starting from an existing cash crop farm a biogas-scenario was developed which includes e. g. structural adaptations of the cultivation system and crop rotation, the use of internal products and manuring. The biogas plant was conceived as a...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://orgprints.org/9608/1/9608_Helbig_Poster.pdf
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Bestimmung der Fledermausaktivität in Agroforstsystemen und angrenzenden Habitaten mittels N-mixture Modellen Organic Eprints
Wolfrum, Sebastian; Berninger, Eva; Göcen, Deniz; Huber, Julia; Obermaier, Sabine; Schmid, Harald; Siebrecht, Norman; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
Bat activity in agroforestry systems at the research station Scheyern was analyzed using a N-mixture model approach. Results show low bat activity but provide hints that agroforestry structures can increase bat activity in open agricultural habitats.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Surveys and statistics; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://orgprints.org/21633/1/21633_Wolfrum.pdf
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Biogas-Fruchtfolgeversuch Viehhausen - Versuchsanlage und Ertragseffekte auf Winterweizen Organic Eprints
Reents, Hans Jürgen; Kimmelmann, Stefan; Kainz, Max; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
In 2004/05, a field experiment regarding the effect of crop rotations for biogas-production to yield and soil properties was established at the organic experimental station Viehhausen. The different aspect of energy and food production and soil protection of the 5 main crop rotations are explained. The wheat yield 2007-09 was affected by legume percentage in crop rotation, which means partly lower yields but higher protein. The biogas slurry manuring increases the protein content in general but better in rotations with legumes.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Crop husbandry.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://orgprints.org/17447/3/Reents_17447.pdf
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Earthworm abundance and species richness: Contribution of farming system and habitat type Organic Eprints
Köhler, Anna-Sophie; Huber, Julia; Wolfrum, Sebastian; Schmid, Harald; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
The aim of this study conducted at the experimental farm in Scheyern, was to investigate whether earthworm population in different habitats and under different farming systems (organic vs. integrated) differs. Arable land was compared with alley cropping systems, with meadows and field margins. For comparison purpose there were also investigations on the natural habitats fallow, forest and forest edge. The field study yielded the following results: In the meadow, the tree row in the alley cropping system and in the natural reference habitats (with exception of the studied forest), the abundance and species diversity was enhanced compared with arable land. In addition the tree rows in the alley cropping system had a positive effect on the earthworm...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Soil quality; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://orgprints.org/23992/1/23992%20for%20ISOFAR%20conference%202014_MM.pdf
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Effekte von Energiepflanzen-Fruchtfolgen und Gärrestdüngung auf den Weizenertrag Organic Eprints
Levin, Karin; Schießl, Anja; Kimmelmann, Stefan; Reents, Hans Jürgen; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
Ein zweifaktorieller Feldversuch (Gärrestdüngung und Fruchtfolge) zur Untersuchung von Fruchtfolgen für die Biogasproduktion wird seit 2004/2005 in Viehhausen bei Freising durchgeführt. Die Düngung mit Biogasgärrest führte zu signifikant höheren Weizenerträgen gegenüber den ungedüngten Parzellen. Die höchsten Weizenerträge wurden in der Fruchtfolge mit dem höchsten Kleeanteil erreicht. Die Steigerung der Weizenerträge zeigt, dass Synergieeffekte zwischen Energie- und Nahrungsmittelproduktion möglich sind.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://orgprints.org/27188/1/27188_levin.pdf
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Einfluss der Bewirtschaftung auf Nodulation von Erle und Robinie in Agroforststreifen Organic Eprints
Chmelíková, Lucie; Schmid, Harald; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
Root nodules arise because of symbioses between higher plants and N2-fixing soil bacteria. Legumes and Rhizobium as well as actinorhizal plants and Frankia are known for their symbioses. Nodules of black alder (Alnus glutinosa L.) and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) were investigated with soil monoliths (30 cm deep and 7 cm in diameter) from agroforestry strips (organic and integrated management). The farming system had significant influence on the nodule number of black alder, but no influence on nodule number of black locust. For further research and evaluation the other nodule traits, soil conditions and root biomass will be used.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions Biodiversity and ecosystem services Ornamentals; Flower bulbs and tree nurseries.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://orgprints.org/31571/1/Einfluss%20der%20Bewirtschaftung%20auf%20Nodulation%20von%20Erle%20und.pdf
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Einfluss von Fruchtfolge, Stallmistdüngung und Senfzwischenfrucht auf das Brandsporenpotenzial von Steinbrand- (Tilletia caries) und Zwergsteinbrandsporen (T. controversa) im Boden Organic Eprints
Voit, Benno; Killermann, Berta; Bauermeister, Regula; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
Common and dwarf bunt of wheat are important diseases in ecological farming. High infection levels lead to an increase of the spore potential in soil. 3 and 4 years randomized crop rotation field trials are performed at 3 sites with 4 replicates on naturally infested fields with either T. controversa or T. caries spores with crop rotation links commonly used in organic farming to determine whether it is possible to decrease the spore potential in soil. The influence of stable manure on bunt spores is tested. Brassica species setting free thiocyanate and isothiocyanate compounds after mulching are cultivated to examine the possibility to reduce the spore potential in soil. Soil samples are taken yearly from each plot and common and dwarf bunt spore...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions Composting and manuring Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://orgprints.org/31830/1/Windows%207%20printed%20document-3.pdf
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Energiebilanzen und Erträge ökologischer und konventioneller Anbausysteme: erste Analyseergebnisse eines Dauerfeldversuchs in Süddeutschland Organic Eprints
Bryzinski, Taras; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
An agrosystems trial in the south of Germany (near Munich) was established in 2009/2010 to quantify, analyze and model the effects of four organic and two non-organic agricultural systems on the yields, the soil and the environmental footprint. The differential und influential factors between the systems are: crop rotation, harvest index, plant protection and fertilization. The first results in the years 2011-2013 have shown significant differences in the crop yield (winter wheat) and the crop rotation yield (grain units) between organic and conventional systems and within this groups. The energy efficiency in plant production of organic systems with organic manure (digestate and slurry) are in the average of three years almost double as high as organic...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions Recycling; Balancing and resource management Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://orgprints.org/27236/1/27236_bryzinski.pdf
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Energieeffizienz im ökologischen Landbau – am Beispiel der Wertschöpfungskette „Brot“ – Organic Eprints
Prem, Werner; Hechenbichler, Johannes; Lörcher, Michael; Manhart, Hugo; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
For the Hofpfisterei, one of biggest eco-bakery in Germany, the communication of the sustainable production of their bread plays an important role. The Hofpfisterei wants to introduce an environmental management over the supply chain, in order to improve among other things the energy efficiency. The potential is determined by a test net of organic farms by means of life cycle assessment. The reduction of energy input on the farms is to be judged as small. On the other hand the potential is high for energy output. The results show, that alone by the use of the clover grass in the market fruit farms, the energy outputs can be increased clearly. The goal of an energy autarky over supply chain can be achieved by this.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Produce chain management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://orgprints.org/9591/1/9591_Prem_Vortrag.pdf
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Energy use efficiency of organic and agroforestry farming systems Organic Eprints
Lin, H. C.; Chmelíková, Lucie; Huber, Julia; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
Im Versuchsbetrieb Scheyern (Süddeutschland) wurde in Feldexperimenten die Energienutzungseffizienz (EUE) ökologischer Anbausysteme analysiert. Die EUE wurde für verschiedene Systemebenen - die Fruchtarten, die Fruchtfolge sowie Agroforstsysteme (AFS) bestimmt. Die Agroforstsysteme bestehen aus Baumreihen mit schnellwachsenden Gehölzen zur energetischen Nutzung sowie einer Fruchtfolge zur Nahrungserzeugung. Die EUE entspricht dem Verhältnis von Energieoutput zum Energieinput. Der Energieinput umfasst den Einsatz fossiler Energie, der Energieoutput den Brennwert der Ernteprodukte. Die EUE von Weizen wird stark von der Vorfrucht beeinflusst; sie beträgt nach Kartoffeln 10,1, nach Luzerne-Kleegras 19,5, im AFS 9,7 (nach Kartoffeln) und 18,8 (nach...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://orgprints.org/21660/1/21660_LIn.pdf
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Entwicklung einer praxisanwendbaren Methode der Humusbilanzierung im ökologischen Landbau Organic Eprints
Brock, Christopher; Hoyer, Uta; Leithold, Günter; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
Ziele des Projektes waren die Untersuchung von systemspezifischen Besonderheiten und Anforderungen an die Humusreproduktion unter Bedingungen des ökologischen Landbaus, sowie die Anpassung oder Erarbeitung einer Humusbilanzmethode zur Anwendung im ökologischen Landbau. Die Untersuchungen wurden unter Einbeziehung von 8 Praxisbetriebspaaren (ökologisch vs. konventionell), 3 ökologischen Versuchsbetrieben und 16 Dauerfeldversuchen durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: 1. Eine Absicherung von Unterschieden in Niveau und Entwicklung der Humusgehalte unter konventioneller und ökologischer Bewirtschaftung war sowohl unter Praxisbedingungen, wie auch in den Dauerfeldversuchen kaum möglich. Hier wurde die Notwendigkeit einer differenzierten Betrachtung der...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Composting and manuring; Soil tillage.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://orgprints.org/16447/1/16447%2D03OE084%2Duni_giessen%2Dbrock%2D2008%2Dhumusbilanzierung.pdf
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Entwicklung und Erprobung eines Beratungskonzeptes zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe Organic Eprints
Griese, Sigrid; Rasch, Harald; Grenz, Jan; Schoch, Michael; Thalmann, Christian; Mainero, Raphael; Stalder, Simon; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen; Schmid, Harald; Wirz, Axel; Obrist, Robert; Fischinger, Stephanie.
In der landwirtschaftlichen Beratung – auch bei Ökobetrieben – werden in der Regel produktionstechnische oder betriebswirtschaftliche Fragestellungen bearbeitet. Eine Beratung, die alle Nachhaltigkeitsdimensionen umfasst und dem Betriebsleiter ein Instrument an die Hand gibt, in dem der Gesamtbetrieb widergespiegelt wird, fehlt bislang. Ziel des noch laufenden Projektes ist die Entwicklung eines Beratungsangebots, mit dem landwirtschaftliche Betriebe wirksam bei einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung unterstützt werden können. Wichtiges Novum ist der Weg der freiwilligen, selbstbestimmten Betriebsentwicklung zu mehr Nachhaltigkeit in Abgrenzung zu von außen kommenden Richtlinien.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Social aspects Education; Extension and communication Environmental aspects Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://orgprints.org/27133/1/27133_griese.pdf
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Greenhouse Gas Emissions of organic and conventional dairy farms in Germany Organic Eprints
Frank, Helmut; Schmid, Harald; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
The article presents a model to calculate the greenhouse gas emissions of German dairy farms. The model was tested in 12 organic and 12 conventional farms in Southern and Western Germany. The results show that there is no significant difference between the greenhouse gas emissions per kg milk of the organic and the conventional farms. The lower milk yield of the organic farms is compensated by the lower fossil energy input and the higher carbon sequestration in the fodder production. It can also be seen that a raise of the milk yield from a medium level does not lead to a mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions per kg milk.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; "Organics" in general; Indicators and other value-laden measures; Systems research and participatory research; Air and water emissions; Technology transfer.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://orgprints.org/24055/1/24055_MM.pdf
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Grundlagen zur Bodenfruchtbarkeit - Die Beziehung zum Boden gestalten Organic Eprints
Berner, Alfred; Böhm, Herwart; Brandhuber, Robert; Braun, Josef; Brede, Uwe; Colling-von Roesgen, Jean-Louis; Demmel, Markus; Dierauer, Hansueli; Doppler, Georg; Ewald, Bernd; Fisel, Thomas; Fließbach, Andreas; Fuchs, Jacques; Gattinger, Andreas; Häberli, Hansueli; Heß, Jürgen; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen; Köchli, Martin; Kolbe, Hartmut; Koller, Martin; Mäder, Paul; Müller, Adrian; Neessen, Peter; Patzel, Nikola; Pfiffner, Lukas; Schmidt, Harald; Weller, Stefan; Wild, Melanie.
Die Broschüre beleuchtet die Bodenfruchtbarkeit aus verschiedenen wissenschaftlichen und bäuerlichen Blickwinkeln. Die Informationen wollen praktische Beobachtungen der Landwirte ergänzen und dazu anregen, die Beziehung zum Boden zu überdenken und eine wirklich nachhaltige Bodenkultur zu praktizieren.
Tipo: Book Palavras-chave: Soil.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://orgprints.org/21814/1/berner-etal-2012-mb-1576-bodenfruchtbarkeit.pdf
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I Fondamenti della fertilità del terreno Organic Eprints
Berner, Alfred; Dierauer, Hansueli; Fuchs, Jacques; Fliessbach, Andreas; Koller, Martin; Mäder, Paul; Müller, Adrian; Pfiffner, Lukas; Patzel, Nikola; Böhm, Herwart; Brandhuber, Robert; Braun, Josef; Brede, Uwe; Colling-von Roesgen, Jean-Louis; Demmel, Markus; Doppler, Georg; Ewald, Bernd; Fisel, Thomas; Gantlett, Richard; Häberli, Hansueli; Hess, Jürgen; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen; Köchli, Martin; Kolbe, Hartmut; Neessen, Peter; Patzel, Nikola; Schmidt, Harald; Weller, Stefan; Tolhurst, Iain; Wild, Melanie.
La fertilità del suolo è riconosciuta come valore fondante sin dai pionieri dell'agricoltura biologica ma, ancor oggi, alla conservazione di un suolo fertile non viene attribuita abbastanza attenzione. Eppure l'agricoltura biologica dipende da una buona e naturale fertilità del suolo.
Tipo: Book Palavras-chave: Soil.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://orgprints.org/33065/1/I%20Fondamenti%20della%20fertilit%C3%A0%20del%20terreno%20.pdf
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