SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Govindasamy, Ramu; Cochran, Mark J..

Using stochastic dominance, this paper examines the adoption of the Conservation Compliance Program (CCP) in twelve Iowa soil types. Subsidies necessary to compensate producers for the increased risk of compliance strategies are estimated. Results indicate that to promote voluntary compliance with the CCP, the government should provide a subsidy of between $4.55 to $19.88 per acre, depending on the soil type.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Conservation compliance; Stochastic dominance; Adoption; Risk premium; Erosion; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90409

Analise de risco de sistemas de rotacao de culturas com cevada em plantio direto, num periodo de dez anos.

SANTOS, H. P. dos; AMBROSI, I.; SANDINI, I..

De 1984 a 1993 foram avaliados, em Guarapuava, PR, os efeitos de quatro sistemas de rotacao de culturas com cevada (Hordeum vulgare L.). Procedeu-se neste trabalho a analise de risco dos sistemas: I((cevada/soja; II (cevada/soja e ervilhaca/milho, de 1984 a 1989, e cevada/soja e aveia branca/soja,d e 1990 a 1993); III (cevada/soja, linho/soja e ervilhaca/milho, de 1984 a 1989, e cevada/soja, ervilhaca/milho e aveia branca/soja, de 1990 a 1993); e IV (cevada/soja, linho/soja, ervilhaca/milho e aveia branca/soja). O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repeticoes e parcelas com area util de 60 m.2. Foram aplicados dois tipos de analise na receita liquida dos sistemas: analise da media da variancia e analise de risco (distribuicao de...

Analise de risco de sistemas de rotacao de culturas com triticale, sob sistema plantio direto.

Palavras-chave: Hordeum vulgare; Receita liquida; Dominancia estocastica; Media de variancia; Aveia branca; Ertvilhaca; Milho; Soja; Net return; Stochastic dominance; Mean-variance analysis; White oat; Common vetch; Corn; Soybean.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/handle/doc/85585

SANTOS, H. P. dos; AMBROSI, I.; LHAMBY, J. C. B.; BAIER, A. C..

Num periodo de cinco anos (1987 a 1991), foram avaliados, em Passo Fundo, RS, os efeitos de cinco sistemas de rotacao de culturas com triticale I (triticale/soja), sistema II (triticale/soja e aveia-preta/soja), sistema III (triticale/soja e ervilhaca/milho), sistema IV (triticale/soja, ervilhaca/milho e aveia-preta/soja) e sistema V (triticale/soja, triticale/soja, ervilhaca/milho e aveia-preta/soja). Em 1990, nos sistemas II, IV e V, a aveia-preta foi substituida por aveia-branca. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com tres repeticoes. No presente trabalho, apresenta-se a analise de risco naquele periodo. Foram aplicados dois tipos de analise na receita liquida dos sistemas: analise da media variancia e analise de risco (distribuicao de...

Análise de risco em quatro sistemas de rotação de culturas para trigo, num período de dez anos, em Passo Fundo, RS.

Palavras-chave: Custo; Receita liquida; Media variancia; Dominancia estocastica; Cost; Net return; Mean-variance; Stochastic dominance.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/handle/doc/85586

SANTOS, H. P. dos; AMBROSI, I.; LHAMBY, J. C. B..

1999

Analise de risco em quatro sistemas de rotacao de culturas para trigo, num periodo de dez anos, em Passo Fundo, RS.

Palavras-chave: Triticum aestivum; Análise da receita líquida; Média variância; Dominância estocástica; Net return; Mean-variance analysis; Stochastic dominance.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/handle/doc/825016

SANTOS, H. P. dos; AMBROSI, I.; LHAMBY, J. C. B..

Num periodo de dez anos (1980 a 1989), foi conduzido, na Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Trigo (CNPT), em Passo Fundo, RS, experimento reunindo quatro sistemas de rotacao de culturas para trigo (Triticum aestivum L.): sistema I (trigo/soja); sistema II (trigo/soja, colza/soja, cevada/soja e tremoco ou serradela/milho); sistema III (trigo/soja, trevo vesiculoso/trevo vesiculoso, trevo vesiculoso/milho, de 1980 a 1983, e trigo/soja, aveia branca/soja e ervilha/milho, de 1984 a 1989); e sistema IV (trigo/soja, colza/soja, linho/soja e tremoco ou serradela/milho). Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repeticoes e parcelas com area util de 120 m2. No presente trabalho, mostra-se a analise de risco naquele periodo. Foram aplicados...

Cash Wheat Marketing: Strategies for Real People

Palavras-chave: Triticum aestivum; Analise da receita liquida; Media variancia; Dominancia estocastica; Net return; Mean-variance analysis; Stochastic dominance.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/handle/doc/85587

Brorsen, B. Wade; Anderson, Kim B..

A new paradigm is needed in extension marketing programs. Attempts to help producers time the market, either through cask sales or futures trading, appear to be of little benefit. Marketing extension programs need to place less emphasis on outlook and futures trading and more emphasis on simple marketing strategies that people really use. An empirical example of strategies for Oklahoma wheat producers shows selling cash wheat at harvest and participating in government programs as the preferred marketing strategy. Implications for extension programs in other states are that extension programs can help producers decide whether to store their grain and whether to participate in farm programs.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Economics; Efficient markets; Extension; Forward contracts; Hedging; Price analysis; Risk; Stochastic dominance; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Marketing.

Ano: 1994

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62351

Community Tax Evasion Models: A Stochastic Dominance Test

Conservation Payments under Risk: A Stochastic Dominance Approach

Gandelman, Nestor.

In a multi community environment local authorities compete for tax base. When monitoring is imperfect, agents may decide not to pay in their community (evasion), and save the tax difference. The agent decision on where to pay taxes is based on the probability of getting caught, the fine he eventually will have to pay and the time cost of paying in a neighbor community. First, we prove that if the focus of the agents’ decision is the probability of getting caught and the fine, only the richest people evade. If instead, the key ingredient is the time cost of evading, only the poorest cheat. Second, we test the evasion pattern on the Automobile Registration System in Uruguay using two stochastic dominance tests. The evidence favors in this case the hypothesis...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Tax evasion; Stochastic dominance; H26; H77; C52.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37120

Benitez, Pablo C.; Kuosmanen, Timo; Olschewski, Roland; van Kooten, G. Cornelis.

Updated version of REPA Working Paper 2004-05.

Cost and benefits of using best management practices to control non-point sources of pollution under environmental and economic uncertainty

Palavras-chave: Agroforest systems; Conservation payments; Land allocation; Portfolio diversification; Risk; Stochastic dominance; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C73; O54; Q23; Q57; R14.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37024

Rodriguez, Hector German; Popp, Jennie S. Hughes; Gbur, Edward E.; Chaubey, Indrajeet.

The economy of northwest Arkansas, including the Lincoln Lake watershed (a sub-watershed of the Illinois River), relies greatly upon livestock and poultry production. The supply of production by-products is increasingly under scrutiny as one of the potential sources of water pollution in the region. In light of the recent economic crisis, methodologies that help producers to evaluate the environmental and economic impacts of several practices before implementing them may be a cost-effective means of increasing BMP adoption. This study uses stochastic dominance techniques to evaluate, environmentally and economically, ten best management practices (BMPs) combinations to lessen water pollution in the Lincoln Lake watershed. All BMP combinations analyzed were...

DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS OF U.S. FARM HOUSEHOLD INCOME

Palavras-chave: Nonpoint pollution; Watershed; Best management practices; Risk analysis; Stochastic dominance; Environmental Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Q25; Q53.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103344

Hopkins, Jeffrey W.; Morehart, Mitchell J..

DO ANTIBIOTICS REDUCE PRODUCTION RISK FOR U.S. PORK PRODUCERS?

Palavras-chave: Expenditures; Farm safety net; Household income; Poverty; Stochastic dominance; Wealth; Consumer/Household Economics.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36517

Liu, Xuanli; Miller, Gay Y.; McNamara, Paul E..

Production risk from live weight variation of market pigs has become a more important concern in U.S. swine production. Packers are concerned about the variation in carcass size because of the demand for standardized cuts and the use of automation in the slaughter process. Swine producers care about standardized pigs because of revenue implications and possible links to animal health and productivity. Pig size variation can be due to various condition and inputs including antibiotics. However, discussions on risk reduction from antibiotic use have generally not been considered. Our work extends previous studies by systematically examining the aspects of production risk reduction and highlights the potential results of banning antibiotics from a risk...

Do Antibiotics Reduce Production Risk for U.S. Pork Producers?

Palavras-chave: Production risk; Antibiotics; Swine; Utility; Stochastic dominance; Livestock Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty; Q10; Q12; Q14..

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22026

Liu, Xuanli; Miller, Gay Y.; McNamara, Paul E..

We combine econometric and financial analyses of the NAHMS 2000 Swine Survey data to examine whether evidence exists for reducing risk by using antibiotics for growth promotion (AGP) in the U.S. swine industry. A stochastic dominance analysis of alternative lengths of time (days) of AGP application reveals that AGP used in the range of 65—75 days is preferred by risk-averse producers. Risk is reduced and profits are increased from use of AGP. The combined impacts of increased average daily gain and decreased variability in pig live weight increase producer profits by $2.99 per pig marketed.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Growth promotion; Pigs; Risk; Stochastic dominance; Variability; D21; D61; D81; Q12; R32.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42785

Do Income Constraints Inhibit Spending on Fruits and Vegetables Among Low-Income Households?

Stewart, Hayden; Blisard, Noel; Jolliffe, Dean.

This study assesses whether income constraints inhibit spending on fruits and vegetables among low-income households. If this is the case, then it is hypothesized that the distribution of expenditures on fruits and vegetables by low-income households should be stochastically dominated by the distribution of expenditures on these same food items by other households. Moreover, it must be the case that low-income households would increase their spending on fruits and vegetables in response to an increase in their income. Using household data from the 2000 Consumer Expenditure Survey, a test of stochastic dominance is performed. Censored quantile regressions are also estimated at selected points of the conditional expenditure distribution. Low income...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Censored least absolute deviations; Consumption; Fruits and vegetables; Low-income households; Nutrition; Sample design; Stochastic dominance; Consumer/Household Economics.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31064

Economic Comparisons of Alternative and Conventional Production Technologies for Eggplant in Southern Georgia

Brunson, Kathryn E.; Stark, C. Robert, Jr.; Wetzstein, Michael E.; Phatak, Sharad C..

Environmental concerns about pesticide usage in traditional production systems are prompting vegetable producers to consider alternative systems. Research results from a multi-year study on eggplant in southern Georgia compare two alternative production technologies to the conventional rye cover crop technology. Alternative technologies utilize beneficial insect principles as substitutes for conventional pesticide controls. Using field data, eggplant production budgets are developed to generate net return estimates under each system. Cost reductions achieved by using alternative technologies are not sufficient to offset the reduced yields and returns generated from these technologies. Cash input requirements for alternative systems suggest potential for...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Alternative systems; Budgets; Eggplant; Expected value; Limited resource; Stochastic dominance; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Production Economics.

Ano: 1995

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90373

Economics of Intensive Grazing in Dairy Production In the Mid-Atlantic

Lichtenberg, Erik; Minegishi, Kota; Hanson, James C.; Johnson, Dale M..

Dairy production in the US has experienced a marked increase in the size of dairy operations over time. Even as total production has grown over time, smaller operations have been disappearing. Consequently, the viability of smaller dairy farms has become an important policy concern in regions like the Mid-Atlantic where small dairy farms account for a significant share of farm enterprises. Previous studies suggest that dairy farming based on intensive (rotational) grazing, as opposed to traditional confined-feeding operations, may make it possible for smaller operations to remain economically viable. However, the short term nature of the data used in these studies limits the robustness of these findings. We utilize a unique panel of financial data...

Evaluating Crop and Revenue Insurance Products as Risk Management Tools for Texas Cotton Producers

Palavras-chave: Dairy; Intensive grazing; Rotational grazing; Technical efficiency; Stochastic dominance; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; Q12; Q16.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103700

Field, James E.; Misra, Sukant K.; Ramirez, Octavio A..

This paper develops and illustrates the application of a procedure to evaluate and compare the cost effectiveness of alternative crop insurance products for cotton in terms of their effect on expected producer net returns and the variation of net returns. Farm unit-level cotton yields and state-level price distributions are estimated by a multivariate nonnormal parametric modeling procedure and used to simulate the net returns to alternative crop insurance products over a 10-year planning horizon. The ranking of alternative insurance products using third-degree stochastic dominance is presented for Texas cotton producers.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Cotton; Crop insurance; Multivariate nonnormal parametric modeling; Stochastic dominance; C5; Q1.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37314

Export Performance in Fiji, 1960 to 1999

Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in Fiji from 1960 to 1999. A country with reasonably abundant resources, Fiji has made effective use of its quite substantial resources to increase total export values significantly over the study period, with an average rate of growth of 2.6 per cent per annum. Non-agricultural exports were the source of this growth, increasing annually by 7.3 per cent. Growth was particularly strong from the late 1980s despite the loss of skills and capital flight in the wake of the May 1987 coup and military takeover. The economy clearly benefited from a policy switch from a trade protectionist policy with a high degree of government intervention to an export-oriented strategy based on private...

Export Performance in Papua New Guinea, 1960 to 1999

Palavras-chave: Export performance; Fiji; Stochastic dominance; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12930

Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in Papua New Guinea from 1960 to 1999. A country with abundant natural resources, Papua New Guinea was able to experience significant growth in total export values throughout the final four decades of the 20th century, with each succeeding decade stochastically dominating the previous one. The expansion of mineral and energy exports from the early 1970s was the major source of this growth. The powerful influence of an expanding minerals and energy sector must nevertheless be of concern in that this sector and other non-agricultural resource sectors comprise mainly extractive or quasi-extractive industries given the production practices that currently exist. Little progress has been made...

Export Performance in South Pacific Countries Comparatively Well Endowed with Natural Resources: Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, 1960 to 1999

Palavras-chave: Export performance; Papua New Guinea; Stochastic dominance; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12927

Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in two Melanesian countries of similar size and structure that are comparatively well endowed with natural resources: Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. Total export values increased over the study period in Solomon Islands, brought about by a significant increase in the value of non-agricultural resource exports. Agricultural exports showed small increases but the average annual rate of growth was only 1.3 per cent for agricultural export values compared with 10.7 per cent in non-agricultural export values. The record of commodity export performance in Vanuatu over the study period was less impressive, with a small average annual decline in total export values. This decline was caused by...

Export Performance in South Pacific Countries Marginally Endowed with Natural Resources: Samoa and Tonga, 1960 to 1999

Palavras-chave: Export performance; Stochastic dominance; Solomon Islands; Vanuatu; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12937

Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in two Polynesian countries of similar size and structure that are both marginally endowed with natural resources: Samoa and Tonga. In general, total and agricultural export values declined over the study period in both countries, brought about by a significant decline in the value of agricultural exports while non- agricultural exports showed small increases. The one exception to this trend was in Tonga during the 1990s when squash exports brought about a revival in agricultural export values. Results suggest that these countries are likely to struggle to achieve sustainable economic development, given their limited natural resource endowments. The fisheries sector holds the key to...