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Registros recuperados: 19 | |
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Ansquer, P.; Al Haj Khaled, R.; Cruz, P.; Theau, J.P.; Therond, O.; Duru, M.. |
The use of plant phenology for determining the timing of management practices is poorly understood in species-rich grasslands. The objectives were to assess the effect of management practices on the dates at which phenological stages occur and to compare different methods of calculating the growing degreedays in order to predict them. Dates at which phenological stages of plant species occurred were recorded and plant strategy for resource capture and use was assessed through measurements of the dry matter content of leaves in two experiments in regions with contrasting climatic conditions. In Experiment 1, conducted near Toulouse, France, a set of 31 species was sown in pure stands at two levels of N availability. In Experiment 2, a network of 18... |
Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: PHENOLOGY; GRASS; DICOTYLEDON; NITROGEN; CUTTING; GRAZING. |
Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.prodinra.inra.fr/prodinra/pinra/doc.xsp?id=PROD2009357f57dc&uri=/notices/prodinra1/2010/06/ |
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Sautour, B; Castel, Jerome. |
Zooplankton distribution in Marennes-Oleron Bay (France) varies during the year and is essentially determined by seasonal rhythms. The whole set of zooplanktonic taxa can be divided into three groups: the first bearing oceanic affinities; the second with estuarine tendencies; and the third more intermediate. Important water flows inhibit the establishment in a specific zone of an autochthonous community (this community is reduced to such species as Acartia discaudata, Acartia grani and Euterpina acutifrons). Zooplanktonic populations reach their maximum abundances at the end of spring and during summer, particularly during spring tide in the inner neritic zone. The estimation of die grazing pressure of copepods (which are the dominant taxa) is variable... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: MARENNES-OLERON; ZOOPLANKTON; COPEPODS; BIOMASS; GRAZING. |
Ano: 1993 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00099/21055/18681.pdf |
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Bocquier, F.; Benoit, M.; Laignel, G.; Dedieu, B.; Cournut, S.; Fiorelli, C.; Jouven, M.; Moulin, C.H.; Aubron, C.; Lurette, A.; Lapeyronie, P.; Hassoun, P.; Meuret, M.; Agreil, C.; Napoleone, M.; Hoste, H.; Friggens, N.; Tichit, M.; Gonzalez Garcia, E.; Hazard, D.; François, D.; Pellicer Rubio, M.; Guillouet, P.; Boissard, K.; Fabre-Nys, C.; Debus, N.; Teyssier, J.; Tournadre, H.; Migaud, M.; Malpaux, B.; Chemineau, P.; Bodin, L.; Prache, S.; Bouix, J.; Barillet, F.; Boutonnet, J.P.; Chia, E.; Lasseur, J.; Etienne, M.; Gibon, A.; Choisis, J.P.; Labatut, J.; Paoli, J.C.; Santucci, P.. |
Les systèmes d’élevage ovins et les caprins, comme les autres productions animales, sont confrontés aux multiples défis environnementaux : limiter les nuisances et contribuer positivement à l’entretien ou à l’amélioration du milieu. Les travaux de l’INRA, et de ses partenaires, se sont largement impliqués dans ces questions en considérant ces élevages de petits ruminants comme faisant partie d‘agroécosystèmes complexes. Cette synthèse collective rassemble, en privilégiant les niveaux d’approche, les actions dans lesquels l’INRA intervient. Considérant tout d’abord les grandes tendances sur les effectifs d’animaux et leur répartition géographique, les adaptations ou les disparitions de ces élevages se repèrent par les approches technico-économiques. Dans ce... |
Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: SHEEP; GOAT; SMALL-RUMINANT; MEAT PRODUCTION; DAIRY PRODUCTS; FARMING SYSTEM; ORGANIC FARMING; CONCENTRATE; FERTILIZERS; HORMONES; SEASONAL BREEDING; GRAZING; NATURAL PASTURES; RANGELANDS; PASTORAL RESOURCE; SYLVO-PASTORAL; TRANSHUMANCE; SOIL FERTILITY; BIODIVERSITY; ECOSYSTEMIC SERVICE; GLOBAL EFFICIENCY; GREENHOUSE GAS; TERRITORIES; LANDSCAPE; LABOUR; INNOVATION; INVENTION TRANSFER; ANIMAL SELECTION; PRECISION FARMING; ECOLOGICAL INTENSIFICATION; MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH.. |
Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.prodinra.inra.fr/prodinra/pinra/doc.xsp?id=PROD201176bcaa27&uri=/notices/prodinra1/2011/04/ |
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Jouven, M.; Baumont, R.; Ingrand, S.; Bocquier, F.. |
This paper examines the issues and requirements of simulation models for small ruminant systems in Mediterranean areas. Due to the absence of published models suited to these systems, we analyze the features of existing models designed for other species and other geographical areas, but focussed on similar issues (adaptive abilities of the females, feed self-sufficiency, sustainable use of rangeland). Flock and land heterogeneity, which are described in these models, should be given high interest, since they are typical of small ruminant systems in Mediterranean areas. Setting precise modelling objectives in relation to the final users, and exploiting complementary sources of information including expert knowledge are basic conditions for building a... |
Tipo: Conference Paper |
Palavras-chave: MODEL; SIMULATION; FARM; FLOCK; FORAGE RESOURCES; RANGELAND; GRAZING; MEDITERRANEAN. |
Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.prodinra.inra.fr/prodinra/pinra/doc.xsp?id=PROD2009d2898104&uri=/notices/prodinra1/2011/03/ |
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Jouven, M.; Baumont, R.; Ingrand, S.; Bocquier, F.. |
Cet article traite des enjeux et des cahiers des charges pour des modèles de simulation desystèmes d’élevage de petits ruminants en zones méditerranéennes. Comme peu de modèles publiés sontadaptés à ces systèmes, nous analysons les caractéristiques de modèles existants conçus pour d’autresespèces et d’autres régions, mais traitant d’enjeux similaires (capacités adaptatives des femelles,autonomie alimentaire de l’exploitation, utilisation durable des parcours). L’applicabilité de leurs équationset de leurs représentations conceptuelles aux systèmes de petits ruminants est discutée. L’hétérogénéité dutroupeau et des ressources fourragères, mais aussi la variabilité des ressources entre saisons et entreannées, sont des éléments importants, car typiques des... |
Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: MODEL; LIVESTOCK SYSTEM; GRAZING; MEDITERRANEAN; SMALL RUMINANTS. |
Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.prodinra.inra.fr/prodinra/pinra/doc.xsp?id=PROD201075cf8ba7&uri=/notices/prodinra1/2010/09/ |
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Minas, Hj; Minas, M. |
An analysis of tropical upwelling systems shows a great range in the rate of increase of the standing stock expressed in terms of the water column chlorophyll content. Grazing appears to be the main factor responsible for lowering the rate of increase, especially in moderate and strong High Nutrient-Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) waters. A simple model comparing Net Community Production (NCP) rates with observed chlorophyll increase rates, leads us to conclude that phytoplankton population must present high specific growth rates on a daily rhythm in order to overcome grazing. Maximum specific growth rates (V(max)) calculated for daily total production (TP) are, in the two main upwelling areas, 137 d-1 off NW Africa and 1.04 d-1 off Peru. For extreme HNLC... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: NUTRIENTS; NEW PRODUCTION; GRAZING; TROPICAL OCEAN; ANTARCTIC. |
Ano: 1992 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00100/21149/18768.pdf |
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Costera, A.; Feidt, C.; Dziurla, M.A.; Monteau, F.; Toussaint, H.; Rychen, G.. |
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are carcinogenic pollutants of mainly pyrolytic origin. Dairy cattle may introduce these pollutants in the food chain by grazing on contaminated grasslands. This study was aimed to determine the influence of the matrice (soil, hay, oil as control) on the transfer to milk and urine of three PAHs (phenanthrene, pyrene and benzo(a)pyrene) and their major metabolites. The studied matrices were artificially contaminated to ensure 50 mg ingestion for each PAH. Three goats were placed in controlled conditions and the matrice administration was achieved according to a latin square design. After each matrice administration (500 g hay, 25 g soil, 5 mL oil), milk and urine were sampled for the 57 h period following... |
Tipo: Conference Paper |
Palavras-chave: HYDROCARBURE AROMATIQUE; CHAINE ALIMENTAIRE; POLLUANT; LAIT DE VACHE; TRANSFERT POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; PAH; CARCINOGENIC POLLUTANTS; DAIRY CATTLE; FOOD CHAIN; GRAZING; HAY; SOIL; TRANSFER; MILK; URINE. |
Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.prodinra.inra.fr/prodinra/pinra/doc.xsp?id=PROD20076af05990&uri=/notices/prodinra1/2008/03/ |
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Registros recuperados: 19 | |
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